佛說阿難同學經(出增一阿含經)
The Sutra on Ananda and His Fellow Practitioners (Excerpted from the Ekottara Agama)
後漢安息國三藏安世高譯
Translation by An Shigao, Tripitaka Master from Parthia, Later Han Dynasty
聞如是：
Thus have I heard:
一時，婆伽婆在舍衛城祇樹給孤獨園。爾時，舍衛城有比丘名掘多，是尊者阿難少小同學，甚愛敬念、親昵，未曾恚怒，然不樂修梵行，欲得捨戒還為白衣。是時阿難，至世尊所，到已頭面禮足，在一面立。時阿難白世尊言：「於此舍衛城，有比丘名曰掘多，是我少小同學，不堪任修梵行，欲捨戒還為白衣。願世尊與掘多比丘說法，使於此現法中清淨修梵行！」
At one time, the World-Honored One was in the city of Śrāvastī, at the Jeta Grove, in Anāthapiṇḍada’s Park.
At that time, in Śrāvastī, there was a monk named Kuḍḍha. He had been a close friend of the Ven. Ānanda since they were young, deeply cherished, respected, and intimate, without any anger between them. However, he did not delight in living the holy life and wished to give up his precepts and return to lay life.
Then Ānanda went to the World-Honored One, bowed his head at the Buddha’s feet, and stood to one side. Ānanda said to the World-Honored One: “In this city of Śrāvastī, there is a monk named Kuḍḍha, who has been my close friend since childhood. He is unable to endure the holy life and wishes to give up his precepts to return to lay life. May the World-Honored One teach the Dharma for the monk Kuḍḍha, so that he may live a pure and holy life in this very life!”
時，世尊告阿難：「阿難！汝自往詣彼掘多比丘所。」對曰：「如是。世尊！」阿難從佛受教，便至掘多比丘所。「世尊呼？」對曰：「如是。」時，掘多比丘從阿難教，至世尊所，到已頭面禮足，在一面坐。
## The World-Honored One Calls for Kumara
Then, the World-Honored One said to Ananda, "Ananda, go and call the monk Kumara to come here."
"Yes, World-Honored One," replied Ananda, and following the Buddha's instruction, he went to where the monk Kumara was.
"The World-Honored One summons you," said Ananda.
"Yes, sir," replied Kumara.
Then, in accordance with Ananda's words, the monk Kumara went to where the World-Honored One was. Upon arriving, he bowed his head at the Buddha's feet and sat down to one side.
時，世尊告掘多比丘言：「云何比丘汝審不樂修梵行，欲捨禁戒還為白衣耶？」
比丘報言：「審然，世尊！所以然者？身熾盛意亦熾盛，不堪任清淨修梵行。」
世尊告曰：「比丘！女人有五穢行。云何為五？比丘！女人臭穢，言語麁獷，無反復心，猶如蚖虵常懷毒垢；此女人，增益魔眾，難得解脫，亦如鈎鎖。女人不可親近，猶如雜毒不可食；女人不可消，亦如金剛壞敗人身；比丘！亦如火炎，猶彼阿鼻泥黎。比丘！女人不可觀察，猶彼臭糞；比丘！女人不可聽聞，猶如死嚮；比丘！女人如牢獄，猶如鞞摩質多牢獄(阿須繫輪)；比丘！女人是怨家，亦如蚖虵，比丘當遠離，猶惡知識；比丘！女人為恐怖，猶賊村落。比丘！人身難得，猶優曇鉢花；比丘！人身甚難得，猶彼板一孔，推著水中數萬歲乃值其孔。比丘！時亦難遇，除其八時。汝比丘已得人身，皆是本行所造。比丘！佛世尊出世甚難遇，猶如石女無子；比丘！如來出世甚難遇，亦如優曇鉢花。比丘！已得人身，已得受具足戒，亦得入眾，猶彼蒙尊國王，亦為人說法，休息止觀至涅槃界，至彼處，如來善說此法。汝比丘淨修梵行，當盡苦原。」
時，彼比丘從佛受是教誡，即從坐上，無有塵垢，得法眼淨。時，彼比丘即從坐起，頭面禮世尊足，便退而去。爾時，彼比丘聞世尊說是教誡，在一閑靜處而自娛樂。已在閑靜處，而自娛樂，所以，族姓子剃除鬚髮，著袈裟衣，於如來所修無上梵行，盡生死原，梵行已立，所作已辦，更不復受母胎。是時，彼比丘即成阿羅漢。
時，尊者掘多至世尊所，到已頭面禮足，在一面坐。時，尊者掘多白世尊言：「世尊！所教誡今已還覺，願世尊聽般涅槃！」時，世尊默然不對。尊者掘多比丘再三白世尊言：「世尊！所教今已還覺，願世尊聽般涅槃！」時，世尊告曰：「比丘！今正是時。」彼比丘即從坐起，頭面禮足，繞世尊三匝，便退而去，還詣己房。到已除去坐具，於露地布坐具，便昇虛空，現若干變化：或化一身為若干身，或化若干身為一身；或為石鐵，或為金剛，或為牆壁城郭，或為高山石壁，皆過無礙，出沒於地，譬如流水而無罣礙；結加趺坐，滿虛空中，譬如大火炎，亦如飛鳥，猶如此日月，有大威神，有大力勢；以手摩抆，化身至梵天，於虛空中，坐臥經行，或現煙炎，身下出煙身上出火，身上出煙身下出火，左出煙右出火，右出煙左出火，前出煙後出炎，後出煙前出炎，舉身出煙，舉身出炎，舉身出火。時，彼比丘還斂神足，身就獨坐，結加趺坐，直身正意，繫念在前，便入初禪。從初禪起，入第二禪，從二禪起，入第三禪，從三禪起，入第四禪，從第四禪起，入空處，從空處起，入識處，從識處起，入不用處，從不用處起，入有想無想，從有想無想起，入想知滅三昧；從想知滅三昧起，入有想、無想、不用處、識處空處、四禪、三禪、二禪、初禪；復從初禪起，入第二禪、第三禪。時，尊者掘多從第四禪起，便捨身壽，於無餘涅槃界便般涅槃。
時，阿難供養尊者掘多舍利，至世尊所，到已頭面禮足，在一面立。時阿難白世尊言：「彼掘多比丘者，從如來受教誡，在閑靜處而自娛樂，所以，族姓子剃除鬚髮，著三法衣，已信堅固，出家學道，修無上梵行，盡生死原，梵行已立，所作已辦，更不受母胎。世尊！彼尊者掘多已般涅槃。」
世尊告曰：「甚奇，甚特！阿難！佛世尊成就無量智慧，能使掘多比丘濟生死淵。此，阿難！如來所行已足，況度無數百千眾生濟生死淵及餘當拔濟者？是故，阿難！當發茲意於佛、於法、於眾。如是，阿難！當作是學。」
是時，尊者阿難聞佛所說，歡喜奉行。
佛說阿難同學經