---
title: "五燈會元 · 洪州鳳棲同安院常察禪師"
description: "五燈會元由宋代高僧普濟編撰，成書於南宋淳祐年間，是中國禪宗重要典籍之一。該書彙編了禪宗五家七宗的傳法譜系與公案語錄，包括法眼、雲門、曹洞、臨濟、溈仰五宗祖師的機鋒對話與悟道因緣，系統整理了禪宗從初祖達摩至唐宋時期的發展脈絡。全書共二十卷，以燈燈相傳為喻，展現了禪宗心法傳承的歷史軌跡。作為研究唐宋禪宗思想的核心文獻，五燈會元不僅是佛教史學的重要資料，更是禪門修行者參究心性的權威指南，在中國佛教史上具有不可替代的地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma8xe7yo0k4zl404lrxluaty"
---

### 洪州鳳棲同安院常察禪師

> Chan Master Changcha of Tong'an Temple, Fengqi, Hongzhou

僧問。如何是鳳棲家風。師曰。鳳棲無家風。曰。既是鳳棲。為甚麼無家風。師曰。不迎賓。不待客。曰。恁麼則四海參尋。當為何事。師曰。盤飣自有旁人施。問。如何是鳳棲境。師曰。千峯連岳秀。萬嶂不知春。曰。如何是境中人。師曰。孤巖倚石坐。不下白雲心。問。祖意教意。是同是別。師曰。鐵狗吠石牛。幻人看月色。問。如何是披毛戴角底人。師曰。蓑衣箬笠賣黃金。幾箇相逢不解喚。問。學人未曉時機。乞師指示。師曰。參差松竹煙籠薄。重疊峰巒月上遲。僧擬進語。師曰。劒甲未施。賊身已露。僧曰。何也。師曰。精陽不剪霜前竹。水墨徒誇海上龍。僧遶禪牀而出。師曰。閉目食蝸牛。一場酸澁苦。問。返本還源時如何。師曰。蟭蟟雖脫殻。不免抱寒枝。問。如何是猛利底人。師曰。石牛步步吼深潭。紙馬聲聲火中呌。新到持錫遶師三匝。振錫一下曰。凡聖不到處。請師道。師鳴指三下。僧曰。同安今日嚇得忘前失後。師曰。闍黎發足何處。僧珍重便出。師曰。五湖衲子。一錫禪人。未到同安。不妨疑著。僧回首。曰。遠聞不如近見。師曰。貪他一杯酒。失却滿船魚。問。如何是大沒慚愧底人。師曰。老僧見作這業次。問。如何是祖師西來意。師曰。犀因翫月紋生角。象被雷驚花入牙。問。如何是向去底人。師曰。寒蟬抱枯木。泣盡不回頭。曰。如何是却來底人。師曰。火裏蘆花秀。逢春恰似秋。曰。如何是不來不去底人。師曰。石羊遇石虎。相看早晚休。座主問。三乘十二分教。某甲粗知。未審和尚說何法示人。師曰。我說一乘法。曰。如何是一乘法。師曰。幾般雲色出峯頂。一樣泉聲落檻前。曰。不問這箇。如何是一乘法。師曰。你不妨靈利。翫月次。謂僧曰。奇哉。奇哉。星明月朗。足可觀瞻。豈異道乎。僧曰。如何是道。師曰。汝試道看。曰。彼自無瘡。勿傷之也。師曰。負笈攻文。不閑弓矢。問僧。近離何處。曰。江西。師曰。江西法道何似此間。曰。賴遇問著某甲。若問別人。則禍生也。師曰。老僧適來造次。曰。某甲不是嬰兒。徒用止啼黃葉。師曰。傷鼈恕龜。殺活由我。問僧。甚處來。曰。五臺。師曰。還見文殊麼。僧展兩手。師曰。展手頗多。文殊誰覩。曰。氣急殺人。師曰。不覩雲中鴈。焉知沙塞寒。問。遠趨丈室。乞師一言。師曰。孫臏門下。徒話鑽龜。曰。名不浪得。師曰。喫茶去。僧便珍重。師曰。雖得一場榮。刖却一雙足。師看經次。有僧來問訊。師曰。古佛今佛。皆無別理。曰。和尚如何。師打一掌。僧曰。如是。如是。師曰。這風顛漢。曰。今古皆然。師曰。擬欲降龍。却逢死虎。曰。同安甚生光彩。師曰。守株停舶。非汝而誰。曰。和尚聻。師曰。胡羊往楚。抱屈而歸。師問僧。眼界無光。如何得見。曰。北斗東轉。南斗西移。師曰。夫子入太廟。曰。與麼則同安門下。道絕人荒去也。師曰。橫抱孾孩。擬彰皇簡。師聞鵲聲。謂眾曰。喜鵲鳴寒檜。心印是渠傳。僧出問曰。何別。師曰。眾中有人在。曰。同安門下。道絕人荒。師曰。胡人飲乳。返怪良醫。曰。休。休。師曰。老鶴入枯池。不見魚蹤跡。

> A monk asked, "What is the style of Fengqi?" The master said, "Fengqi has no style." The monk asked, "Since it is Fengqi, why does it have no style?" The master said, "It does not welcome guests, nor does it see them off." The monk asked, "Then why do people from all directions come to seek it?" The master said, "The food is naturally set out by others." A monk asked, "What is the realm of Fengqi?" The master said, "A thousand peaks share the mountain's beauty; ten thousand cliffs do not know spring." The monk asked, "What about the person in this realm?" The master said, "Sitting alone on a rocky cliff, the mind never descends from the white clouds." A monk asked, "Are the patriarchs' meaning and the teachings' meaning the same or different?" The master said, "An iron dog barks at a stone ox; a phantom watches the moonlight." A monk asked, "What is a person who wears fur and horns?" The master said, "Wearing a straw cloak and a bamboo hat, selling gold—few who meet him know to call out." A monk said, "I do not yet understand the moment's opportunity. Please, Master, point it out." The master said, "Pine and bamboo stand uneven, veiled in thin mist; layered peaks and ridges, the moon rises late." The monk tried to speak further. The master said, "Before the sword and armor are even used, the thief's body is already revealed." The monk said, "Why?" The master said, "The essence of yang does not cut the bamboo before frost; ink and wash merely boast of the sea dragon." The monk circled the meditation seat and left. The master said, "Closing the eyes, eating a snail—what a sour and bitter taste." A monk asked, "What about returning to the source and restoring the origin?" The master said, "Though the cicada sheds its shell, it still clings to the cold branch." A monk asked, "What is a person of sharp and keen potential?" The master said, "A stone ox roars step by step over the deep pool; a paper horse cries out in the flames." A newcomer, holding his staff, circled the master three times, struck the ground once, and said, "Where neither ordinary nor sage can reach—please, Master, speak." The master snapped his fingers three times. The monk said, "Tongan today has frightened me so much that I have lost my wits." The master said, "Where did you set out from?" The monk said, "Take care," and turned to leave. The master said, "A monk of the five lakes, a Chan wanderer with one staff—before reaching Tongan, he might still have doubts." The monk turned back and said, "Hearing from afar is not like seeing up close." The master said, "Coveting his cup of wine, you lose the whole boat of fish." A monk asked, "What is a person utterly without shame?" The master said, "I see the old monk committing such deeds." A monk asked, "What is the patriarch's intention in coming from the West?" The master said, "The rhino, playing with the moon, grows patterns on its horn; the elephant, startled by thunder, brings flowers into its tusks." A monk asked, "What is a person who goes forth?" The master said, "The cold cicada clings to a withered tree, crying until the end and never turning back." The monk asked, "What is a person who returns?" The master said, "The reed flower in fire blooms; meeting spring, it seems like autumn." The monk asked, "What is a person who neither comes nor goes?" The master said, "A stone sheep meets a stone tiger—when will they ever part ways?" A lecturer said, "I have a rough knowledge of the three vehicles and the twelve divisions of the teachings. I wonder, Master, what Dharma do you speak to people?" The master said, "I speak the one vehicle Dharma." The lecturer asked, "What is the one vehicle Dharma?" The master said, "Several colors of clouds emerge from the peak; one same sound of spring water falls before the railing." The lecturer said, "I am not asking about that. What is the one vehicle Dharma?" The master said, "You are quite sharp." While enjoying the moon, the master said to a monk, "Wonderful, wonderful! The stars are bright and the moon clear—truly worth viewing. Is this not different from the Way?" The monk asked, "What is the Way?" The master said, "Try to say it yourself." The monk said, "He has no wound himself—do not harm him." The master said, "Carrying a book bag to study literature, but unskilled in bow and arrow." The master asked a monk, "Where have you come from?" The monk said, "Jiangxi." The master said, "How does the Dharma of Jiangxi compare to this place?" The monk said, "Luckily you asked me. Had you asked someone else, disaster would have arisen." The master said, "I was too hasty just now." The monk said, "I am not an infant, so there is no need to use yellow leaves to stop my crying." The master said, "Injure the turtle, spare the tortoise—killing or sparing is up to me." The master asked a monk, "Where are you from?" The monk said, "Wutai." The master said, "Did you see Manjushri?" The monk spread his hands. The master said, "Hands are spread often, but who has seen Manjushri?" The monk said, "It suffocates one to death." The master said, "Not seeing the wild geese in the clouds, how would you know the cold of the desert frontier?" A monk said, "I have come from afar to your room, hoping for a word from you." The master said, "Under Sun Bin's gate, one only speaks of tortoise shell divination." The monk said, "Your reputation is not unearned." The master said, "Drink some tea." The monk said, "Take care," and left. The master said, "Though you gained a moment of glory, you lost both your feet." While the master was reading scriptures, a monk came to pay his respects. The master said, "Ancient Buddhas and present Buddhas—all share the same principle." The monk said, "What about you, Master?" The master struck him a blow. The monk said, "Yes, yes." The master said, "You mad fellow." The monk said, "So it has always been, past and present." The master said, "Thinking of subduing a dragon, you instead meet a dead tiger." The monk said, "Tongan shines with great brilliance." The master said, "Waiting by the stump, mooring the boat—who else but you?" The monk said, "And what of the Master?" The master said, "A barbarian sheep goes to Chu, returning with a grievance." The master asked a monk, "With no light in the field of vision, how can one see?" The monk said, "The Big Dipper turns east; the Southern Dipper shifts west." The master said, "The Master enters the Grand Temple." The monk said, "If so, then under Tongan's gate, the path is cut off and people are gone." The master said, "Holding a baby crosswise, thinking to display the royal edict." The master heard a magpie and said to the assembly, "The joyful magpie cries on the cold juniper—the mind seal is transmitted by it." A monk came out and asked, "What is the difference?" The master said, "There is someone in the assembly." The monk said, "Under Tongan's gate, the path is cut off and people are gone." The master said, "The barbarian drinks milk, then blames the good physician." The monk said, "Enough, enough." The master said, "An old crane enters the withered pond—no trace of fish is seen."