---
title: "瑜伽師地論 · 9項 業過患"
description: "瑜伽师地论是佛教大乘瑜伽行派的重要经典，相传由弥勒菩萨口述，无著菩萨记录，唐代高僧玄奘于贞观年间从印度取回并译成汉文。该论共100卷，系统阐述瑜伽行派的教义，内容包括十七地、三性、八识、修行次第等核心理论，被誉为大乘佛教的百科全书。作为唯识学的根本论典，瑜伽师地论奠定了唯识学派的理论基础，对汉传佛教和藏传佛教影响深远，在佛教思想史上具有崇高地位，是研究唯识学和瑜伽行派必读的经典著作。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma8zgyhe00zbib04jmw2hcti"
---

業過患云何？當知略說有七過患。謂殺生者殺生為因，能為自害、能為他害、能為俱害、生現法罪、生後法罪、生現法後法罪，受彼所生身心憂苦。云何能為自害？謂為害生發起方便，由此因緣，便自被害，若被繫縛，若遭退失，若被訶毀；然彼不能損害於他。云何能為他害？謂即由此所起方便，能損害他。由此因緣，不自被害乃至訶毀。云何能為俱害？謂即由此所起方便，能損害他。由此因緣，復被他害，若被繫縛乃至訶毀。云何生現法罪？謂如能為自害。云何生後法罪？謂如能為他害。云何生現法後法罪？謂如能為俱害。云何受彼所生身心憂苦？謂為害生發起方便，而不能成六種過失。又不能辦隨欲殺事，彼由所欲不會因緣，便受所生身心憂苦。又有十種過患，依犯尸羅。如經廣說應知。又有四種不善業道，及飲諸酒以為第五，依犯事善男學處，佛薄伽梵說多過患應知。廣說如闡地迦經。

> What are the faults of harmful deeds? Briefly, there are seven faults to understand. For one who kills, the act of killing serves as the cause, and it can bring harm to oneself, harm to others, harm to both, create guilt in this life, create guilt in the next life, create guilt in both this and the next life, and cause mental and physical suffering arising from these. How does it bring harm to oneself? By initiating the act of taking life, one may become harmed oneself—whether bound, losing one's position, or being criticized—yet still unable to harm the other. How does it bring harm to others? The same act can damage the other person. In this case, the perpetrator is not harmed or criticized in return. How does it bring harm to both? The act can harm the other, and because of it, one is also harmed in return—bound, losing standing, or criticized. What is guilt in this life? It is the same as harming oneself. What is guilt in the next life? It is the same as harming others. What is guilt in both this and the next life? It is the same as harming both. What is mental and physical suffering? When one initiates harm but fails to achieve the act, and cannot fulfill the intended killing, one experiences distress from not getting what was desired. Additionally, there are ten faults related to breaking ethical precepts, as explained in the scriptures. Furthermore, for the four unwholesome courses of action and drinking alcohol as a fifth, the Buddha, the Blessed One, described many faults in detail, as taught in the Candika Sutra.