---
title: "瑜伽師地論 · 3項 釋師門"
description: "瑜伽师地论是佛教大乘瑜伽行派的重要经典，相传由弥勒菩萨口述，无著菩萨记录，唐代高僧玄奘于贞观年间从印度取回并译成汉文。该论共100卷，系统阐述瑜伽行派的教义，内容包括十七地、三性、八识、修行次第等核心理论，被誉为大乘佛教的百科全书。作为唯识学的根本论典，瑜伽师地论奠定了唯识学派的理论基础，对汉传佛教和藏传佛教影响深远，在佛教思想史上具有崇高地位，是研究唯识学和瑜伽行派必读的经典著作。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma8zio0808scib04qn7faxal"
---

師者，謂成就十法，名說法師眾相圓滿。

> A teacher is one who has perfected ten qualities, making them a complete and perfect expounder of the Dharma.

一者、善於法義。謂於六種法、十種義，善能解了故。

> First, being skilled in the meaning of the teachings. That is, being able to clearly understand the six categories of phenomena and the ten aspects of their meaning.

二者、能廣宣說。謂多聞、聞持、其聞積集故。

> Second, the ability to widely proclaim and teach. This means having extensive learning, retaining what is heard, and accumulating such learning over time.

三者、具足無畏。謂於剎帝利等勝大眾中，宣說正法無所怯懼故。又因此故，聲不嘶掉，腋不流汗，念無忘失故。

> Third, possessing fearlessness. This means that when teaching the Dharma before noble assemblies such as the warrior class or other revered gatherings, one is not intimidated or afraid. Because of this, one's voice does not falter or crack, no sweat forms under the arms, and mindfulness remains unbroken.

四者、言詞善巧。謂語工圓滿、八支成就、言詞具足，處眾說法故。語工圓滿者，謂文句相應、助伴等，乃至廣說。八支成就者，謂此語言先首、美妙等，乃至廣說。

> Fourth, skillful speech. This means speaking with well-rounded eloquence, perfected in the eight qualities, and possessing complete command of language, so that one can teach the Dharma before an assembly. "Well-rounded eloquence" means that the wording aligns with the meaning and is accompanied by suitable explanations, and so on—expanded upon further. "Perfected in the eight qualities" means that such speech is foremost, delightful, and so on—expanded upon further.

五者、善方便說。謂二十種善巧方便宣說正法故，如以時、殷重等。

> Fifth, the skill in delivering teachings. This refers to twenty types of skillful means for teaching the Dharma, such as speaking at the right time and with sincere earnestness.

六者、具足成就法隨法行。謂不唯聽聞以為究竟，如其所說，即如是行故。

> Sixth: Fully accomplish the practice of following the Dharma in line with the Dharma. This means not merely listening to teachings as the ultimate goal, but actually putting into practice what has been taught.

七者、威儀具足，謂說法時手足不亂，頭不動搖，面無變易，鼻不改異，進止往來威儀庠序故。

> 7\. Perfect demeanor and conduct: When teaching the Dharma, one remains composed—hands and feet still, head steady, face calm, and breathing undisturbed. Every movement, whether coming or going, is carried out with grace and dignity.

八者、勇猛精進，謂常樂聽聞所未聞法，於已聞法轉令明淨，不捨瑜伽，不捨作意，心不捨離內奢摩他故。

> Eighth, vigorous perseverance means constantly delighting in hearing Dharma not yet heard, and for what has already been heard, further clarifying and purifying it. One does not abandon meditative practice, does not abandon sustained attention, and the mind never departs from inner tranquility.

九者、無有厭倦。謂為四眾廣宣妙法，身心無倦故。

> Ninth, without weariness. This means that in broadly proclaiming the wonderful Dharma to the fourfold assembly, one's body and mind are never fatigued.

十者、具足忍力。謂罵弄訶責終不反報，若被輕蔑不生忿慼，乃至廣說。