---
title: "楞嚴經集註 · 四明變化密移"
description: "楞嚴經集註是宋代高僧思坦對《楞嚴經》的重要註解，成書於北宋時期，反映了當時佛教義學研究的深度。該註疏以天台宗思想為基礎，系統闡釋了《楞嚴經》中「常住真心」的核心教義，詳細解說了二十五圓通、五十陰魔等關鍵內容，並融合了禪淨思想。作為漢傳佛教的重要註釋典籍，它不僅保存了宋代佛教的詮釋傳統，更為後世研究《楞嚴經》提供了權威範本，在中國佛教史上具有承先啟後的地位，至今仍是研習楞嚴思想的重要參考文獻。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmab09nrp00onl904j5qulinb"
---

佛言：大王！汝之形容應不頓朽。王言：世尊！變化密移我誠不覺，寒暑遷流漸至於此。何以故？我年二十雖號年少，顏貌已老初十歲時，三十之年又衰二十，於今六十又過於二，觀五十時宛然強壯。世尊！我見密移雖此殂落，其間流易且限十年。若復令我微細思惟，其變寧唯一紀、二紀，實為年變；豈唯年變，亦兼月化；何直月化，兼又日遷。沈思諦觀，剎那剎那念念之間不得停住，故知我身終從變滅。

> The Buddha said, "Great King, your appearance should not have aged so suddenly." The King replied, "World-Honored One, the transformation has been so subtle and continuous that I truly did not perceive it. The passage of cold and heat, the shifting of seasons, gradually brought me to this state. Why? When I was twenty, though still called young, my appearance had already aged compared to when I was ten. At thirty, I had declined further from twenty. Now at sixty-two, looking back at fifty, I seemed then still strong and robust. World-Honored One, I have observed this subtle transformation and the decay it brings, yet I have only measured it in spans of ten years. If I were to contemplate more deeply, would the change be limited to one or two decades? Indeed, it is change year by year; not only year by year, but also month by month; not merely month by month, but also day by day. Reflecting profoundly and observing closely, in every instant, in every thought, there is no stopping. Thus I know that this body will ultimately undergo change and extinction."

答：有二相：一、約麤相順觀，則以十年為限，始從十歲增至六十，又過於二，猶云六十有二也。殂落，猶云遷謝也。二、約細相逆觀，則始從一紀減至一年，年減為月，月減為日，以至剎那也。十二年曰紀，前麤相十年而增，此細相一紀而減者，由向自云六十又過於二，觀五十時宛然強壯，則是以今六十有二反觀五十，是為一紀，故約紀而減。

> Answer: There are two aspects to this: First, looking at it in terms of broad characteristics and following the natural order, we take a span of ten years as the unit. Starting from age ten, we count up to sixty, and then add two more years, so it is said to be sixty-two. "To pass away" means the gradual decline and departure of life. Second, looking at it in terms of fine details and reversing the order, we start from a period of twelve years and reduce it down to one year, then from a year reduce it to months, from months reduce it to days, and so on down to a single instant. Twelve years is called a "period." In the broad view, we increase by ten years at a time, but in this fine view, we decrease by one period at a time. This is because, as the text itself says, "sixty and two more," when we observe ourselves at fifty, we still seem vigorous and strong. Thus, from our current age of sixty-two, we look back to fifty, which spans one period of twelve years, so we calculate the decrease in terms of such periods.

資中云：俱舍云：時之極小名剎那。

> A moment so brief it cannot be divided further is called an instant.

熏聞云：仁王云：一念中有九十剎那，一剎那經九百生滅，時之極長，名之為劫。

> Xunwen says: The Benevolent King Sutra states: Within a single thought there are ninety kshanas, and each kshana passes through nine hundred arising and ceasing moments. The extremely long span of time is called a kalpa.

熏聞云：荊溪云：邊高中下，邊下中高，皆名為宛。顯了可見故也。

> Xunwen says: Jingxi remarks, “When the edges are high and the center is low, or when the edges are low and the center is high, both are termed ‘curved’ or ‘hollowed’—because they are clearly visible and discernible.”