---
title: "大莊嚴論經 · 69"
description: "大莊嚴論經是古印度著名佛教論師馬鳴菩薩所造的一部重要佛教經典，由後秦時期高僧鳩摩羅什翻譯為漢文。該經成書於公元1-2世紀，屬於大乘佛教早期論典，以詩偈與散文相間的形式闡述佛法要義。內容主要圍繞佛陀本生故事與菩薩修行展開，通過生動譬喻闡明因果業報、六度波羅蜜等核心教義，強調發菩提心與積累功德的重要性。作為大乘佛教重要論著，該經對漢傳佛教思想發展產生深遠影響，被歷代高僧視為修學菩薩道的重要指南，在佛教典籍中具有崇高地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cm9u0sj39082ilb0vj8ctg123"
---

### （六九）

復次，憶僧功德善能觀察，乃捨身命猶發善心。

我昔曾聞，釋迦牟尼為菩薩時，作六牙白象。時王夫人於象有怨，即募遣人指示象處語令取牙。時所遣人往至彼象所止之處，見六牙白象猶如伊羅撥象，離諸群輩與一牸象別住一處。即說偈言：

「蓮花優鉢羅，清水滿大池，如是之方所，得見於龍象，拘陳白色花，其狀如乳雪，皆同於白色，猶如大白山，有脚能行動。彼之大象王，其色猶如月，六牙從口出，照曜甚莊嚴，如白蓮花聚，近看彼象牙，猶如白藕根。」

> Where lotus and blue lotus bloom, a great pool filled with clear water— In such a place, one may behold the dragon-elephant. White kovidāra flowers, pure as milk and snow, All share the same bright hue, like a great white mountain, Yet they have feet and move. That great elephant king, His color like the moon, six tusks emerging from his mouth, Shining with majestic light, like a cluster of white lotuses; Looking closely at those tusks, they resemble white lotus roots.

時彼獵師身被袈裟，掖挾弓箭，屏樹徐步向彼象所。爾時牸象見彼獵師掖挾弓箭，語象王言：「彼脫相害。」象王問言：「彼挾弓箭為著何服？」牸象答言：「身著袈裟。」象王語言：「身被袈裟，何所怖畏？」即說偈言：

> At that time, the hunter, draped in a monastic robe and carrying a bow and arrows, moved quietly through the trees toward the elephants. Seeing him approach with his bow and arrows, the female elephant said to the elephant king, "He may harm us." The elephant king asked, "What is he wearing while carrying his bow and arrows?" The female elephant replied, "He is wearing a monastic robe." The elephant king said, "If he is wearing a monastic robe, what is there to fear?" And he spoke this verse:

「如是之幢相，不害於外物，內有慈悲心，常救護一切，是故彼人所，不應生怖畏。見者獲安隱，寂然得勝妙，如月有清涼，終不變於熱。」

> "Such a banner-marked one, who harms no other being, holds compassion within, ever protecting all. Therefore, one should not fear such a person. Seeing them brings peace, serene and sublime, like the moon's cool light, never turning to heat."

爾時牸象聞是偈已更不驚疑。時彼獵師入稠林間伺候其便，即以毒箭射中象王。時彼牸象語象王言：「爾稱袈裟必有慈悲，云何今者作如此事？」爾時象王，即說偈言：

> At that moment, the female elephant, having heard this verse, was no longer alarmed or suspicious. Just then, the hunter, hiding in the dense forest, seized the opportunity and shot the elephant king with a poisoned arrow. The female elephant then said to the elephant king, "You claimed that the monk's robe brings compassion—how could you do such a thing now?" The elephant king then spoke this verse:

「此是解脫服，煩惱心所作，遠離於慈悲，悉非衣服過。如銅真金塗，陶鍊始知雜，誑惑諸凡夫，愚者謂為真。智者善分別，知是金塗銅，惡心弓箭故，是以傷害我。袈裟善寂服，乃是惡心眾，若善觀察者，袈裟恒善服。」

> "This is the robe of liberation, fashioned by the mind free from afflictions, Far removed from compassion, yet not a fault of the robe itself. Like copper coated with true gold, only through refining is its impurity known, It deceives ordinary beings, and the foolish take it for genuine. The wise discern clearly, knowing it is gold-plated copper, With the arrows of malice, they thus inflict harm upon me. The kasaya, the robe of serene virtue, is worn by those of malicious intent, But for one who observes wisely, the kasaya remains a robe of goodness."

爾時牸象甚懷瞋忿，語象王言：「汝言大善！我不能忍，不隨爾語。欲取彼人以解支節。」菩薩象王語牸象言：「不治結使心則如是，汝莫瞋恚作如是語，不應於彼生於忿怒。」即說偈言：

> At that moment, the female elephant was filled with rage and said to the elephant king, "Your words sound noble, but I cannot bear it. I will not follow your advice. I want to seize that person and tear him limb from limb." The Bodhisattva elephant king replied to the female elephant, "An untamed mind driven by afflictions speaks like this. Do not give in to such anger. You should not harbor such rage toward him." Then he spoke this verse:

「如人鬼入心，癡狂毀罵醫，醫師治於鬼，不責病苦人。結使亦如鬼，無明所覆故，能生貪瞋癡，但當除煩惱，何須責彼人？若我成菩提，名稱遍三界，諂偽諸結使，念定勤精進，以滅於結使，以智錐鑱利，斷絕彼諸結，必當令乾竭，燒滅使無餘。我將來必當，苦惱殘滅之。」

> Just as a person possessed by a ghost raves and curses the doctor, the physician treats the ghost, not blaming the afflicted person. So too are the defilements like ghosts, veiled by ignorance— they give rise to greed, anger, and delusion. We should only remove these afflictions; why blame the person? When I attain enlightenment, my name will spread throughout the three realms. Through mindfulness, concentration, and diligent effort, I will eradicate the deceitful defilements. With the sharp awl of wisdom, I will cut through all these bonds, dry them up completely, and burn them away without a trace. I will surely, in time, destroy these sources of suffering.

菩薩象王說是偈時，牸象默然。時諸群象咸皆來集，菩薩象王作是思惟：「彼諸象等得無傷害於彼人乎？」作是念已，向獵師所語彼獵人：「向我腹下我覆護汝。彼諸象等脫加傷害，即遣諸象各皆使去。」語獵師言：「汝所須者今隨汝取。」時彼獵師聞是語已作是思惟：「如我今者無有慈心，不如彼象。」涕泣啼哭。象王問言：「汝何故哭？」獵師答言：「逼惱故哭。」象王語言：「我恐諸象傷害汝故喚汝腹下，非我身體壓於汝耶？」答言：「不也，非身壓我。」又復語言：「非此牸象出於惡語觸惱於汝，使汝哭耶？」答言：「亦無惡言來惱於我，乃以今有大慈悲道德之故。我以惡心毒箭害汝，汝乃以慈心恐畏諸象而見傷害覆我腹下。我以此事逼惱我心，畏故哭耳。」即說偈言：

> When the Bodhisattva Elephant King finished speaking this verse, the female elephant fell silent. At that moment, all the elephants of the herd gathered around. The Bodhisattva Elephant King thought to himself: "I hope these elephants do not harm that man." Having thought this, he went to the hunter's location and said to him, "Come under my belly, and I will protect you. If the other elephants try to harm you, I will send them all away." Then he told the hunter, "Take whatever you need." Hearing this, the hunter thought to himself: "I have no compassion in my heart, unlike this elephant." He began to weep. The Elephant King asked, "Why are you crying?" The hunter replied, "I am crying out of distress." The Elephant King said, "Did I call you under my belly out of fear that the other elephants would harm you, and then accidentally crush you with my body?" The hunter answered, "No, you did not crush me." The Elephant King asked again, "Did this female elephant speak harshly and upset you, making you cry?" The hunter replied, "No harsh words troubled me. It is because of your great compassion and virtuous conduct. I harmed you with a poisoned arrow out of malice, yet you, out of kindness, feared the other elephants might hurt me and sheltered me under your belly. This is what distresses my heart—I weep out of fear and shame." Then he spoke this verse:

「我今以毒箭，傷害象王身，汝以慈道德，而用傷我心。害心傷可愈，今傷汝道德，愚心瘡難復。汝德如大海，誰說能使盡？傷害汝命者，安慰慈覆護，若說而言之，我形雖是人，都無慈仁德，空有是屍骸，有劇於畜獸，相貌如似人，作惡劇畜生。汝雖受獸身，道德人中上，形相雖非人，道德乃是人。」

> "Today I have wounded the elephant king's body with a poisoned arrow, Yet you, with your virtue of compassion, have wounded my heart. Physical wounds can heal, but now I have wounded your virtue— The scar on my foolish heart is hard to mend. Your virtue is as vast as the ocean— Who could ever exhaust it? You who were harmed, comforted and covered me with compassion. If I speak truthfully, Though I have the form of a human, I lack all compassion and virtue. I am but an empty corpse, more vicious than beasts. My appearance may be human, but my deeds are worse than an animal's. Though you bear the body of a beast, your virtue stands above humankind. Your form may not be human, but your virtue truly is."

菩薩象王問獵師言：「汝速答我！汝以何事而來射我？」獵師答言：「為王所使，於汝身分少有所取，非我自心來傷害汝。」象王答言：「如有所須汝今疾取。」爾時象王即說偈言：

> The Bodhisattva Elephant King asked the hunter, "Answer me quickly: Why have you come to shoot me?" The hunter replied, "I was sent by the king to take a small part from your body. It is not my own heart that seeks to harm you." The Elephant King responded, "If you need something, take it quickly now." Then the Elephant King spoke this verse:

「汝欲有所須，張手速受之，諸發菩薩心，一切無悋惜，隨汝所須者，悉當捨與汝，須牙即與牙，恣汝拔斷取，我以濟救故，由此受是形，一切我皆捨，所須隨意取，我為利己者，速能至涅槃，為諸眾生故，三有中受身，為諸種智故，悲救以為因。」

> "If you have any need, open your hand and quickly receive it. All who have awakened the Bodhisattva heart hold nothing back. Whatever you require, I will give it to you without hesitation. If you need my teeth, I will offer them—take them as you wish. I have taken this form for the sake of helping others. I give up everything; take what you need freely. For my own benefit, I could swiftly reach Nirvana, but for the sake of all beings, I take birth in the three realms. For the sake of perfect wisdom, compassion and salvation are my cause."

獵師慚恥作如是言：「為王所使來取汝牙。」象王答言：「隨汝意取勿生疑難。」獵師答言：「我實不能拔取汝牙。」即說偈言：

> The hunter, ashamed, replied, "I was sent by the king to take your tusks." The elephant king answered, "Take them as you wish, do not hesitate." The hunter replied, "I truly cannot pull out your tusks," and then spoke this verse:

「汝慈心盈滿，我畏彼慈父，若拔汝牙者，我手必墮落。」

> "Your heart overflows with compassion, yet I fear that loving father. If I were to pull your teeth, my own hands would surely fall away."

爾時象王語獵師言：「汝若畏者當與汝拔。」作是語已以鼻絞牙，牙根極深久乃拔出，時彼象王血大流出，即說偈言：

> At that moment, the elephant king said to the hunter, "If you are afraid, I will pull it out for you." After saying this, he used his trunk to grip the arrow. The arrowhead was deeply embedded, and it took a long time to pull it out. Blood flowed profusely from the elephant king, and he then spoke these verses:

「拔牙處血出，從膊而流下，象王極福利，其白如鉢頭，拘勿頭花等，積聚為大聚，時彼諸花聚，白如象王身，又似大石山，白雪覆其上，譬如高山頂，赤朱流來下。」

> Blood flowed from the place where the tooth was pulled, streaming down from the shoulder. The elephant king was supremely blessed, his body as white as a conch shell. Like a great heap of kumuda flowers piled high, the mass of flowers at that time was as white as the elephant king's body. It resembled a great mountain of stone, covered with white snow, or like crimson cinnabar flowing down from a high mountain peak.

爾時象王苦痛戰掉，尚自安慰。時有一天，即說偈言：

> At that moment, the elephant king, trembling in agony, still comforted himself. Then a heavenly being spoke these verses:

「心當堅安住，莫為愚癡悶，當觀苦惱眾，云何可濟拔？世界皆有死，汝當為拯拔，當持堅牢志，莫生憂惱心。」天人阿修羅，乾闥婆夜叉，滿於虛空中，歎說未曾有。天神作是言：「昔來極希有，能為難苦事。拔牙極大苦，受痛於當今，內心向菩提，求於最勝果，終無退轉意。」

> Keep your heart steadfast and at peace, do not be troubled by ignorance. Look upon those who suffer—how can they be rescued? All beings in this world face death; you must strive to save them. Hold firm your resolve, do not give way to sorrow. Gods, asuras, gandharvas, and yakshas filled the sky, praising what had never been seen before. The heavenly beings said: "From ancient times, this has been exceedingly rare— to endure such hardship, to bear the great pain of pulling out a tooth, to suffer agony in the present moment, yet to turn the mind toward enlightenment, to seek the supreme fruit, and never to retreat or turn back."

復有天神語彼天言：「如此菩薩終無退轉。」復說偈言：

> Another heavenly being then said to that god, "This Bodhisattva will never regress." And he spoke these verses:

「知子拔牙苦，悲念於地獄。」

> Knowing the pain of pulling a child's tooth, I grieve for those in hell.

時彼象王既拔牙已，默然而住。爾時獵師作是思惟：「拔牙著地將無悔耶？而不施我？」象王知念安慰共語，即說偈言：

> The elephant king, having pulled out his tusks, stood there in silence. The hunter then thought to himself, "He has pulled out his tusks and placed them on the ground—surely he won't regret it and refuse to give them to me?" Knowing his thoughts, the elephant king spoke to comfort him, and uttered this verse:

「牙如拘勿頭，亦似白藕根，六牙盡施汝，諸牙中最上，施汝使安樂。小待我責心，漸使苦痛息，使我於汝所，得敬重信心。假使汝意謂，我是極惡人，殺盜婬欺汝，偽詐不善具。聽我答汝意，汝可作眾惡，害心弓利箭，我皆忘不憶，唯憶敬袈裟，見之心敬信。施者及受者，有淨有不淨，我今是施主，悉具於清淨，待我料理心，使果報廣大，乃當施於汝。」

爾時象王語獵師言：「此袈裟者是離欲幢，由我尊重敬心視之。」以鼻擎牙授與獵師，即說偈言：

> At that moment, the elephant king said to the hunter, "This robe is the banner of liberation from desire. I regard it with reverence and deep respect." With his trunk, he lifted his tusks and offered them to the hunter, then spoke these verses:

「我今真實語，毒箭射我身，無有微恨心，加惡報於汝。以是實語因，速疾證菩提，度脫諸眾生，如是諸苦惱。」

> "I speak these true words now, though a poisoned arrow pierces my body, I hold not the slightest hatred, nor return evil upon you. By this truth, may I swiftly attain enlightenment, To liberate all beings from such suffering and distress."

說是偈已即便以牙施與獵師。以何因緣而引此喻？過去無量百千身中，常作如是難捨之施，本作誓願欲成願果，欲使諸有眾生所受苦惱使得本道，欲使人解，自守清淨心生信敬，是故引此方喻。