---
title: "賢愚經 · 31 大劫賓寧品"
description: "賢愚經是北魏時期由慧覺等高僧共同翻譯編纂的一部佛教經典，屬於本緣部典籍。該經成書於5世紀，收錄了大量佛教故事，通過賢者與愚者的對比，闡述因果業報、修行解脫等佛教核心教義。全經分為十三卷，內容包含佛陀本生故事、弟子因緣及民間佛教傳說，語言通俗易懂，具有濃厚的民間文學色彩。作為漢傳佛教重要經典，賢愚經不僅是研究北魏佛教傳播的重要文獻，也對後世佛教文學、藝術產生了深遠影響，在佛教通俗教化中佔有獨特地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cm9gs139h02dwhd0w44nho7ug"
---

## 賢愚經卷第七

> Sutra of the Wise and the Foolish, Scroll 7

元魏涼州沙門慧覺等在高昌郡譯

> Translated by the Monk Huijue and Others from Liangzhou of the Northern Wei Dynasty in Gaochang Prefecture

### （三六）大劫賓寧品第三十一丹本此品前在第四卷為十八

> Chapter 31: The Great Kalpa

如是我聞：

> Thus I have heard:

一時佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園，爾時國王名波斯匿。于時南方有國名為金地，其王字劫賓寧，王有太子，名摩訶劫賓寧。其父崩背，太子嗣位，體性聰明，大力勇健，所統國土三萬六千，兵眾殷熾，無能敵者，威風遠振，莫不摧伏，然與中國不相交通。

> Once, the Buddha was staying in the Jeta Grove, in the Garden of the Benefactor of the Orphans and the Solitary, in the kingdom of Shravasti. At that time, the king of that country was named Prasenajit. Now, in the southern region, there was a kingdom called Jambudvipa’s Golden Land, whose king was named Kapphina. This king had a crown prince, Maha Kapphina. When the king passed away, the prince ascended the throne. He was naturally intelligent, immensely strong, and valiant. The territory he ruled over encompassed thirty-six thousand kingdoms, with a vast and powerful army that no one could oppose. His might and renown spread far and wide, and all who heard of him submitted. However, he had no diplomatic relations with the central kingdom of Magadha.

後有商客往到金地，以四端細󰧕奉上彼王，王納受已，問商客言：「此物甚好，為出何處？」商客答曰：「出於中國。」王復問言：「其中國者，名字云何？」商客啟曰：「名羅悅祇，又名舍衛，其數眾多，不能具說。」王復問言：「中國諸王以何等故不來獻我？」商客啟曰：「各自霸土，威名相齊，以是之故，不來承奉耳。」王自思惟：「今我力勢能總威攝一切天下，何緣諸王不來承貢？今當加威，令彼率伏。」復問商客：「中國諸王，何者最大？」商主白言：「舍衛國王為第一大。」

> Later, some merchants traveled to the Golden Land and offered the king four bolts of fine silk. The king accepted them and asked the merchants, "This is excellent material—where does it come from?" The merchants replied, "It comes from China." The king then asked, "What is the name of that country?" The merchants answered, "It is called Rajagriha, and also Shravasti. There are many such names, too many to list in detail." The king then asked, "Why do the kings of China not come to bring me tribute?" The merchants responded, "Each one rules his own territory, and their might and reputations are equal to one another. For this reason, they do not come to serve you." The king thought to himself, "My power and authority now can dominate and rule the entire world; why do these kings not come to pay homage? I must use force to make them submit." He then asked the merchants, "Among the kings of China, who is the greatest?" The merchant leader said, "The king of Shravasti is the greatest."

時金地王即便遣使詣舍衛國，持書示教，其理委備，告語其王波斯匿言：「我之威風遍閻浮提，卿為所恃，斷絕使命，今故遣使共卿相聞。卿若臥時，聞我聲者，尋應起坐；若坐聞者，尋時應立；若食聞聲，應即吐哺；若沐聞聲，應即握髮；若住時聞，應即相趣。却後七日，與我相見；設不如是，吾當興兵破汝國界。」

> At that time, the King of Gold Earth immediately sent an envoy to the kingdom of Shravasti, bearing a letter with explicit instructions, its reasoning complete and detailed. He announced to King Prasenajit: “My authority spreads across all of Jambudvipa. Relying on that support, you have cut off contact. Therefore, I now send this envoy to communicate with you. If you are lying down when you hear my voice, you should immediately sit up; if sitting, you should immediately stand; if eating, you should immediately spit out your food; if bathing, you should immediately grasp your hair; if standing, you should immediately approach. Within seven days, come and see me. Should you not do so, I will raise an army and destroy your kingdom’s borders.”

波斯匿聞，深用驚惶，即往詣佛，具白斯事。佛告王言：「王還語使云：『我不大，更有大王。』」王奉佛教，告彼使言：「世有聖王，近在此間，卿可到邊傳汝王命。」使即時往詣於祇桓。

> When King Prasenajit heard this, he was deeply alarmed and immediately went to the Buddha to inform him of the entire situation. The Buddha told the king, "Go back and tell the envoy: 'I am not the greatest; there is an even greater king.'" Following the Buddha's instruction, the king said to the envoy, "There is a Holy King in this world, right here nearby. You can go to him and deliver your king's message." The envoy then proceeded to the Jetavana Monastery.

于時世尊自變其身作轉輪王，令目連作典兵臣，七寶侍從皆悉備有。又化祇桓令作寶城，繞城四邊有七重壍，其間皆有七寶行樹，雜色蓮花不可稱計，光明晃晃，照然赫發。城中宮殿亦是眾寶，王在殿上尊嚴可畏。

> At that time, the World-Honored One transformed himself into a Wheel-Turning King, and caused Maudgalyayana to become his general in charge of troops. The seven treasures and their attendants were all complete. He further transformed the Jeta Grove into a jewel city, surrounded on all four sides by seven layers of moats, between which were rows of jewel trees and countless multicolored lotuses, shining brightly with radiant light. The palaces within the city were also made of various treasures. The king sat in the hall, majestic and awe-inspiring.

於是彼使前入化城，既覩大王，情甚驚悚，自念：「我君無狀招禍。」然不得已，以書示之。化王得書，蹋著脚下，告彼使言：「吾為大王，臨統四域，汝王頑迷，敢見違距。汝速還國，致宣吾教：『信至之日，馳奔來覲，臥聞當起，坐聞應立，立聞吾令，便當涉道。剋期七日，不得稽遲；敢違斯制，罪在不請。』」

> Then the messenger entered the transformed capital. Upon seeing the great king, a wave of panic and shock washed over him. He thought to himself, "My king has invited disaster through his own misdeeds." But as he had no choice, he presented the letter. The King of the Transformed City took the letter, trampled it under his foot, and said to the messenger: "I am the sovereign king, ruling over the four realms. Your king is stubborn and foolish, daring to defy me. Return now to your country and deliver this command: 'The moment this decree arrives, you must race here to pay homage. If you are lying down, rise when you hear this; if you are sitting, stand when you hear this; as soon as you hear my order, you must set out on the journey. I grant you seven days—no delay allowed. Whoever dares to disobey this rule will face a punishment that cannot be pardoned.'"

使受教竟，還詣本國，具以聞見白金地王。王承斯問，深自咎責，合率所領諸小王輩，嚴辦車馬，欲朝大王，然有所疑，未便即路，先遣一使白大王言：「臣所總秉三萬六千，王為當都去，將半去耶？」大王還報：「聽半留住，但將半來。」

時金地王將萬八千小王同時來到，既見化王，謁拜畢已，心作是念：「大王形貌雖復勝我，力必不如。」化王于時勅典兵臣以弓與之，金地國王手不能勝。化王還取，以指張弓，復持與之，勅令引挽；金地國王殊不能挽。化王復取，而彈扣之，三千世界皆為振動。次復取箭，彎弓而射，離手之後，化為五發，其諸箭頭各各皆出無數光明，其光明頭皆有蓮花，大如車輪，一一花上各各皆有一轉輪王，七寶具足，奮演光明，普照三千大千世界，五道眾生莫不蒙賴。

> At that time, the King of the Golden Land arrived with over ten thousand minor kings. After paying respects to the transformed king, they thought to themselves: "This king may look superior to us, but surely his strength cannot match ours." The transformed king then ordered his minister of war to give a bow to the King of the Golden Land—who could not even lift it. The transformed king took it back, strung it with just one finger, handed it over again, and ordered him to draw it. The King of Golden Land could not draw it at all. The transformed king took it, plucked the string, making the entire universe tremble. He then nocked an arrow, drew the bow and shot. After leaving his hand, the arrow multiplied into five. From the tips of these arrows burst countless rays of light; at the head of each ray of light was a lotus the size of a chariot wheel. On each lotus sat a Universal Monarch, complete with the Seven Jewels, radiating brilliant light that illumined the entire universe. Every living being in the five realms received its benefit.

諸天境界見其光明及聞說法，身心清淨，有得道果第二、第三道者，有發無上正真道意，復有得住不退地者；人道眾生見佛光明及聞所說，心生踊躍，其中有得一道、二道、三道之者，出家入要得應真者，有發無上正真道意，得不退地，不可稱計；餓鬼中者，見佛光明及聞所說，皆得飽滿，身心清淨，無諸熱惱，皆生慈心，恭敬於佛，即得解脫，生人天中；畜生中者，見佛光明，貪欲瞋毒皆得消除，癡心曚冥尋得醒悟，皆悉歡喜，信敬於佛，即得解脫，生人天中；地獄中者，見佛光明，寒則熅煖，熱則清涼，苦痛之處即得休息，身心踊躍，慈敬於佛，即得解脫，生人天中。

> In the heavenly realms, all beings who saw the Buddha’s radiant light and heard his teaching became pure in body and mind. Some attained the second or third stage of enlightenment, some awakened the supreme, genuine aspiration for enlightenment, and others reached the irreversible stage. Among humans, all who saw the Buddha’s light and heard his teachings leaped with joy. Some attained the first, second, or third stage of enlightenment. Those who renounced household life and entered the path achieved arhatship. Innumerable others awakened the supreme, genuine aspiration for enlightenment and reached the irreversible stage. Among hungry ghosts, all who saw the Buddha’s light and heard his teachings became full and satisfied. Their bodies and minds grew pure, free from all suffering and distress. They developed kind hearts, respected the Buddha, and were instantly liberated, reborn in the realms of humans or gods. Among animals, all who saw the Buddha’s light had their greed, anger, and ignorance cleared away. Their dull and confused minds awakened. They all rejoiced, trusted and respected the Buddha, and were instantly liberated, reborn in the realms of humans or gods. Among beings in hell, all who saw the Buddha’s light felt warmth replace cold, and coolness replace heat. In places of torment, their suffering ceased. Their bodies and minds leaped with joy. They felt compassion and respect for the Buddha, were instantly liberated, and reborn in the realms of humans or gods.

爾時摩訶劫賓寧王、金地諸王見斯變已，其心信伏，遠塵離垢，得法眼淨，萬八千王一時皆然。須臾之頃，佛攝神力，還復本形，諸比丘僧前後圍繞。金地王眾求索出家，佛即聽許，鬚髮自墮，袈裟在體，思惟妙法，盡得阿羅漢果。

阿難白佛：「此金地王宿種何德，生在豪尊，功德巍巍，遭值佛世，逮成無漏？」

> Ananda said to the Buddha, "What virtues did this King of Golden Land cultivate in past lives to be born into such noble status, with merits majestic and sublime, encountering the time of a Buddha, and ultimately attaining the state of being free from all defilements?"

佛告阿難：「眾生由行受其果報。乃往過去有迦葉佛，般涅槃後，有一長者為起塔廟，造作堂閣，四供養具。歲月漸久，而塔崩落，床褥、衣食亦復斷絕。其主長者有子比丘，便行勸化人民之類各令減割，用治斯塔，又設飲食、床臥之具，諸人同心咸共供承，因發誓願：『當來之世，富貴長壽，值佛出世，聞法獲證，行報無遺，皆令果成。』」佛告阿難：「爾時長者子比丘者，今金地王摩訶劫賓寧是；其諸人民受道化者，今萬八千諸王是也。」

> The Buddha said to Ananda, “Living beings experience results based on their actions. In the distant past, after the Buddha Kashyapa had entered final nirvana, a wealthy man built a stupa and monastery for him, complete with halls and the four necessary offerings. Over time, the stupa began to crumble, and offerings of bedding, food, and clothing ceased. The wealthy man’s son, who had become a monk, then went to teach and inspire the people. Each person gave a portion of their resources to repair the stupa and provide food, drink, and bedding. United in heart, everyone joined in making offerings, vowing that in future lives, they would be wealthy, noble, and long-lived; that they would meet a Buddha when he appeared in the world; that hearing his teachings, they would gain realization. Thus, their actions would bear fruit without loss, and all their wishes would come true.” The Buddha told Ananda, “The monk who was the wealthy man’s son at that time is now King Jambudvīpa’s Mahā Kapphiṇa. And the people who received and followed the teachings are the eighteen thousand kings of today.”

佛說是法，眾會聞者逮得道證，發心不退，受持至教，歡喜奉行。

> After the Buddha expounded this Dharma, those in the assembly who heard it attained realization of the Way. Their resolve was unwavering as they received and upheld the supreme teachings, joyfully putting them into practice.