---
title: "中阿含經 · 79 有勝天經"
description: "中阿含经是佛教重要经典之一，由东晋时期译经师瞿昙僧伽提婆翻译。该经属于原始佛教阿含部经典，收录于汉传佛教大藏经中，与长阿含经、杂阿含经、增一阿含经并称四阿含。内容主要记载佛陀与弟子们的对话，涵盖佛教基本教义如四谛、八正道、十二因缘等核心思想。经文以中篇形式呈现，结构严谨，是研究早期佛教教理的重要文献。作为原始佛教经典，中阿含经在佛教史上具有重要地位，为后世各宗派共同尊奉，对理解佛陀原始教法具有不可替代的价值。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma7j42q902qljl0aafas9c9n"
---

### （七九）中阿含長壽王品有勝天經第八第二小土城誦

> "Chapter 79: The Longer Agama, Longevity King Chapter, Superior Heaven Sutra, Part 8"

我聞如是：

> Thus have I heard:

一時，佛遊舍衛國，在勝林給孤獨園。

> Once, the Buddha was traveling in the country of Shravasti, staying at the Jeta Grove in Anathapindika's Park.

於是，仙餘財主告一使人：「汝往詣佛，為我稽首，禮世尊足，問訊世尊聖體康強，安快無病，起居輕便，氣力如常耶？作如是語：『仙餘財主稽首佛足，問訊世尊聖體康強，安快無病，起居輕便，氣力如常耶？』汝既為我問訊佛已，往詣尊者阿那律陀所，為我稽首禮彼足已，問訊尊者聖體康強，安快無病，起居輕便，氣力如常不？作如是語：『仙餘財主稽首尊者阿那律陀足，問訊尊者聖體康強，安快無病，起居輕便，氣力如常不？仙餘財主請尊者阿那律陀四人俱，供明日食。』若受請者，復作是語：『尊者阿那律陀！仙餘財主多事多為，為王眾事斷理臣佐，唯願尊者阿那律陀為慈愍故，與四人俱，明日早來至仙餘財主家。』」

> Then, the wealthy householder Xianyu instructed a messenger, saying: "Go to the Buddha. Bow your head in respect at the feet of the World-Honored One, and inquire after his well-being. Ask if the World-Honored One is in good health, free from illness, comfortable in his daily activities, and strong as usual. Say these words: 'The householder Xianyu bows his head at the Buddha's feet and inquires: Is the World-Honored One in good health, free from illness, comfortable in his daily activities, and strong as usual?' "After you have conveyed my greetings to the Buddha, go to the Venerable Aniruddha. Bow your head in respect at his feet, and inquire after his well-being. Ask if the Venerable One is in good health, free from illness, comfortable in his daily activities, and strong as usual. Say these words: 'The householder Xianyu bows his head at the feet of the Venerable Aniruddha and inquires: Is the Venerable One in good health, free from illness, comfortable in his daily activities, and strong as usual? The householder Xianyu invites the Venerable Aniruddha, along with three others, to accept tomorrow's meal offering.' "If he accepts the invitation, then add this: 'Venerable Aniruddha, the householder Xianyu has many duties and responsibilities, serving the king and managing affairs for his ministers. I sincerely hope, out of your compassion, Venerable Aniruddha, that you will come early tomorrow morning to the householder Xianyu's home, accompanied by three others.'"

於是，使人受仙餘財主教已，往詣佛所，稽首佛足，却住一面，白曰：「世尊！仙餘財主稽首佛足，問訊世尊聖體康強，安快無病，起居輕便，氣力如常耶？」

> Then the man, having received the teachings of the wealthy elder Xianyu, went to where the Buddha was. He bowed his head at the Buddha's feet, stood to one side, and said: "World-Honored One! The wealthy elder Xianyu bows his head at the Buddha's feet and asks whether the World-Honored One's holy body is healthy, at ease, free from illness, moving lightly, and with strength as usual?"

爾時，世尊告使人曰：「令仙餘財主安隱快樂，令天及人、阿修羅、揵塔和、羅剎及餘種種身安隱快樂。」

> At that time, the World-Honored One said to the messenger, "May the wealthy landowner Xianyu be peaceful and happy, and may devas, humans, asuras, gandharvas, rakshasas, and all other beings of various forms be peaceful and happy."

於是，使人聞佛所說，善受善持，稽首佛足，繞三匝而去，往詣尊者阿那律陀所，稽首禮足，却坐一面，白曰：「尊者阿那律陀！仙餘財主稽首尊者阿那律陀足，問訊尊者聖體康強，安快無病，起居輕便，氣力如常不？仙餘財主請尊者阿那律陀四人俱，供明日食。」

> Then, having heard the Buddha's teaching, the man received it well and upheld it carefully. He bowed at the Buddha's feet, circumambulated him three times, and departed. He went to the Venerable Aniruddha, bowed at his feet with respect, and sat down to one side. He said, "Venerable Aniruddha, the wealthy benefactor Xianyu pays his respects at your feet. He inquires whether your noble body is strong, at ease, free from illness, light and agile in daily life, and whether your vitality is as usual. The wealthy benefactor Xianyu invites the Venerable Aniruddha, together with three others, to offer a meal tomorrow."

是時，尊者真迦旃延去尊者阿那律陀不遠而燕坐也。於是，尊者阿那律陀告曰：「賢者迦旃延！我向所道，明日我等為乞食故，入舍衛國，正謂此也。今仙餘財主遣人請我等四人，供明日食。」

> At that time, the Venerable Mahākātyāyana was seated in solitary meditation not far from the Venerable Anuruddha. Then the Venerable Anuruddha said to him: "Friend Kātyāyana, what I mentioned earlier about going into Sāvatthī tomorrow for alms—that is indeed the case. Now the wealthy landowner Seniya has sent someone to invite the four of us for a meal tomorrow."

尊者真迦旃延即時白曰：「願尊者阿那律陀為彼人故，默然受請。我等明日出此闇林，為乞食故，入舍衛國。」尊者阿那律陀為彼人故，默然而受。

> Venerable Mahākātyāyana then said, "I respectfully ask Venerable Aniruddha to silently accept the invitation for that person's sake. Tomorrow, we will leave this dark grove and enter Śrāvastī for alms." Venerable Aniruddha, for that person's sake, silently accepted.

於是，使人知尊者阿那律陀默然受已，尋復白曰：「仙餘財主白尊者阿那律陀！仙餘財主多事多為，為王眾事斷理臣佐，願尊者阿那律陀為慈愍故，與四人俱，明日早來，至仙餘財主家。」

> Thus, the messenger understood that the Venerable Anuruddha had silently accepted the invitation. He then said, "The wealthy landowner Xianyu respectfully invites the Venerable Anuruddha. As the landowner is busy with many affairs, handling matters for the king and serving as an advisor, he humbly requests that the Venerable Anuruddha, out of compassion, come with four companions tomorrow morning to his home."

尊者阿那律陀告使人曰：「汝便還去，我自知時。」於是，使人即從坐起，稽首作禮，繞三匝而去。

於是，尊者阿那律陀過夜平旦，著衣持鉢，四人共俱，往詣仙餘財主家。爾時，仙餘財主婇女圍遶，住中門下，待尊者阿那律陀。仙餘財主遙見尊者阿那律陀來，見已，叉手向尊者阿那律陀，讚曰：「善來尊者阿那律陀！尊者阿那律陀久不來此。」於是，仙餘財主敬心扶抱尊者阿那律陀，將入家中，為敷好床，請使令坐。

尊者阿那律陀即坐其床，仙餘財主稽首尊者阿那律陀足，却坐一面，坐已，白曰：「尊者阿那律陀！欲有所問，唯願見聽。」

尊者阿那律陀告曰：「財主！隨汝所問，聞已當思。」

仙餘財主便問尊者阿那律陀：「或有沙門、梵志來至我所，語我：『財主！汝當修大心解脫。』尊者阿那律陀！復有沙門、梵志來至我所，語我：『財主！汝當修無量心解脫。』尊者阿那律陀！大心解脫、無量心解脫，此二解脫，為文異義異耶？為一義文異耶？」

尊者阿那律陀告曰：「財主！汝前問此事，汝先自答，我當後答。」

仙餘財主白曰：「尊者阿那律陀！大心解脫、無量心解脫，此二解脫一義文異，仙餘財主不能答此事。」

尊者阿那律陀告曰：「財主！當聽我為汝說大心解脫、無量心解脫。大心解脫者，若有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，依一樹意解大心解脫遍滿成就遊，彼齊限是心解脫不過是。若不依一樹者，當依二三樹，意解大心解脫遍滿成就遊，彼齊限是心解脫不過是。若不依二三樹者，當依一林，若不依一林者，當依二三林，若不依二三林者，當依一村，若不依一村者，當依二三村，若不依二三村者，當依一國，若不依一國者，當依二三國，若不依二三國者，當依此大地乃至大海。意解大心解脫遍滿成就遊，彼齊限是心解脫不過是，是謂大心解脫。

「財主！云何無量心解脫？若有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，心與慈俱，遍滿一方成就遊，如是二三四方、四維上下，普周一切，心與慈俱，無結無怨，無恚無諍，極廣甚大，無量善修遍滿一切世間成就遊；如是悲、喜心與捨俱，無結無怨，無恚無諍，極廣甚大，無量善修遍滿一切世間成就遊，是謂無量心解脫。財主！大心解脫，無量心解脫，此二解脫為義異文異，為一義文異耶？」

仙餘財主白尊者阿那律陀曰：「如我從尊者聞，則解其義，此二解脫義既異文亦異。」

尊者阿那律陀告曰：「財主！有三種天，光天、淨光天、遍淨光天。於中光天者，彼生在一處，不作是念：『此我所有，彼我所有。』但光天隨其所往，即樂彼中。財主！猶如蠅在肉段，不作是念：『此我所有，彼我所有。』但蠅隨肉段去，即樂彼中。如是彼光天不作是念：『此我所有，彼我所有。』但光天隨其所往，即樂彼中。有時光天集在一處，雖身有異而光不異。財主！猶如有人然無量燈，著一室中，彼燈雖異而光不異。如是彼光天集在一處，雖身有異而光不異。有時光天各自散去，彼各散去時，其身既異，光明亦異。財主！猶如有人從一室中出眾多燈，分著諸室，彼燈即異，光明亦異。如是彼光天各自散去，彼各散去時，其身既異，光明亦異。」

於是，尊者真迦旃延白曰：「尊者阿那律陀！彼光天生在一處，可知有勝如、妙不妙耶？」

尊者阿那律陀答曰：「賢者迦旃延！可說彼光天生在一處，知有勝如、妙與不妙。」

尊者真迦旃延復問曰：「尊者阿那律陀！彼光天生在一處，何因何緣知有勝如、妙與不妙耶？」

尊者阿那律陀答曰：「賢者迦旃延。若有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，依一樹，意解作光明想成就遊，心作光明想極盛，彼齊限是心解脫不過是。若不依一樹者，或依二三樹，意解作光明想成就遊，心作光明想極盛，彼齊限是心解脫不過是。賢者迦旃延！此二心解脫，何解脫為上、為勝、為妙、為最耶？」

尊者真迦旃延答曰：「尊者阿那律陀！若有沙門、梵志不依一樹者，或依二三樹，意解作光明想成就遊，心作光明想極盛，彼齊限是心解脫不過是。尊者阿那律陀！二解脫中，此解脫為上、為勝、為妙、為最。」

尊者阿那律陀復問曰：「賢者迦旃延！若不依二三樹者，或依一林，若不依一林者，或依二三林，若不依二三林者，或依一村，若不依一村者，或依二三村，若不依二三村者，或依一國，若不依一國者，或依二三國，若不依二三國者，或依此大地乃至大海。意解作光明想成就遊，心作光明想極盛，彼齊限是心解脫不過是。賢者迦旃延！此二解脫，何解脫為上、為勝、為妙、為最？」

尊者真迦旃延答曰：「尊者阿那律陀！若有沙門、梵志不依二三樹者，或依一林，若不依一林者，或依二三林，若不依二三林者，或依一村，若不依一村者，或依二三村，若不依二三村者，或依一國，若不依一國者，或依二三國，若不依二三國者，或依此大地乃至大海。意解作光明想成就遊，心作光明想極盛，彼齊限是心解脫不過是。尊者阿那律陀！二解脫中此解脫為上、為勝、為妙、為最。」

尊者阿那律陀告曰：「迦旃延！因是緣是，彼光天生在一處，知有勝如、妙與不妙。所以者何？因人心勝如故，修便有精麤，因修有精麤故，得人則有勝如。賢者迦旃延！世尊亦如是說，人有勝如。」

尊者真迦旃延復問曰：「尊者阿那律陀！彼淨光天生在一處，可知有勝如、妙與不妙耶？」

尊者阿那律陀答曰：「賢者迦旃延！可說彼淨光天生在一處，知有勝如、妙與不妙。」

尊者真迦旃延復問曰：「尊者阿那律陀！彼淨光天生在一處，何因何緣，知有勝如、妙與不妙耶？」

尊者阿那律陀答曰：「賢者迦旃延！若有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，意解淨光天遍滿成就遊，彼此定不修、不習、不廣，不極成就。彼於後時，身壞命終，生淨光天中。彼生已，不得極止息，不得極寂靜，亦不得盡壽訖。賢者迦旃延！猶青蓮華，紅、赤、白蓮，水生水長，在水底時，爾時根、莖、葉、華，彼一切水漬水澆，水所潤，無處不漬。賢者迦旃延！若有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，意解淨光天遍滿成就遊，彼此定不修、不習、不廣，不極成就，彼身壞命終，生淨光天中。彼生已，不得極止息，不得極寂靜，亦不得盡壽訖。

「賢者迦旃延！復有沙門、梵志意解淨光天遍滿成就遊，彼此定數修、數習、數廣，極成就，彼身壞命終，生淨光天中。彼生已，得極止息，得極寂靜，亦得壽盡訖。賢者迦旃延！猶青蓮華，紅、赤、白蓮，水生水長，出水上住，水所不漬。賢者迦旃延！如是復有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，意解淨光天遍滿成就遊，彼此定數修、數習、數廣，極成就，彼身壞命終，生淨光天中。彼生已，得極止息，得極寂靜，亦得壽盡訖。

「賢者迦旃延！因是緣是，彼淨光天生在一處，知有勝如、妙與不妙。所以者何？因人心勝如故，修便有精麤，因修有精麤故，得人則有勝如。賢者迦旃延！世尊亦如是說，人有勝如。」

尊者真迦旃延復問曰：「尊者阿那律陀！彼遍淨光天生在一處，可知有勝如、妙與不妙耶？」

尊者阿那律陀答曰：「賢者迦旃延！可說彼遍淨光天生在一處，知有勝如、妙與不妙。」

尊者真迦旃延復問曰：「尊者阿那律陀！彼遍淨光天生在一處，何因何緣知有勝如、妙與不妙耶？」

尊者阿那律陀答曰：「賢者迦旃延！若有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，意解遍淨光天遍滿成就遊。彼不極止睡眠，不善息調悔，彼於後時身壞命終，生遍淨光天中。彼生已，光不極淨。賢者迦旃延！譬如燃燈，因緣油炷，若油有滓，炷復不淨，因是燈光生不明淨。賢者迦旃延！如是若有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，意解遍淨光天遍滿成就遊，彼不極止睡眠，不善息調悔，彼身壞命終，生遍淨光天中。彼生已，光不極淨。

「賢者迦旃延！復有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，意解遍淨光天遍滿成就遊。彼極止睡眠，善息調悔，彼身壞命終，生遍淨光天中。彼生已，光極明淨。賢者迦旃延！譬如然燈，因緣油炷，若油無滓，炷復極淨，因是燈光生極明淨。

「賢者迦旃延！如是復有沙門、梵志在無事處，或至樹下空安靜處，意解遍淨光天遍滿成就遊。彼極止睡眠，善息調悔，彼身壞命終，生遍淨光天中。彼生已，光極明淨。

「賢者迦旃延！因是緣是，彼遍淨光天生在一處，知有勝如、妙與不妙。所以者何？因人心勝如故，修便有精麤，因修有精麤故，得人則有勝如。賢者迦旃延！世尊亦如是說，人有勝如。」

於是，尊者真迦旃延歎仙餘財主曰：「善哉！善哉！財主！汝為我等多所饒益。所以者何？初問尊者阿那律陀有勝天，我等未曾從尊者阿那律陀聞如是義，是謂彼天、有彼天、如是彼天。」

於是，尊者阿那律陀告曰：「賢者迦旃延！多有彼天，謂此日月如是有大如意足，有大威德，有大福祐，有大威神，以光不及光，彼與我集，共相慰勞，有所論說，有所答對，然我不如是說，是謂彼天、有彼天、如是彼天。」

爾時，仙餘財主知彼尊者所說已訖，即從坐起，自行澡水，以極淨美種種豐饒食噉含消，手自斟酌，令得飽滿。食訖舉器，行澡水已，取一小床，別坐聽法。仙餘財主坐已，尊者阿那律陀而為說法，勸發渴仰，成就歡喜，無量方便為彼說法，勸發渴仰，成就歡喜已，從坐起去。

尊者阿那律陀所說如是。仙餘財主及諸比丘，聞尊者阿那律陀所說，歡喜奉行。

有勝天經第八竟三千五百九十九字