---
title: "賢愚經 · 39 優婆斯兄所殺品"
description: "賢愚經是北魏時期由慧覺等高僧共同翻譯編纂的一部佛教經典，屬於本緣部典籍。該經成書於5世紀，收錄了大量佛教故事，通過賢者與愚者的對比，闡述因果業報、修行解脫等佛教核心教義。全經分為十三卷，內容包含佛陀本生故事、弟子因緣及民間佛教傳說，語言通俗易懂，具有濃厚的民間文學色彩。作為漢傳佛教重要經典，賢愚經不僅是研究北魏佛教傳播的重要文獻，也對後世佛教文學、藝術產生了深遠影響，在佛教通俗教化中佔有獨特地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cm9gs15n502kshd0w9i7g9e4m"
---

### （四六）優婆斯兄所殺品第三十九丹本為四十四

> Chapter 39: The Upāsikā Killed by Her Brother<note>Dunhuang version is Chapter 44</note>

如是我聞：

> Thus have I heard:

一時佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。爾時羅閱祇國有估客兄弟，二人共住一處。兄求長者女，欲以為婦，其女年小，未任出適。於時其兄即與眾賈遠至他國，經歷年歲，滯不時還。女年向大，任可嫁處，而語其弟：「卿兄遠行，沒彼不還，汝今宜可納取我女。」其弟答言：「何有是事！我兄存在，不敢有違。」

> Thus I have heard: At one time, the Buddha was staying in the Jeta Grove, in the Garden of the Benefactor of the Orphans and the Solitary, near the city of Shravasti. At that time, in the kingdom of Rajagriha, there were two merchant brothers who lived together. The elder brother sought the daughter of a wealthy elder to be his wife, but the young woman was still too young to marry. So the elder brother set off with a group of merchants to a distant land, traveling for years without returning. As time passed, the young woman grew to marriageable age. The elder said to the younger brother, "Your brother has been gone for so long and has not come back. You should now take my daughter as your wife." The younger brother replied, "How could such a thing be possible! While my brother is still alive, I dare not do anything to betray him."

爾時長者數數陳說，其弟意堅，未曾迴轉。長者不已，詐作遠書，託諸賈客說兄死亡，弟聞兄死，心乃愕然。長者復往，而告之曰：「卿兄已死，女當云何？卿若不取，當思餘計。」弟被急逼，即妻其女，經歷數時，女便懷妊。兄後便乃從他國還，於時其弟聞兄還國，心懷慙懼，逃至舍衛。發跡之後，諸親友輩按其婦腹，墮其胎兒。

> At that time, the elder brother repeatedly urged and persuaded him, but the younger brother's resolve remained firm and unyielding. Seeing this, the elder brother, at his wit's end, resorted to a ruse. He forged a letter from a distant land, entrusting merchants to falsely report that the elder brother had passed away. When the younger brother heard of his brother's death, he was stricken with shock and grief. The elder brother then approached him again and said, "Your brother is no more. What shall be done with the woman? If you do not take her as your wife, you must think of some other plan." Hard-pressed by the urgency of the situation, the younger brother reluctantly married her. Time passed, and the woman became pregnant. Later, the elder brother returned from the foreign land. When the younger brother learned of his return, he was filled with shame and fear, and fled to Shravasti. After he had departed, his relatives and friends pressed upon the woman's belly, causing her to lose the child.

如是展轉，到於佛前，慙愧所逼，求索出家。佛知可度，即時聽許。蒙佛聽已，便成沙門，名優婆斯，奉持律行，精勤不懈，應時便得阿羅漢道，六通清徹，眾智具足。

> Passing thus from life to life, at last he came before the Buddha. Driven by shame and remorse, he begged to be allowed to leave the household life and become a monk. The Buddha, seeing that he was ready to be guided, immediately gave his consent. Once permitted by the Buddha, he became a monk named Upasika. He diligently upheld the precepts, practicing with unwavering effort. In time, he attained the state of an Arhat, with the six supernormal powers fully purified and all wisdom perfectly complete.

時兄到家，見弟已娶其婦，嫉心內忿，往追欲殺，求索推問，云至舍衛。毒恚煩心，即出重募：「誰能取得我弟頭者，當與重賞金五百兩。」

時有一人來應其募：「我能往取其頭。」兄即出金，用募其人，相將俱進，至舍衛國。到彼，見弟坐禪思惟，於時彼人欻生慈心，而作是念：「我當云何殺此比丘？吾設不殺，當奪我金。」引弓欲射，當挽弓時，向彼比丘，至於放矢，乃中其兄。

其兄懷恚，憤惱而死，後更受身作毒蛇形，生彼道人戶樞之中，毒心未歇，規當害之。戶數開閉，撽身而死。既死之後，未能改操，遂願更作小形毒蟲，依彼道人屋間而住，伺其道人端坐之時，從屋間下，墮其頂上，惡毒猛熾，即殺比丘。

時舍利弗見斯事已，往至佛所，而白佛言：「彼死比丘本作何緣，今現得道，被毒而死？唯願世尊當見開示。」

佛告舍利弗：「善聽！善念！吾當為汝具分別說。乃往過去無數世中，有辟支佛出現於世，處在山林，修遂其志。時有獵師恒捕禽獸，施設方計，望伺苟得。時辟支佛驚其禽獸，令其獵師伺捕不得，便懷瞋恚，懊惱憤結，即以毒箭射辟支佛。時辟支佛心愍此人，欲令改悔，為現神足——所謂飛行履虛，屈伸舒戢，出沒自在，具足變現。於時獵師見是事已，心懷敬仰，恐怖自責，歸誠謝過，求哀懺悔。時辟支佛受其懺悔，懺悔已竟，被毒而死。其人命終便墮地獄，既出地獄，五百世中常被毒死，至于今日，得阿羅漢道，猶為毒蟲見螫斷命。由興惡意，即還懺悔，而發誓願：『使我來世遭值聖師，所得神足如今者。』故今得值我，蒙獲道法。」

爾時舍利弗及與眾會，聞佛所說，歡喜奉行。