---
title: "中阿含經 · 109 自觀心經"
description: "中阿含经是佛教重要经典之一，由东晋时期译经师瞿昙僧伽提婆翻译。该经属于原始佛教阿含部经典，收录于汉传佛教大藏经中，与长阿含经、杂阿含经、增一阿含经并称四阿含。内容主要记载佛陀与弟子们的对话，涵盖佛教基本教义如四谛、八正道、十二因缘等核心思想。经文以中篇形式呈现，结构严谨，是研究早期佛教教理的重要文献。作为原始佛教经典，中阿含经在佛教史上具有重要地位，为后世各宗派共同尊奉，对理解佛陀原始教法具有不可替代的价值。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma7j449o03fbjl0a6yyrxnhq"
---

### （一〇九）中阿含林品自觀心經第三第二小土城誦

> (Madhyama Agama, Forest Chapter, Contemplating One's Own Mind Sutra, No. 3) <note>Second recitation section of the Lesser Mud City</note>

我聞如是：

> Thus have I heard:

一時，佛遊舍衛國，在勝林給孤獨園。

> Once, the Buddha was traveling in the country of Shravasti, staying at the Jeta Grove in Anathapindika's Park.

爾時，世尊告諸比丘：「若有比丘不能善觀於他心者，當自善觀察於己心，應學如是。云何比丘善自觀心？比丘者，若有此觀，必多所饒益：我為得內止，不得最上慧觀法耶？我為得最上慧觀法，不得內止耶？我為不得內止，亦不得最上慧觀法耶？我為得內止，亦得最上慧觀法耶？

> At that time, the World-Honored One addressed the monks: "If a monk cannot clearly observe the minds of others, they should carefully observe their own mind. This is how to train. How does a monk carefully observe their own mind? A monk who has this kind of observation will gain great benefit: 'Have I attained inner stillness but not the highest wisdom of insight? Have I attained the highest wisdom of insight but not inner stillness? Have I attained neither inner stillness nor the highest wisdom of insight? Have I attained both inner stillness and the highest wisdom of insight?'"

「若比丘觀已，則知我得內止，不得最上慧觀法者，彼比丘得內止已，當求最上慧觀法，彼於後時得內止，亦得最上慧觀法。若比丘觀已，則知我得最上慧觀法，不得內止者，彼比丘住最上慧觀法已，當求內止，彼於後時得最上慧觀法，亦得內止。若比丘觀已，則知我不得內止，亦不得最上慧觀法者，如是比丘不得此善法，為欲得故，便以速求方便，學極精勤，正念正智，忍不令退。猶人為火燒頭、燒衣，急求方便救頭、救衣。如是，比丘不得此善法，為欲得故，便以速求方便，學極精勤，正念正智，忍不令退，彼於後時即得內止，亦得最上慧觀法。若比丘觀已，則知我得內止，亦得最上慧觀法。彼比丘住此善法已，當求漏盡智通作證。所以者何？我說不得畜一切衣，亦說得畜一切衣。云何衣我說不得畜？若畜衣便增長惡不善法、衰退善法者，如是衣我說不得畜。云何衣我說得畜？若畜衣便增長善法、衰退惡不善法者，如是衣我說得畜。如衣、飲食、床榻村邑亦復如是，我說不得狎習一切人，亦說得狎習一切人。云何人我說不得狎習？若狎習人便增長惡不善法、衰退善法者，如是人我說不得狎習。云何人我說得與狎習？若狎習人便增長善法、衰退惡不善法者，如是人我說得與狎習。

> "If a monk, upon reflection, knows, 'I have attained inner calm but not the highest wisdom and insight into the Dharma,' then that monk, having attained inner calm, should seek the highest wisdom and insight into the Dharma. In time, he will attain both inner calm and the highest wisdom and insight into the Dharma. "If a monk, upon reflection, knows, 'I have attained the highest wisdom and insight into the Dharma but not inner calm,' then that monk, established in the highest wisdom and insight into the Dharma, should seek inner calm. In time, he will attain both the highest wisdom and insight into the Dharma and inner calm. "If a monk, upon reflection, knows, 'I have attained neither inner calm nor the highest wisdom and insight into the Dharma,' then that monk, lacking these wholesome qualities, should arouse a swift determination to attain them, practicing with utmost diligence, right mindfulness, and right understanding, patiently persevering without letting his effort slacken. Just as a person whose head or clothes are on fire urgently seeks a way to put out the fire on their head and clothes, in the same way, that monk who lacks these wholesome qualities should arouse a swift determination to attain them, practicing with utmost diligence, right mindfulness, and right understanding, patiently persevering without letting his effort slacken. In time, he will attain inner calm and also the highest wisdom and insight into the Dharma. "If a monk, upon reflection, knows, 'I have attained inner calm and also the highest wisdom and insight into the Dharma,' then that monk, established in these wholesome qualities, should seek to realize the knowledge and liberation of the destruction of the taints. "Why is that? I say that not all robes may be kept, and I also say that all robes may be kept. Which robes do I say may not be kept? If keeping a robe causes unwholesome and harmful qualities to increase and wholesome qualities to decline—such robes I say may not be kept. Which robes do I say may be kept? If keeping a robe causes wholesome qualities to increase and unwholesome and harmful qualities to decline—such robes I say may be kept. "The same applies to food, bedding, and villages and towns. I say that one should not associate with every person, and I also say that one may associate with every person. With which people do I say one should not associate? If associating with a person causes unwholesome and harmful qualities to increase and wholesome qualities to decline—with such a person I say one should not associate. With which people do I say one may associate? If associating with a person causes wholesome qualities to increase and unwholesome and harmful qualities to decline—with such a person I say one may associate."

「彼可習法知如真、不可習法亦知如真。彼可習法、不可習法知如真已，不可習法便不習，可習法便習，彼不可習不習，可習法習已，便增長善法，衰退惡不善法。是謂比丘善自觀心，善自知心，善取善捨。」

佛說如是。彼諸比丘聞佛所說，歡喜奉行。

自觀心經第三竟六百三十五字