---
title: "瑜伽師地論 · 9項 殊勝門"
description: "瑜伽师地论是佛教大乘瑜伽行派的重要经典，相传由弥勒菩萨口述，无著菩萨记录，唐代高僧玄奘于贞观年间从印度取回并译成汉文。该论共100卷，系统阐述瑜伽行派的教义，内容包括十七地、三性、八识、修行次第等核心理论，被誉为大乘佛教的百科全书。作为唯识学的根本论典，瑜伽师地论奠定了唯识学派的理论基础，对汉传佛教和藏传佛教影响深远，在佛教思想史上具有崇高地位，是研究唯识学和瑜伽行派必读的经典著作。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma8zin5j08ouib046hjy6bxy"
---

問：於無餘依涅槃界中般涅槃者，為有少分差別意趣殊異不耶？答：一切無有。所以者何？非此界中可得安立下中上品；不可施設高下勝劣，此是如來、此聲聞等。問：何因緣故，無有差別？所以者何？諸聲聞等有餘殘障，於無餘依涅槃界中而般涅槃，佛一切障永無所有。答：住有餘依涅槃界中，可得安立有障、無障；住無餘依涅槃界中，畢竟無障可立差別。何以故？於此界中，一切眾相及諸麁重，皆永息故，皆永滅故。所以者何？諸阿羅漢住有餘依涅槃界時，一切眾相非悉永滅，異熟麁重亦非永滅，由彼說有煩惱習氣，即觀待彼相及麁重，安立有障。住無餘依涅槃界時，彼永無有。是故當知，於此界中無有有障、無障差別。問：若此界中，永無有障，如諸如來離一切障，阿羅漢等亦復如是。何因緣故，阿羅漢等不同如來作諸佛事？答：彼闕所修本弘願故，又彼種類種性爾故，阿羅漢等決定無有還起意樂而般涅槃，是故不能作諸佛事。

> Question: When someone attains final Nirvana in the realm of Nirvana without any remainder, is there even the slightest difference or distinction in their state? Answer: There is absolutely none. Why? Because in this realm, no distinction of lower, middle, or higher grades can be established. No ranking of superior or inferior can be assigned, saying "this is a Buddha" or "this is a disciple." Question: For what reason is there no difference? Given that the disciples still had residual obstructions, while they attain final Nirvana in the realm of Nirvana without remainder, the Buddha had permanently eliminated all obstructions. Answer: While dwelling in the realm of Nirvana with remainder, it is possible to distinguish between "with obstructions" and "without obstructions." But while dwelling in the realm of Nirvana without remainder, no such distinction of obstruction can be established at all. Why? Because in this realm, all appearances and all subtle burdens are forever stilled, forever extinguished. Why is that? When arhats dwell in the realm of Nirvana with remainder, not all appearances are permanently extinguished, nor are the karmic burdens permanently extinguished. Because of this, they are said to still have traces of defilement, and based on those appearances and burdens, they are described as "with obstructions." But when dwelling in the realm of Nirvana without remainder, these are entirely absent. Therefore, you should know that in this realm, there is no distinction between "with obstructions" and "without obstructions." Question: If in this realm there is forever no obstruction—just as the Tathagatas are free from all obstructions—and the arhats are the same, then for what reason do the arhats not carry out the Buddha's works as the Tathagatas do? Answer: Because they lack the original great vows they failed to cultivate, and because their kind and lineage is simply that way. Arhats definitively never give rise to the intention to return to activity, and so they enter final Nirvana. Therefore, they cannot carry out the Buddha's works.