---
title: "雜阿含經 · 638"
description: "雜阿含經是佛教早期經典之一，由劉宋時期譯師求那跋陀羅翻譯為漢文。該經屬於原始佛教阿含部，記錄了佛陀與弟子間的對話，內容涵蓋四聖諦、八正道、緣起法等核心教義，被視為研究原始佛教思想的重要文獻。雜阿含經在佛教經典中地位崇高，與長阿含、中阿含、增一阿含並列為四阿含，是南傳佛教巴利語尼柯耶的對應漢譯版本。該經語言簡練，教義樸實，反映了佛陀時代的修行方法與解脫之道，為後世佛教各派共同尊奉的基礎經典。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma8xi1hb0ubol404pxc7j5u0"
---

### （六三八）

> Chapter 638

如是我聞：

> Thus have I heard:

一時，佛在王舍城迦蘭陀竹園。爾時，尊者舍利弗住摩竭提那羅聚落，疾病涅槃，純陀沙彌瞻視供養。

> At one time, the Buddha was staying at the Bamboo Grove Monastery in Rajagriha. At that time, the Venerable Shariputra was residing in the Nala village in Magadha, where he fell ill and passed into final Nirvana. The novice Purna attended to him and cared for him during his illness.

爾時，尊者舍利弗因病涅槃。

> At that time, the Venerable Shariputra passed into final Nirvana due to illness.

時，純陀沙彌供養尊者舍利弗已，取餘舍利，擔持衣鉢，到王舍城，舉衣鉢，洗足已，詣尊者阿難所。禮尊者阿難足已，却住一面，白尊者阿難：「尊者當知，我和上尊者舍利弗已涅槃，我持舍利及衣鉢來。」

> At that time, the novice Cunda, after making offerings to the Venerable Shariputra, collected the remaining relics, took up his robes and bowl, and went to Rajagaha. Having set down his robes and bowl and washed his feet, he approached the Venerable Ananda. After paying respects at the Venerable Ananda’s feet, he stood to one side and said to the Venerable Ananda: “Venerable Sir, please know that my teacher, the Venerable Shariputra, has attained final Nirvana. I have brought his relics, along with his robes and bowl.”

於是尊者阿難聞純陀沙彌語已，往詣佛所，白佛言：「世尊！我今舉體離解，四方易韻，持辯閉塞，純陀沙彌來語我言：『和上舍利弗已涅槃，持餘舍利及衣鉢來。』」

> Then the Venerable Ananda, upon hearing what the young monk Cunda had said, went to where the Buddha was and said to him: "World-Honored One! My whole body now feels as if it is falling apart. I am disoriented in every direction, and my speech is blocked. The young monk Cunda came and told me: 'The Venerable Shariputra has passed into final Nirvana, and he has brought back his remaining relics, robes, and bowl.'"

佛言：「云何？阿難！彼舍利弗持所受戒身涅槃耶？定身、慧身、解脫身、解脫知見身涅槃耶？」

> The Buddha said, "What do you think, Ananda? Did Shariputra's body of moral discipline, body of concentration, body of wisdom, body of liberation, and body of the knowledge and vision of liberation—did any of these attain Nirvana?"

阿難白佛言：「不也，世尊！」

> Ananda replied to the Buddha, "No, World-Honored One!"

佛告阿難：「若法我自知，成等正覺所說，謂四念處、四正斷、四如意足、五根、五力、七覺支、八道支涅槃耶？」

阿難白佛：「不也，世尊！雖不持所受戒身乃至道品法而涅槃，然尊者舍利弗持戒多聞，少欲知足，常行遠離，精勤方便，攝念安住，一心正受捷疾智慧、深利智慧、超出智慧、分別智慧、大智慧、廣智慧、甚深智慧、無等智慧，智寶成就，能示、能教、能照、能喜，善能讚歎，為眾說法。是故，世尊！我為法故，為受法者故，愁憂苦惱。」

> Ananda said to the Buddha, "No, World-Honored One. It is not that one can attain Nirvana without upholding the precepts, the practices, and the principles of the Way. But the Venerable Shariputra upheld the precepts, was learned, had few desires, was content, constantly practiced renunciation, was diligent and skillful in effort, focused his mind, and abided in stillness, with one-pointed concentration and swift wisdom, profound wisdom, transcendent wisdom, discerning wisdom, great wisdom, vast wisdom, deepest wisdom, and incomparable wisdom. He was a treasury of wisdom, able to guide, teach, illuminate, and inspire joy, skilled in praise and eloquent in teaching the Dharma to others. Therefore, World-Honored One, it is for the sake of the Dharma, and for the sake of those who receive the Dharma, that I grieve and suffer."

佛告阿難：「汝莫愁憂苦惱。所以者何？若坐、若起、若作，有為敗壞之法，何得不壞，欲令不壞者，無有是處，我先已說，一切所愛念種種諸物、適意之事，一切皆是乖離之法，不可常保。譬如大樹，根、莖、枝、葉、華、果茂盛，大枝先折，如大寶山，大巖先崩。如是，如來大眾眷屬，其大聲聞先般涅槃，若彼方有舍利弗住者，於彼方我則無事，然其彼方，我則不空，以有舍利弗故，我先已說故。汝今，阿難！如我先說，所可愛念種種適意之事，皆是別離之法，是故汝今莫大愁毒。阿難！當知，如來不久亦當過去。是故，阿難！當作自洲而自依，當作法洲而法依，當作不異洲不異依。」

> The Buddha said to Ananda, "Do not grieve or be distressed. Why? Whether sitting, standing, or acting, all conditioned things are subject to decay and dissolution. How could they not decay? There is no way to make them last forever. I have already told you before: everything loved and cherished, all the delightful things that please the mind, are all bound to separation and cannot be preserved forever. Consider a great tree—with roots, trunk, branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits in full abundance—the large branches break off first. Or like a great mountain of treasure, the great boulders crumble first. In the same way, the Buddha's great assembly and community will see his foremost disciples attain final Nirvana first. Wherever Shariputra resides, I have nothing to worry about there; and that place is never empty, because Shariputra is there, as I have already said. So, Ananda, as I have said, all the dear and delightful things are but partings—therefore, do not wallow in deep sorrow. Know, Ananda, that the Tathagata himself will also soon pass away. Therefore, Ananda, make yourself your own island, make yourself your own refuge; make the Dharma your island, make the Dharma your refuge; seek no other island, no other refuge."

阿難白佛：「世尊！云何自洲以自依？云何法洲以法依？云何不異洲不異依？」

> Ananda said to the Buddha: "World-Honored One! How does one make oneself an island and rely on oneself? How does one make the Dharma an island and rely on the Dharma? How does one not seek a different island or a different refuge?"

佛告阿難：「若比丘身身觀念處，精勤方便，正智正念，調伏世間貪憂。如是外身、內外身，受、心、法法觀念處，亦如是說。阿難！是名自洲以自依、法洲以法依、不異洲不異洲依。」

> The Buddha said to Ananda: "If a monk contemplates the body as body, with diligent effort and clear awareness, with right mindfulness, he tames the greed and sorrow of the world. Likewise, contemplation of the body externally, and both internally and externally, as well as feelings, mind, and phenomena—each should be practiced in the same way. Ananda! This is called being an island unto oneself, taking oneself as a refuge; taking the Dharma as an island, the Dharma as a refuge, with no other island and no other refuge."

佛說此經已，諸比丘聞佛所說，歡喜奉行。

> After the Buddha had spoken this sutra, all the bhikkhus rejoiced in his words and faithfully put them into practice.