---
title: "賢愚經 · 28 重姓品"
description: "賢愚經是北魏時期由慧覺等高僧共同翻譯編纂的一部佛教經典，屬於本緣部典籍。該經成書於5世紀，收錄了大量佛教故事，通過賢者與愚者的對比，闡述因果業報、修行解脫等佛教核心教義。全經分為十三卷，內容包含佛陀本生故事、弟子因緣及民間佛教傳說，語言通俗易懂，具有濃厚的民間文學色彩。作為漢傳佛教重要經典，賢愚經不僅是研究北魏佛教傳播的重要文獻，也對後世佛教文學、藝術產生了深遠影響，在佛教通俗教化中佔有獨特地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cm9gs11nk029ghd0ww39wfov5"
---

### （二九）重姓品第二十八丹本為二十六

如是我聞：

一時佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。爾時國中有豪長者，財富無量，唯無子姓，每懷悒遲，禱祠神祇，求索一子。精誠款篤，婦便懷妊，日月滿足，生一男兒，其兒端正，世所希有，父母、宗親值時𮩘會，共相合集，詣大江邊飲酒自娛，父母持兒詣其會所。父愛此兒，順坐擔舞，父舞已竟，母復擔之，歷坐擎騰，歡娛自樂，臨到河邊，意卒散亂，執之不固，失兒墮水，尋時搏撮，竟不能得。于時父母憐念此兒，愛著傷懷，絕而復甦。其兒福德，竟復不死，至河水中隨水沈浮。

> Once, the Buddha was staying in the Jeta Grove, in the Garden of the Benefactor of the Orphans and the Solitary, in the kingdom of Shravasti. At that time, there lived a wealthy elder in the country who possessed boundless riches but had no children. He constantly felt sad and anxious, and prayed to spirits and deities, begging for a son. Because his devotion was sincere and deep, his wife became pregnant. After the full term, she gave birth to a baby boy. The child was handsome and exceptional, rare in the world. The parents, along with their relatives, happened to hold a festive gathering. They all assembled and went to the banks of a great river, drinking wine and enjoying themselves. The parents brought the child to the gathering. The father, loving the boy, carried him around the seats, dancing with him. After the father finished dancing, the mother took him up and lifted him from one seat to another, tossing him joyfully in delight. But as they approached the river's edge, her mind suddenly became scattered and confused; she did not hold him securely, and the child slipped and fell into the water. They immediately tried to grasp him, but could not catch him. At that time, the parents, filled with sorrow, craved the child so deeply and were so wounded with grief that they fainted and then revived. But such was the child's merit that he did not die; rather, he floated and sank along the river's current.

時有一魚吞此小兒，雖在魚腹，猶復不死。時有小村而在下流，有一富家亦無子姓，種種求索，困不能得，而彼富家恒令一奴捕魚販賣，僕輸大家。其奴日日捕魚為業，值時捕得吞小兒魚，剖腹看之，得一小兒，面貌端正。得已歡喜，抱與大家。大家觀看，而自慶言：「我家由來禱祠神祇，求索子息，精誠報應，故天與我。」即便摩捫，乳哺養之。

時彼上村父母聞下村長者魚腹中得兒，即往其所，追求索之，而語之言：「此是我兒。我於彼河而失是子，今汝得之，願以見還！」時彼長者而答之言：「我家由來禱祠求子，今神報應，賜我一兒。君之亡兒，竟為所在？」紛紜不了，詣王求斷。於是二家各引道理。其兒父母說：「是我兒。我於其時失在河中。」而彼長者復自說言：「我於河中魚腹得之。此實我子，非君所生。」王聞其說，靡知所如，即與二家評詳此事：「卿二長者各認此兒，今若與一，於理不可，更互共養，至兒長大，各為娶婦，安置家業，二處異居。此婦生兒，即屬此家，彼婦生兒，即屬彼家。」時二長者各隨王教。

> Then the parents from the upstream village heard that the elder in the downstream village had found a child in a fish's belly. They went straight to his place to demand the child back, saying, "This is our son. We lost him in that river, and now you have found him. Please return him to us." The downstream elder replied, "My family has long prayed and made offerings for a son. Now the gods have answered our prayers and granted me this child. Where did you lose your son?" Unable to resolve the dispute, they went before the king to settle it. At court, each side presented their reasoning. The child's parents said, "He is our son. We lost him in the river at that time." The downstream elder insisted, "I found him in the belly of a fish I caught in the river. He is truly my son, not yours." Hearing both arguments, the king was at a loss. He then gave this judgment to the two families: "Both of you claim this child as your own. To give him entirely to either side would be unjust. So, you will share custody. Raise the boy together. When he comes of age, each of you will find him a wife and provide him with a household so that he may live in both places. Any children born to his wife in your home will belong to your family; children born to his wife in the other home will belong to the other family." The two elders followed the king's decree.

兒年長大，俱為娶婦，供給所須無有乏短。于時其兒白二父母言：「我生以來，遭羅苦難，墮水魚吞，垂死得濟，今我至意欲得出家，唯願父母當見聽許！」時二父母心愛此兒，不能拒逆，即便聽許。其兒即辭，往至佛所，稽首佛足，求索入道，佛即聽之，讚言：「善來比丘！」鬚髮自落，即成沙門，字曰重姓，佛為說法，得盡諸苦，即於座上成阿羅漢。

> As the children grew up, their parents arranged marriages for them and provided for all their needs without any shortage. One day, the sons said to both parents: "Since we were born, we have suffered many hardships—we fell into water and were swallowed by fish, coming close to death before being rescued. Now, from the bottom of our hearts, we wish to leave home to become monks. We only hope that our parents will allow this!" The parents loved their sons deeply and could not refuse, so they gave their permission. The sons took their leave and went to the Buddha. They bowed at his feet and asked to be accepted into the monastic life, which the Buddha immediately granted. He praised them, saying, "Welcome, monks!" Their hair and beards fell away on their own, and they became bhikshus, named "Twice-Surnamed One." The Buddha taught the Dharma to them, enabling them to end all their suffering, and right there in their seats they attained Arhatship.

阿難白佛：「不審，世尊！此重姓比丘本造何行、種何善根，而今出世墮水魚吞，而故不死？」

> Ananda asked the Buddha, "I do not understand, World-Honored One. What actions did this monk of double surname perform in the past, what virtuous roots did he plant, that he should be born in this life, fall into the water, be swallowed by a fish, yet still survive?"

佛告阿難：「汝且聽之！吾當為說。過去久遠有佛世尊，號毘婆尸，集諸大眾，為說妙法，時有長者來至會中，聞其如來廣說大法——布施之福、持戒之福，聞已歡喜，信心猛烈，即從彼佛受三自歸，受不殺戒，復以一錢布施彼佛，由是之故，世世受福，財寶自恣，無有乏短。」佛告阿難：「欲知爾時長者子者，今重姓比丘是也，由其爾時施佛一錢，九十一劫恒富錢財，至於今世，二家父母供給所須；受不殺戒故，墮大水，魚吞不死；受三自歸故，今值我世，沐浴清化，得羅漢道。」

爾時阿難及與大眾聞佛所說，遵修善行，敬重佛教，歡喜信受，頂戴奉行。