---
title: "佛說給孤長者女得度因緣經 · 第三"
description: "佛說給孤長者女得度因緣經是宋代譯經師施護所譯的一部佛教經典，屬於早期大乘佛教文獻。該經講述了給孤獨長者之女因虔誠供養佛陀而獲得度化的故事，闡明布施、持戒與智慧修行的因果關係。經文強調女性修行者通過信心與善行同樣能證得解脫，體現了大乘佛教平等普度的精神。施護為北宋著名譯經僧，其譯作對漢傳佛教影響深遠。此經為研究佛教女性觀與居士修行的重要文獻，在佛教經典中具有獨特地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cma976jz3002ii804eyw1c9hk"
---

## 佛說給孤長者女得度因緣經卷下

> Sutra on the Causes and Conditions of the Daughter of Anāthapiṇḍada's Liberation, Scroll Two

西天譯經三藏朝奉大夫試光祿卿傳法大師賜紫臣施護奉　詔譯

> Translated by Tripitaka Master Shihu of the Western Regions, Court Official and Dharma Master, by Imperial Command.

復次，尊者聞二百億化種種色華果樹林細密滿空，而此尊者林中現身，起是神通從空而來三繞彼城，次從空下入長者舍。爾時，長者見是相已，問善無毒女言：「今此所來有種種色華果樹林，林中現身起如是相，入此舍者是汝師邪？」女即答言：「此非我師，是佛弟子名聞二百億。此人生已足不履地去地四指，足下有金色毛表其異相，若足履地時，地即六種震動。佛曾謂諸苾芻言：『汝等當知，此聞二百億童子，於九十一劫中皆同此名，隨所生處足不履地，此人由起重法精進心故福報無盡。』佛說此人精進第一。是此尊者次第而來。」

> Again, the Venerable One, known as the Listener with Two Hundred Million, manifested a forest of varied flowers and fruit trees, dense and filling the sky. Within this forest, the Venerable One revealed his body and, by means of such supernormal powers, came through the air from afar and circled that city three times. Then, descending from the sky, he entered the elder’s home. At that time, upon seeing this sign, the elder asked the maiden Good Non-Poison: “The one who now comes with a forest of varied flowers and fruit trees, revealing his body within it, manifesting such signs, and entering this home—is this is your teacher?” The maiden replied: “This is not my teacher. He is a disciple of the Buddha named the Listener with Two Hundred Million. From birth, this person never touches the ground with his feet; they remain four fingers above it. The soles of his feet bear golden hairs as a mark of his extraordinary nature. When his feet do touch the ground, the earth quakes in six ways. The Buddha once said to the monks, ‘You should know that this youth, the Listener with Two Hundred Million, has borne this same name for ninety-one eons. Wherever he is born, his feet never touch the ground. This person attains endless blessings because of his deep respect for the Dharma and his diligent effort. The Buddha declared that this person is foremost in diligence.’ This Venerable One now arrives in due order.”

復次，尊者畢陵伽婆蹉化大鵝車，現是神通從空而來三繞彼城，次從空下入長者舍。爾時，長者見是相已，問善無毒女言：「今此所來乘大鵝車現如是相，入此舍者是汝師邪？」女即答言：「此非我師，是佛弟子名畢陵伽婆蹉。常修悲行，佛說此人悲行第一。是此尊者次第而來。」

> Furthermore, the Venerable Pilindavatsa manifested a great goose chariot. Displaying this miraculous power, he came through the sky, circled the city three times, and then descended from above into the elder's home. At that time, the elder saw this and asked the maiden Shubhavimala, "Is this being, who comes riding on a great goose chariot, displaying such signs, and now entering my home, your teacher?" The maiden replied, "This is not my teacher. He is a disciple of the Buddha named Pilindavatsa. He always cultivates the practice of compassion, and the Buddha said that he excels in compassion above all others. This Venerable One is now here through successive order."

復次，尊者烏陀夷化大馬車四寶莊嚴，現是神通從空而來三繞彼城，次從空下入長者舍。爾時，長者見是相已，問善無毒女言：「今此所來乘大馬車四寶莊嚴，現如是相入此舍者是汝師邪？」女即答言：「此非我師，是佛弟子名烏陀夷。此人是釋種眷屬，釋種之中，有淨飯王、白飯王、斛飯王、甘露飯王，并邪輸陀羅、娛閉迦沒哩誐惹等，六萬宮嬪婇女眷屬，是諸眷屬廣大熾盛富樂自在，此人棄捨出家修道而獲果證。佛說此人於釋種中端嚴第一。是此尊者次第而來。」

> Next, the Venerable Udayin manifested a great chariot adorned with four kinds of precious materials, displaying his supernatural power as he descended from the sky. He circled the city three times, then came down from the sky and entered the elder’s home. At that time, seeing this, the elder asked the virtuous young woman Shandevi, “Is the one who has now arrived on this great chariot, adorned with the four precious materials and displaying such spiritual signs, your teacher?” The woman replied, “This is not my teacher; he is a disciple of the Buddha named Udayin. He belongs to the Shakya clan. Among the Shakyas are King Shuddhodana, King Shuklodana, King Dronodana, and King Amritodana, as well as Yasodhara, Yubijia, Mrigaja, and the sixty thousand palace women. These relatives are vast, prosperous, and enjoy wealth and freedom. But this man renounced it all, left home to practice the Way, and attained the fruit of enlightenment. The Buddha declared that among the Shakyas, this man is foremost in dignity and grace. It is this Venerable One who has arrived now.”

復次，尊者摩訶劫賓那化室尾迦四寶莊嚴，而此尊者乘彼室尾迦，現是神通從空而來三繞彼城，次從空下入長者舍。爾時，長者見是相已，問善無毒女言：「今此所來乘室尾迦四寶莊嚴，現如是相入此舍者是汝師邪？」女即答言：「此非我師，是佛弟子名摩訶劫賓那。此人棄捨家族出家修道而獲果證，常出軟語眾所愛樂，佛說此人軟語第一。是此尊者次第而來。」

> Then the venerable Mahākapphiṇa, riding a four-treasure-adorned palanquin, manifested his spiritual powers, came through the sky, circled the city three times, and descended to enter the elder's home. At that time, the elder, seeing these signs, asked the maiden Shubhavimalā: "Is this one, who comes riding a four-treasure-adorned palanquin, manifesting such signs, and entering this home, your teacher?" The maiden replied: "This is not my teacher. He is a disciple of the Buddha, named Mahākapphiṇa. This person renounced his family and left home to cultivate the path, attaining the fruits of realization. He always speaks gentle words, loved and delighted in by all. The Buddha declared this person foremost in gentle speech. This venerable comes in this manner."

復次，尊者難陀化大園林華果茂盛，復有鵝鴈鸚鵡、孔雀舍利、囉俱枳羅命命等種種異鳥遊集其內，而此尊者在彼園中，現如是相從空而來三繞彼城，次從空下入長者舍。爾時，長者見是相已，問善無毒女言：「今此所來處大園林，華果茂盛異鳥遊集，現如是相入此舍者是汝師邪？」女即答言：「此非我師，是佛弟子名曰難陀，淨飯王之子，是佛親弟，比佛身量而短四指，三十二相莊嚴具足。此人往昔以清淨心，曾於迦葉如來、應供、正等正覺塔中，施一傘蓋眾寶莊嚴最上殊妙，以是因緣感勝福報，經一千五百生作轉輪王，受彼勝福而不出家，乃至于今出家修道而獲果證，此人於威儀中密護諸根。佛說此人密護諸根第一。是此尊者次第而來。」

復次，尊者羅睺羅化作轉輪王，福德威容勝妙殊特，眷屬侍衛七寶具足，有八十四俱胝勇健步兵烏布沙陀等，八萬四千最上象兵嚩羅賀迦等，八萬四千調善馬兵難儞瞿沙等，八萬四千妙寶車兵，復有無數百千侍衛人眾周匝圍繞，動百千種微妙音樂，寶嚴幢幡前後導從，大白傘蓋覆輪王頂，現是神通從空而來三繞彼城，未入其舍住虛空中。爾時，長者見是相已，問善無毒女言：「今此所來轉輪聖王，福德威容勝妙殊特，象馬車步四兵具足，現此勝相住空中者是汝師邪？」女即答言：「此非我師，是佛弟子名羅睺羅。此人是佛之子，出家學戒而獲果證，佛說此人學戒第一。是此尊者現輪王身次第而來。」

> Furthermore, the Venerable Rahula manifested as a Wheel-Turning King. His virtue and majestic presence were extraordinary and wondrous. He was accompanied by a retinue of attendants and possessed the seven treasures. He had eighty-four billion brave foot soldiers, such as Upaśānta; eighty-four thousand most excellent elephant soldiers, such as Vāraha; eighty-four thousand well-trained cavalry, such as Nandi-ghoṣa; and eighty-four thousand fine chariot soldiers. In addition, there were countless hundreds of thousands of attendants surrounding him in a circle. A hundred thousand types of subtle music were played, and jeweled banners and canopies led the procession before and behind. A great white parasol covered the king’s head. Manifesting this supernormal power, he came through the sky, circled around the city three times, and then, without entering any dwelling, remained suspended in empty space. At that time, the elder, seeing this, asked the maiden Śubhā-nāma: “Is this Wheel-Turning Sage King who has arrived, whose virtue and majestic presence are so extraordinary, who possesses the fourfold army of elephants, horses, chariots, and infantry, and who now manifests these superior signs and remains in the sky, your teacher?” The maiden answered: “This is not my teacher. He is a disciple of the Buddha named Rahula. This person is the son of the Buddha. He left home to study the precepts and attained the fruit of realization. The Buddha declared him foremost in studying the precepts. It is this Venerable One who, manifesting the form of a wheel-turning king, has appeared in sequence.”

爾時，羅睺羅即以所現轉輪王身住彼空中，說伽陀曰：

「今我所現輪王身， 以神通力故如是，如龍有力我亦然， 七寶四兵皆具足。此所現身而非實， 神通方便故隨宜，長者應當如實知， 我是佛子羅睺羅。已獲果證神通具， 人天供養悉歸依，我依佛勅故今來， 牟尼大師後當至。」

說是伽陀已即從空下入長者舍。如是等諸有神通大苾芻眾，咸依佛勅各現神通，次第來入長者舍中，俟佛當至。

爾時，世尊知時已至，即入三摩地普遍觀察，於是三摩地出已，舉身出現青黃赤白種種妙色清淨光明，如是色光廣大照耀遍舍衛國，乃至福增城中所有一切人眾蒙光照者，以佛神力皆見佛身，內外映徹一切無礙。佛放光時大地震動。於是世尊著僧伽梨衣，與彼一切所應隨佛，崑努鉢陀那等苾芻大眾前後圍繞，出舍衛國往詣福增城。時娑婆界主大梵天王知是事已，即與色界諸天子眾，來佛右邊侍衛而行；帝釋天主知是事已，即與欲界諸天子眾，來佛左邊侍衛而行。復有善愛音等五百乾闥婆王，奏百千種微妙音樂引導佛前；又有無數百千天龍鬼神人非人等隨從佛後；又有無數天女在虛空中，各持優鉢羅華、鉢訥摩華、俱母那華、奔拏利迦華、天曼陀羅華、摩訶曼陀羅華等，及雨栴檀香、末香、儞誐嚕香、多誐嚕香、多摩羅香等種種妙香供養於佛，又復奏彼天妙音樂，有如是等天人大眾圍繞而行。

爾時路次大曠野中，有七千仙人先止於彼，見佛世尊三十二相、八十種好皆悉具足，圓光照耀如千日輪，廣大巍巍如寶山現，吉祥勝相無有等比，復有微妙金色光明周遍熾盛；如是見已俱近佛前，頭面禮足合掌恭敬退住一面。此諸仙人皆以宿種善根力故，而能最先見佛世尊。爾時，世尊普遍觀察如是七千仙人善根成熟，即於曠野中，乃為如應略說四諦法門。時諸仙人聞是法已，智慧堅固心開意解各各歡喜，即時踊身虛空高二十山峯，俱證須陀洹果，從空下已圍繞世尊即同隨從。爾時，世尊度是七千仙人已，漸次前行將至福增城門，即作是念：「此福增城有十八門，我今若從西門而入，餘門所有一切人眾不能見我，我今宜應於彼諸門各現佛身，隨諸門入，令一切人皆見佛身，我即實從西門而入。」

爾時，世尊作是念已，即現其身隨諸門入，一一皆有天人大眾周匝圍繞。當佛入城門時以神通力，自然除去荊棘砂礫，一切不淨悉令清淨，內外香潔地平如掌無高下相。佛所行處彼彼諸門，有低小者自然高大，有迮狹處自然寬廣，城中所有一切象馬等類，其性𢤱悷不調伏者自然調伏。又復城中一切人民，各各歡喜瞻仰世尊，又復以佛神通力故，其中所有盲者能視，聾者能聞，瘂者能言，乃至諸根不完具者，悉得完具，迷惑醉亂顛狂心者，皆得醒悟正定不亂，為毒所中者悉離諸毒，互起恚恨者慈心相向，諸懷妊者胎藏安隱生福德子，諸貧匱者自然財寶悉得豐足。佛入城時有如是等希有之事，一切人民皆獲利益，佛乃實從西門而入。

爾時，世尊既入城已，攝諸化身唯一實身，至謨尸羅長者舍。時善無毒女即謂長者言：「此所來者是我大師，號釋迦牟尼如來、應供、正等正覺。」是時長者并諸眷屬，見佛如是神通威德種種相好，心生敬信即各頭面禮佛雙足。時善無毒女見佛世尊，踊躍歡喜頭面禮足合掌向佛說伽陀曰：

「我佛常說最上語， 而能調伏他語言，聞者能生清淨心， 我不見佛深苦惱。佛悲愍故來此中， 我等今日得大利，我以清淨至誠心， 頂禮如來吉祥足。」

時，善無毒女說伽陀已，即取牛頭栴檀香水奉佛洗足，佛洗足已處于最上莊嚴寶座，諸苾芻眾亦各洗足次第而坐。爾時，善無毒女即持清淨上味飲食，自手奉上供佛世尊及苾芻眾，長者并眷屬亦各持食奉上於佛及苾芻眾，如是次第行食已遍，佛及苾芻隨應而食。是時福增城中一切婆羅門長者居士，外道尼乾陀等，無數百千人眾悉詣長者舍欲觀世尊。彼等意謂：「長者住舍而甚迫迮不能容受爾許人眾。」咸起礙想。

爾時，世尊知其意已，即變長者舍作水精舍，內外瑩徹廣博嚴淨，令諸人眾各得觀佛無所妨礙。是諸人眾各見佛已，心大歡喜異口同音，說伽陀曰：

「今此長者舍， 而水精所成，摩尼及真金， 諸寶皆映現。清淨復廣博， 如天帝釋宮，各得見世尊， 斯為甚希有。我等一切眾， 瞻仰住佛前，咸生清淨心， 恭敬合掌禮。牟尼處眾會， 如星中現月，功德所莊嚴， 是故我歸命。」

爾時，世尊飯食已訖，諸苾芻眾亦各食訖，於是世尊不起于座，與無數百千天、龍、夜叉、乾闥婆、阿修羅、迦樓羅、緊那羅、摩睺羅伽、人非人等，并餘婆羅門、長者、居士、外道、尼乾陀，乃至善無毒女及謨尸羅長者，妻子眷屬如是等眾，周匝圍繞聽佛說法。

爾時，世尊普為大眾，如應演說苦集滅道四諦法門。佛說是法門時，諸外道中有善根成熟者，聞法歡喜生淨信心歸依世尊，隨其所應而獲利益。又復眾中有得住煖位者，有得住頂位者，有得住忍位者，有得須陀洹果者，有得斯陀含果者，有得阿那含果者，有得阿羅漢果者。謨尸羅長者聞佛說法發清淨心，如其所應亦得利益，善無毒女以宿善根力，及聞說法得須陀洹果。

爾時，諸苾芻俱白佛言：「世尊！善哉希有！此善無毒女，真是善知識，因此女故多人獲益，而能如是施作佛事。」佛言：「諸苾芻！汝等當知此善無毒女，非唯今日於我法中為善知識能作佛事，此人已於過去佛法中，為善知識開導他人施作佛事，汝等善聽我今略說。」時，諸苾芻受教而聽。

佛言：「諸苾芻！過去世中人壽二萬歲時，有佛出世名曰迦葉如來、應供、正等正覺、明行足、善逝、世間解、無上士、調御丈夫、天人師、佛、世尊。彼佛一時，在波羅奈國仙人墮處鹿野園中，與苾芻眾俱、彼國有王名為哀愍，其王具大福德，正法治世。王有一女，生已自然頂有金鬘，乃為彼女立名金鬘，王所愛念，即勅后妃宮嬪眷屬，養育侍衛後至成長。彼女以其宿善根力，於佛法中深生愛樂，聞佛在彼鹿野園中，即與五百宮嬪眷屬圍繞，往詣鹿野園中瞻禮世尊，到已至誠頭面禮足，佛即如應為說法要，彼聞法已心生淨信，而白佛言：『我自今日乃至盡壽，常以飲食衣服臥具醫藥奉上世尊。』作是白已即如其言，常以四事供給世尊。時彼哀愍王，忽於一夜得十種夢：一者夢見有一大象從窓牖出，身雖得出尾為窓礙。二者夢見有一渴人井隨其後，是人寧忍於渴終不取飲。三者夢見有人以其真珠貿易於󰉓。四者夢見有人以其栴檀香木貿易常木。五者夢見有一大園華果茂盛，忽為猛風吹落散壞。六者夢見有諸小象，驅大香象奔走而出。七者夢見有一獼猴身有糞穢，四向馳走污諸獼猴，眾皆迴避。八者夢見有一獼猴於一處坐，有眾獼猴為作灌頂。九者夢見一張白㲲，有十八人各各執奪少分而㲲不破。十者夢見有多人眾聚集一處，互相鬪諍論競是非。此等是為所得十夢。王睡覺已作是思惟：『我得此夢是不吉祥，豈非於我壞壽命邪？』作是念已至明旦時，即集群臣共議斯夢。是時諸臣皆悉不能定其善惡，王復召一婆羅門具說十夢，令其伺察善惡之相。婆羅門言：『大王當知，此夢不祥，願王作法破不祥事。』王言：『汝法云何？』婆羅門言：『王所愛念彼金鬘女，一切人民亦悉愛重，願王今時以此愛女，破身出血流為江河，剖腹取腸聯作城邑，若作是法，即能破彼不祥之事，若不如是，於王壽命有所損失。』爾時，王言：『我於今時寧自失命，而終不害彼金鬘女。』作是言已王入後宮，搘頤不悅默然而坐。時金鬘女見王默坐，有愁憂相，來詣王前即白王言：『我父何故有愁憂相？思惟何事，願王今說。』爾時，彼王具以十夢及婆羅門言，為金鬘女說。彼女聞已復白王言：『去此不遠鹿野園中，迦葉如來、應供、正等正覺，與苾芻眾而現集會。我今與王同詣於彼，以夢問佛，佛是一切智者，必能為王說善惡相。』時哀愍王即如其言，與金鬘女及諸臣從，詣鹿野園佛世尊所，到已頭面禮世尊足退坐一面，彼金鬘女及諸臣從，亦各禮佛一面而住。是時復有諸婆羅門長者居士亦在佛會，爾時，彼佛即為哀愍王及諸會眾，如應說法示教利喜已，佛即默然。彼哀愍王從座而起住立佛前，具以十夢次第而說，說已復言：『我以此緣，恐於壽命有所損失，願佛悲愍為我開決。』佛言：『大王！勿怖勿怖！如所得夢皆非汝事，亦非今時善惡之相，於汝壽命亦無損失。大王當知，是未來世中人壽百歲時，有佛出世名釋迦牟尼十號具足，彼佛住世演說諸法教化眾生，如其所應作佛事已而入涅槃，入涅槃後於遺法中苾芻弟子諸所作事，王今此夢是彼前相，我今為王次第而說。如王所夢有一大象從窓牖出，身雖得出尾為窓礙者，是彼佛入涅槃後，於遺法中有婆羅門長者居士若男若女，棄捨眷屬出家學道，雖出家已，心猶貪著名利俗事不能解脫。如王所夢有一渴人井隨其後，是人寧忍於渴終不取飲者，是彼遺法中有諸苾芻，為婆羅門長者居士說佛經典，彼婆羅門等心生厭捨不樂聽受。如王所夢有人以其真珠貿易於󰉓者，是彼遺法中有諸苾芻弟子，不能依佛正典修習根力覺道禪定出世間法，而復愛樂修習世間經書呪術歌詠言頌。如王所夢有人以其栴檀香木貿易常木者，是彼遺法中有諸苾芻，以佛經典，貿易世間經書外道典籍。如王所夢有諸小象驅大香象奔走而出者，是彼遺法中有諸破戒無德苾芻，見彼持戒有德苾芻眾共嫌惡，巧設方便擯令遠去。如王所夢有一大園華果茂盛，忽為猛風吹落散壞者，是彼遺法中有諸清淨持戒具德多聞苾芻，安止僧伽藍摩，為彼所有不修身不修心不修慧麁惡苾芻眾共毀壞彼僧伽藍摩；如是壞已，復令清淨苾芻最勝事業亦悉破壞。如王所夢有一獼猴身有糞穢，四向馳走污諸獼猴，眾皆迴避者，是彼遺法中有諸破戒苾芻，自破淨戒不具慚愧，而復返於清淨信心王臣之前，毀謗持戒有德苾芻。如王所夢有一獼猴於一處坐，有眾獼猴為作灌頂者，是彼遺法中不修勝行無德苾芻，眾共成立為僧中上首，統攝有德修勝行者。如王所夢一張白㲲有十八人，各各執奪少分而㲲不破者，是彼遺法中有諸弟子異見興執，以佛教法分十八部，雖復如是而佛教法亦不破壞。如王所夢有多人眾聚集一處，互相鬪諍論競是非者，是彼遺法中有諸苾芻，聚集議論世間名聞利養等事，由此因緣互相鬪諍不能寂靜，漸使世尊清淨法滅。大王！如是十夢皆非汝事，是彼之相汝不應怖，壽命無失宜自安意。』爾時，哀愍王聞佛為說所夢事已，心大歡喜，禮彼佛足還復王宮。諸苾芻！彼迦葉如來，為哀愍王說所夢已，復為眾會說四諦法，時彼會中有八萬四千人，皆悉見諦而獲利益。諸苾芻！於汝意云何？彼金鬘女，於彼佛法中為哀愍王作善知識建立佛事者，豈異人乎？即今善無毒女是。諸苾芻！是故當知此善無毒女，已於過去佛法中為善知識，今於我法中亦與多人為善知識，使令多人皆獲利益。」

爾時，諸苾芻復白佛言：「世尊！彼迦葉佛時金鬘女者，以何因緣生已自然頂有金鬘？又復何緣得生王家受大富樂？」

佛言：「諸苾芻！彼金鬘女過去世時，於波羅奈國為一貧女，周行求乞諸莊嚴具及以塗香。於一緣覺塔中，莊嚴塗飾起清淨心，發是願言：『願我以此善根，世世所生頂有金鬘，生大富家富貴自在，施作佛事。』諸苾芻！彼時貧女者，即彼迦葉佛法中金鬘女是，以其善根及大願力，於五百生中在在處處生已，自然頂有金鬘。諸苾芻！是故今時此善無毒女，以其過去善根及大願力，今得生此給孤獨長者大富之家，而善開導施作佛事。是故當知，決定善業決定善報，於一切時一切處無能散失。彼彼業因彼彼果報，如外地界彼堅實性，而非水火風界流潤等性，如是蘊處界等彼彼差別，所有一切眾生作善惡業，亦復如是。彼彼業因差別有異，彼彼果報所得非一，假使經於百劫之中，而因果法決定無失。」

佛言：「諸苾芻！是故善男子善女人，應當於佛法僧深生淨信尊重恭敬，於此經典諦信受持，宣通流布如理修行。汝等諸苾芻！亦如是修學。」

爾時，世尊為諸苾芻說善無毒女往昔因緣已，如先已為善無毒女及謨尸羅長者眷屬，乃至福增城中婆羅門長者居士等，并餘一切天人大眾，隨其所應宣說正法各獲利益。于時世尊及苾芻眾，即於會中隱身不現，至舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園還復現身。

佛說此經已，善無毒女等長者諸眷屬，諸苾芻等，一切大眾聞佛所說，皆大歡喜，信受奉行。

## 佛說給孤長者女得度因緣經卷下