---
title: "金剛經解義 · 善現起請分第二"
description: "《金刚经解义》是唐代禅宗六祖慧能对佛教经典《金刚经》的注释与阐释。慧能作为中国禅宗的重要代表人物，其解义融合了禅宗顿悟思想，强调直指人心、见性成佛。该书以通俗易懂的语言解读《金刚经》核心教义，如“应无所住而生其心”“凡所有相皆是虚妄”等，破除执着、倡导无相修行。在佛教史上具有重要地位，既是禅宗思想的重要文献，也为后世理解《金刚经》提供了权威视角，对汉传佛教发展影响深远。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmauowj960006jv047hzfwpdv"
---

### ○善現起請分第二

> Chapter 2: Subhuti's Request

時長老須菩提，

> At that time, the elder Subhuti,

何名長老？德尊年高，故名長老。須菩提是梵語，唐言解空，

> What is meant by "Elder"? One who is respected for their virtue and advanced in years is called an Elder. "Subhūti" is a Sanskrit name; in Chinese, it means "Understanding Emptiness."

在大眾中，即從座起，偏袒右肩，右膝著地，合掌恭敬而白佛言：

> Then, from within the assembly, he rose from his seat, bared his right shoulder, knelt on his right knee, placed his palms together respectfully, and addressed the Buddha, saying:

隨眾所坐，故云即從座起。弟子請益，先行五種儀：一者、從坐而起；二者、端整衣服；三者、偏袒右肩，右膝著地；四者、合掌瞻仰尊顏，目不暫捨；五者、一心恭敬，以伸問辭。

> He arose from his seat, following the assembly's seating arrangement, hence it is said, "then he arose from his seat." When a disciple seeks to ask a question, he first performs five rituals: first, rising from his seat; second, straightening his robes; third, baring his right shoulder and placing his right knee on the ground; fourth, joining his palms and gazing respectfully at the master's face, without letting his eyes stray; fifth, with a single-minded reverence, he presents his inquiry.

希有！世尊

> How rare! World-Honored One.

希有，略說三義：第一、希有能捨金輪王位；第二、希有身長丈六、紫磨金容，三十二相八十種好，三界無比；第三、希有，性能含吐八萬四千法，三身圓備。以具上三義，故云希有也。世尊者，智慧超過三界，無有能及者，德高更無有上，一切咸恭敬，故曰世尊。

> Rare indeed. Briefly stated, there are three reasons for this rarity: First, it is rare to renounce the throne of a golden-wheel-turning king. Second, it is rare to possess a body sixteen feet tall, with skin like refined gold, adorned with the thirty-two major marks and eighty minor characteristics, unequaled throughout the three realms. Third, it is rare to have a nature capable of expressing the eighty-four thousand teachings, perfectly embodying the three bodies. Because he possesses these three rare qualities, he is called "Rare." As for "World-Honored One": his wisdom surpasses the three realms, with none who can equal him; his virtue is supreme, with none above him; all beings revere and honor him—therefore he is called the World-Honored One.

如來善護念諸菩薩，善付囑諸菩薩。

> The Tathagata skillfully watches over and guides the bodhisattvas, and skillfully entrusts them with the teachings.

護念者，如來以般若波羅蜜法護念諸菩薩。付囑者，如來以般若波羅蜜法付囑須菩提。諸大菩薩言善護念者，令諸學人以般若智護念自身心，不令妄起憎愛，染外六塵，墮生死苦海，於自心中念念常正，不令邪起，自性如來自善護念。言善付囑者，前念清淨付囑，後念後念清淨，無有間斷，究竟解脫。如來委曲誨示眾生及在會之眾，當常行此，故云善付囑也。菩薩者，梵語，唐言道心眾生，亦云覺有情。道心者，常行恭敬，乃至蠢動含靈，普敬愛之，無輕慢心，故名菩薩。

> To protect and bear in mind means that the Tathagata uses the Dharma of Prajna Paramita to protect and bear in mind all Bodhisattvas. To entrust means that the Tathagata uses the Dharma of Prajna Paramita to entrust Subhuti. When the great Bodhisattvas speak of "skillfully protecting and bearing in mind," they mean enabling all learners to use the wisdom of Prajna to protect and bear in mind their own body and mind, preventing the reckless arising of hatred and attachment, being stained by the external six dusts, and falling into the bitter sea of birth and death. In their own minds, thought after thought should always be upright, preventing the arising of evil, and the self-nature of the Tathagata will naturally skillfully protect and bear in mind. Speaking of "skillfully entrusting" means entrusting the previous thought to purity, and the subsequent thoughts, one after another, to purity, without interruption, ultimately attaining liberation. The Tathagata carefully instructs all sentient beings and the assembly present, urging them to constantly practice this, hence it is called "skillfully entrusting." Bodhisattva is a Sanskrit term, which in Chinese means "a sentient being with the mind of the Way," also called "an awakened being with compassion." Having the mind of the Way means always practicing reverence, even toward the smallest creatures with consciousness, universally respecting and loving them without a heart of contempt or arrogance, thus called a Bodhisattva.

世尊！善男子、善女人，

> World-Honored One! For virtuous men and virtuous women,

善男子者，平坦心也，亦是正定心也，能成就一切功德，所往無礙也。善女人者，是正慧心也。由正慧心，能出生一切有為無為功德也，

> A good man is one with an even, balanced mind, a mind of right concentration. Such a mind can accomplish all virtuous qualities and move without obstruction. A good woman is one with right wisdom. From right wisdom, all conditioned and unconditioned virtuous qualities are born.

發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心。云何應住？云何降伏其心？

> When one resolves to attain Supreme Perfect Enlightenment, how should one abide? How should one subdue the mind?

須菩提問：一切發菩提心人應云何住？云何降伏其心？須菩提！見一切眾生躁擾不停，猶如隙塵，搖動之心起如飄風，念念相續無有間歇，問：欲修行如何降伏？

> Subhuti asked: "For all those who aspire to attain enlightenment, how should they abide? How should they subdue their minds?" "Subhuti! Observe all living beings—restless and unsettled, like dust dancing in a sunbeam. Their agitated thoughts arise like a gusting wind, one thought after another without pause. I ask: For those who wish to practice, how can they subdue this?"

佛言：善哉，善哉！須菩提！如汝所說，如來善護念諸菩薩，善付囑諸菩薩，

> The Buddha said: Excellent, excellent, Subhuti! Just as you have said, the Tathagata skillfully protects and guides all bodhisattvas, and skillfully entrusts them with the teachings.

是佛讚嘆須菩提，善得我心，善得我意也。

> The Buddha praised Subhuti, saying, "You have truly grasped my heart and understood my meaning."

汝今諦聽，當為汝說。

> Listen carefully now, and I will explain it to you.

佛欲說法，常先戒敕，令諸聽者一心靜默，吾當為說。

> When the Buddha was about to teach the Dharma, he would first instruct the listeners to settle their minds in quiet stillness, and then he would begin to speak.

善男子．善女人發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心，應如是住，如是降伏其心。

> Good men and good women who have set their minds on attaining Supreme Perfect Enlightenment should dwell in this way and subdue their minds in this way.

阿之言無，耨多羅之言上，三之言正，藐之言徧，菩提之言知；無者，無諸垢染。上者，三界無能比。正者，正見也。偏者，一切智也。知者，知一切有情皆有佛性，但能修行盡得成佛。佛者即是無上清淨般若波羅蜜也。是以一切善男子、善女人若欲修行，應知無上菩提道，應知無上清淨般若波羅蜜多法，以此降伏其心也。

> "Anuttara" means unsurpassed, "samyak" means correct, "sambodhi" means universal enlightenment. Unsurpassed means free from all defilements. It is beyond comparison in the three realms. Correct means right view. Universal means omniscient wisdom. Enlightenment means knowing that all sentient beings possess Buddha-nature, and through practice, all can attain Buddhahood. Buddhahood is the unsurpassed, pure prajna paramita. Therefore, all virtuous men and women who wish to practice should understand the path of unsurpassed enlightenment, should understand the unsurpassed, pure prajna paramita method, and use it to subdue their minds.

唯然，世尊！願樂欲聞。

> Yes, World-Honored One. We are eager to listen.

唯然者，應諾之辭。願樂者，願佛廣說，令中下根機盡得開悟。樂者，樂聞深法。欲聞者，渴仰慈誨也。

> "Yes, indeed" is an expression of agreement. "We earnestly wish" means we hope the Buddha will expound extensively, so that those of medium and lower capacities may all attain awakening. "We delight" means we take joy in hearing the profound Dharma. "We desire to hear" expresses our deep thirst and reverence for the compassionate teaching.