---
title: "瑜伽師地論 · 8目 四淨勝經"
description: "瑜伽师地论是佛教大乘瑜伽行派的重要经典，相传由弥勒菩萨口述，无著菩萨记录，唐代高僧玄奘于贞观年间从印度取回并译成汉文。该论共100卷，系统阐述瑜伽行派的教义，内容包括十七地、三性、八识、修行次第等核心理论，被誉为大乘佛教的百科全书。作为唯识学的根本论典，瑜伽师地论奠定了唯识学派的理论基础，对汉传佛教和藏传佛教影响深远，在佛教思想史上具有崇高地位，是研究唯识学和瑜伽行派必读的经典著作。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma8zh1vo01ihib04l0fizvw1"
---

復次，如經中說有四淨勝。為求清淨，此最為勝，故名淨勝。

> Furthermore, as the scriptures say, there are four kinds of supreme purity. For those seeking purity, this is the highest, and therefore it is called "supreme purity."

云何為淨？云何為勝？謂所得、所證、所引戒等，若圓滿、若攝受，是名為淨。發勤精進，未滿令滿，是名為勝。

> What is purity? What is excellence? Purity refers to the precepts and other qualities that are attained, realized, and developed—whether fully perfected or properly upheld. Excellence refers to diligently applying effort to bring to completion what has not yet been fulfilled.

云何尸羅圓滿攝受？謂若有一，雖住具戒，亦能守護別解脫律儀，而於軌則及所行中未能具足，未於小罪深見怖畏。此於尸羅，未名圓滿。若於一切皆悉滿足，乃名圓滿。如是名為尸羅圓滿。若於長時串修習故，便於根門善守而住，廣說乃至即於尸羅攝成自體，自性安住。如是名為尸羅攝受。云何三摩地圓滿？謂若已得加行究竟果，或第四靜慮，乃名圓滿。於此下位，皆未圓滿。云何三摩地攝受？謂彼所得三摩地等後時清淨。又三摩地不為有行之所拘執，乃至廣說。云何見圓滿？謂聞他音，及如理作意故，正見得生。由此正見，雖能知苦乃至知道，若未如實，猶不得名正見圓滿。若能於彼如實了知，爾時方名正見圓滿。云何見攝受？謂於後時諸漏永盡，乃至廣說。云何解脫圓滿？謂若由有學智見解脫貪等，未名圓滿。若由無學智見得解脫者，乃名圓滿。云何解脫攝受？謂若行、若住，常不退失現法樂住，如是名為解脫攝受。

> What is perfect attainment of ethical discipline? Suppose someone possesses ethical discipline and upholds the rules of individual liberation, yet has not fully perfected proper conduct and behavior, and does not see even minor faults with deep dread. Such a person's ethical discipline is not yet perfect. When all aspects are completely fulfilled, it is then called perfect. This is known as the perfection of ethical discipline. Furthermore, through prolonged and continuous practice, one abides well-guarding the sense faculties, and in detail, ethical discipline becomes integrated into one's very being, resting naturally within. This is called the assimilation of ethical discipline. What is perfect meditative concentration? It is when one has attained the ultimate fruit of practice, or the fourth meditative absorption—this alone is called perfection. All lower stages are not yet perfect. What is the assimilation of meditative concentration? It is when the concentration one has attained becomes purified afterward. Moreover, that concentration is not constrained by conditioned effort, and so forth. What is perfect view? It is when, through hearing the teachings from others and through proper rational reflection, right view arises. Although this right view can understand suffering and the other truths, if it is not yet in accordance with reality, it cannot yet be called perfect right view. Only when one truly understands them as they are can it be called perfect right view. What is the assimilation of view? It is when, afterward, all defilements are completely exhausted, and so forth. What is perfect liberation? If one is freed from craving and so forth through the wisdom and vision of a trainee, it is not yet called perfect. Only when liberated through the wisdom and vision of one beyond training is it called perfect. What is the assimilation of liberation? It is when, whether walking or standing, one never loses the joy of dwelling in the present moment—this is called the assimilation of liberation.