---
title: "天聖廣燈錄 · 洪州百丈山大智禪師"
description: "天聖廣燈錄由北宋李遵勗編撰，成書於天聖年間（1023-1032年），是繼景德傳燈錄之後的重要禪宗燈錄體著作。該書收錄了自佛祖至北宋初年的禪宗祖師語錄與傳記，尤其注重臨濟宗與雲門宗的法脈傳承。內容以問答形式呈現禪師機鋒，展現了宋代禪宗蓬勃發展的歷史面貌。作為五部宋代燈錄之一，天聖廣燈錄不僅是研究禪宗思想演變的關鍵文獻，更為後世永明延壽宗鏡錄等佛教典籍提供了重要史料，在中國佛教史與禪宗文獻學中具有承前啟後的學術價值。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma7jb4qo07m8jl0ah6odwftw"
---

### 洪州百丈山大智禪師

> Baizhang Huaihai, Great Zen Master of Mount Baizhang, Hongzhou

師諱懷海。福州長樂人也。俗姓王。丱歲離塵。三學該練。屬大寂闡化江西。乃傾心依附。與西堂智藏．南泉普願同號入室三大士焉。一夕。三大士隨侍馬祖翫月次。祖問。正當與麼時如何。

> The Master's dharma name was Huaibai. He was from Changle in Fuzhou. His family name was Wang. He left worldly life in childhood and thoroughly trained in the three trainings. When Daji was spreading the teachings in Jiangxi, he devoted himself wholeheartedly to following him. Along with Xitang Zhizang and Nanquan Puyuan, he was known as one of the three great masters in the inner chamber. One evening, the three great masters were attending Mazu while enjoying the moon. The Patriarch asked, "At just this moment, how is it?"

西堂云。正好供養。

> The West Hall master said, "This is exactly the right offering."

師云。正好修行。南泉拂袖便去。

> The Master said, "This is exactly the time for spiritual practice." Nanquan flicked his sleeves and walked away.

祖云。經入藏。禪歸海。唯有普願獨超物外。

> The Patriarch said: "The scriptures return to the collection; meditation returns to the sea. Only Puyuan stands alone, beyond all things."

師為馬祖侍者。一日。隨侍馬祖路行次。聞野鴨聲。祖云。什麼聲　師云。野鴨聲　良久。祖云。適來聲向什麼處去　師云。飛過去　祖迴頭。將師鼻使扭。師作痛聲　祖云。又道飛過去　師於言下有省明日。祖昇堂纔坐　師出來卷却簟　祖便下座。師隨至方丈　祖云。適來要舉轉因緣。你為什麼卷却簟　師云。為某甲鼻頭痛　祖云。你什麼處去來師云。昨日偶有出入。不及參隨　祖喝一喝　師便出去。

> The Master was serving as Mazu's attendant. One day, while walking along the road with Mazu, he heard the sound of wild ducks. Mazu asked, "What is that sound?" The Master replied, "The sound of wild ducks." After a while, Mazu asked, "Where has that sound gone now?" The Master said, "It flew away." Mazu turned around and twisted the Master's nose sharply. The Master cried out in pain. Mazu said, "And yet you say it flew away!" At these words, the Master had a realization. The next day, as soon as Mazu ascended the platform and took his seat, the Master came forward and rolled up the mat. Mazu then stepped down from his seat. The Master followed him to his quarters. Mazu asked, "Just now I was about to expound on a karmic incident for everyone. Why did you roll up the mat?" The Master replied, "Because my nose hurts." Mazu asked, "Where have you been?" The Master said, "Yesterday I happened to go out, and could not stay to attend you." Mazu let out a shout. The Master immediately left.

馬祖一日上堂。眾集。以手点拂柄三下。便下座。師默有省。三日後。舉似祖。祖上堂。告眾曰。吾何憂矣。自有大默在。是汝諸人之師也。

> One day, Mazu ascended the teaching platform. When the assembly had gathered, he tapped the handle of his whisk three times and then immediately stepped down from the seat. The Master silently had a realization. Three days later, he mentioned this to Mazu. Mazu then ascended the platform and announced to the assembly: "Why should I worry? I have Great Silence here. He is the teacher of all of you."

馬祖一日問師。什麼處來　師云。山後來　祖云。還逢著一人麼　師云。不逢著　祖云。為什麼不逢著師云。若逢著。即舉似和尚　祖云。什麼處得者个消息來　師云。某甲罪過　祖云。却是老僧罪過師再參馬祖。祖竪起拂子　師云。即此用。離此用。祖掛拂子於舊處　良久。祖云。你已後開兩片皮。將何示人　師遂取拂子竪起　祖云。即此用。離此用師亦掛拂子於舊處　祖便喝　師直得三日耳聾。方乃大悟。

> One day, Mazu asked the Master, "Where have you come from?" The Master said, "From behind the mountain." Mazu said, "Did you meet anyone there?" The Master said, "No, I met no one." Mazu said, "Why did you not meet anyone?" The Master said, "If I had met someone, I would have presented them to you, Master." Mazu said, "Where did you get this information?" The Master said, "I have been careless, and I apologize." Mazu said, "It is I, the old monk, who should apologize." The Master went to pay respects to Mazu again. Mazu raised his fly whisk. The Master said, "As for this use, it is apart from this use." Mazu hung the fly whisk back in its original place. After a long silence, Mazu said, "Later on, when you open your two lips, what will you use to teach people?" The Master then took up the fly whisk and raised it. Mazu said, "As for this use, it is apart from this use." The Master also hung the fly whisk back in its original place. Mazu then gave a shout. The Master was left deaf for three days, and only then did he achieve great awakening.

有一僧哭入法堂　師云。作什麼　僧云。父母俱喪。請師揀日　師云。明日一時埋却　問。如何是奇特事　師云。獨坐大雄山　僧禮拜　師便打。

> A monk came weeping into the Dharma Hall. The Master said, "What are you doing?" The monk said, "Both my parents have died. I ask you, Master, to choose an auspicious day for the funeral." The Master said, "We'll bury them both tomorrow at the same time." A monk asked, "What is the most extraordinary thing?" The Master said, "Sitting alone on Great Hero Mountain." The monk bowed. The Master hit him.

西堂問師。儞向後作麼生開示於人。師以手卷舒兩邊。

> Xitang asked the Master, "How will you teach people in the future?" The Master opened and closed his hand on both sides.

堂云。更作麼生。師以手點頭三下。

> The Master said, "What more can be done?" The Master then nodded his head three times with his hand.

上堂云。靈光獨耀。逈脫根塵。體露真常。不拘文字。心性無染。本自圓成。但離妄緣。即如如佛。

> The master ascended the seat and said: The light of the spirit shines alone, utterly free from the senses and their objects. Its true, unchanging nature stands revealed, not bound by words or letters. The mind's essence is undefiled, complete and perfect from the very beginning. Simply let go of false conditions, and you are the Buddha just as you are.

問。依經解義。三世佛冤。離經一字。如同魔說是如何　師云。固守動靜。三世佛冤。此外別求。還同魔說。

> Question: "Explaining the meaning according to the scriptures makes you an enemy of the Buddhas of the three times. Deviating from the scriptures by a single word makes it the teaching of demons." What does this mean? The Master said: Rigidly clinging to motion and stillness makes you an enemy of the Buddhas of the three times. Seeking something else apart from this is likewise the teaching of demons.

馬祖令人馳書。并醬三甕。與師。師令挑向法堂前。乃上堂。眾纔集。師以拄杖。指醬甕云。道得。即不打破。道不得。即打破。眾無語　師便打破。歸方丈。

> Mazu sent a messenger with a letter and three jars of sauce to the Master. The Master had them carried in front of the Dharma Hall, then ascended the platform. When the monks had gathered, the Master pointed his staff at the jars of sauce and said, "If you can say a word, I won't smash them. If you cannot, I will smash them." The monks were silent. The Master smashed them and returned to his quarters.

上堂。眾纔集。師以拄杖趂下。却召大眾。眾迴頭。師云。是什麼。

> The master entered the hall. As soon as the assembly had gathered, he drove them all out with his staff. Then he called to them. When they turned their heads, he said, "What is it?"

黃檗到師處。一日。辭云。欲禮拜馬祖去　師云。馬祖已遷化也　檗云。未審有何言句　師遂舉再參馬祖竪拂因緣　檗聞舉。不覺吐舌　師云。子已後莫承嗣馬祖去麼　檗云。不然。今日因師舉。得見馬祖大機之用。然且不識馬祖。若嗣馬祖。已後喪我兒孫師云。見與師齊。減師半德。見過於師。方堪傳授。子甚有超師之見。

後溈山問仰山。百丈再參馬祖竪拂因緣。此二尊宿意旨如何　仰山云。此是顯大機之用　溈山云。馬祖出八十四人善知識。幾人得大機。幾人得大用　仰山云。百丈得大機。黃檗得大用。餘者盡是喝道之師　溈山云。如是。如是。

師因普請開田。迴問。運闍梨。開田不易　檗云。眾僧作務　師云。有煩道用　檗云。爭敢辭勞　師云。開得多少田　檗作鋤田勢　師便喝　檗掩耳而出師問黃檗。甚處來。

檗云。山下採菌子來　師云。山下有一虎子。汝還見麼　檗便作虎聲　師於腰下取斧作斫勢　檗約住便掌師。

師晚參上堂。云。大眾。山下有一虎子。汝等諸人出入好看。老僧今朝親遭一口。

後溈山問仰山云。黃檗虎話作麼生　仰山云。和尚如何　溈山云。百丈當時便合一斧斫殺。因什麼到如此　仰山云。不然　溈山云。子又作麼生　仰山云。不唯騎虎頭。亦解把虎尾　溈山云。寂子甚有險崖之句。

師每上堂。常有一老人聽法。罷皆隨眾散去。一日。留身不去　師問。立者何人　老人曰。某甲於過去迦葉佛時曾住此山　有學人問。大修行底人還落因果也無　對云。不落因果。墮在野狐身。今請和尚代一轉語　師云。汝但問　老人便問。大修行底人還落因果也無　師云。不昧因果　老人於言下大悟。告辭　師云。某甲已免野狐身。住在山後。乞依亡僧燒送。

師令維那白槌告眾。齋後普請送亡僧。眾皆愕然。齋後。眾去山後。岩中果見一死野狐。積薪燒訖師至晚上堂。舉前因緣次。黃檗便問。古人錯對一轉語。墮在野狐身。今人轉轉不錯。又且如何　師云。近前來。向汝道　檗近前打師一掌　師云。將謂胡鬚赤。更有赤鬚胡　時溈山在會下作典座。司馬頭陀舉野狐語問典座。作麼生　典座以手撼門扇三下司馬云。大麤生　典座云。佛法不是者箇道理後溈山舉黃檗問野狐話問仰山　山云。黃檗常用此機　溈山云。汝道天生得。從人得　仰山云。亦是稟受師承。亦是自宗通　溈山云。如是。如是　黃檗問。從上古人以何法示人。師良久　黃檗云。後代兒孫將何傳授　師云。將謂儞者漢是箇人。便歸方丈。

溈山一夜方丈中侍立。既久　師令撥爐中看有火麼　山撥云。無火　師自起。撥得一星火。挾示。云汝道無火。者箇是什麼。山因此有省　後一日。作務次。師問溈山云。還有火麼　溈山云。有　師云。在什麼處。溈山把一堇柴吹度與師　師云。如蟲蝕木因普請鋤地次。有僧聞鼓聲。舉起鋤頭。呵呵大笑而歸　師云。俊哉。從觀音門而入　後喚其僧。問云。儞適來見什麼道理　僧云。某甲肚飢。聞皷聲。歸喫飯師呵呵大笑。

問。如何是佛　師云。汝是阿誰　云。某甲　師云。汝識某甲否　云。分明箇　師乃竪起拂子問。汝見拂子否　云。見　師不顧。

師令僧。去章敬處。見伊上堂說法。儞便展開座具。禮拜起。將一隻鞋。以袖拂却上塵。倒頭覆下。其僧到章敬處。一依師旨。章敬云。老僧罪過。

上堂云。併却咽喉唇吻。速道將來　溈山云。某甲道不得。請和尚道　師云。不辭向儞道。他後喪我兒孫五峰云。和尚亦須併却　師云。無人處斫額望汝雲岩云。某甲有道處。請和尚舉　師云。併却咽喉唇吻。速道將來　岩云。師今有也　師云。喪兒孫上堂云。我要一人去傳語西堂和尚。阿誰去得　五峯云。某甲去得　師云。儞作麼生傳語　峰云。待見西堂即道　師云。道什麼　峰云。却來舉似和尚師童年之時。隨母入寺拜佛。指尊像問母。此是何物母云。是佛　童云。形容似人。我後亦當作焉。

師凡作務執勞。必先於眾。眾不忍其勞。密收作具而請息之。師云。吾無德矣。爭合勞人。既徧求作具不獲。而亦不食。故有一日不作。一日不食之言流播寰宇矣　師於元和九年正月十七日示寂。春秋九十五。長慶元年。勅諡大智禪師。塔曰大勝寶輪。