---
title: "大唐西域記（校點本） · 小石嶺影窟"
description: "大唐西域记是唐代高僧玄奘口述、弟子辩机编撰的佛教地理著作，成书于贞观二十年（646年）。全书十二卷，详细记载了玄奘西行求法途经的110国及传闻28国的地理、历史、宗教、民俗等，是研究7世纪中亚和南亚历史文化的珍贵文献。作为佛教传播史的重要典籍，该书不仅记录了印度佛教圣迹与教义发展，更展现了丝绸之路的文化交流。其严谨的纪实风格与丰富的佛教史料，使之成为汉传佛教史上的里程碑式著作，对后世佛教研究及中外文化交流具有不可替代的学术价值。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmaxsloae00hljs042whdm44j"
---

### 小石嶺影窟

> Stone Cliff Shadow Cave

城西南二十餘里至小石嶺，有伽藍，高堂重閣，積石所成。庭宇寂寥，絕無僧侶。中有窣堵波，高二百餘尺，無憂王之所建也。

> Twenty-some li southwest of the city, one arrives at Lesser Stone Ridge. There stands a saṅghārāma with lofty halls and layered pavilions, all built of piled stone. Its courtyards and buildings are silent and deserted, utterly without monks. Within it is a stūpa, over two hundred feet high, constructed by King Aśoka.

伽藍西南，深澗陗絕，瀑布飛流，縣崖壁立。東岸石壁有大洞穴，瞿波羅龍之所居也。門徑狹小，窟穴冥闇，崖石津滴，蹊徑餘流。昔有佛影，煥若真容，相好具足，儼然如在。近代已來，人不徧覩，縱有所見，髣髴而已。至誠祈請，有冥感者，乃暫明視，尚不能久。昔如來在世之時，此龍為牧牛之土，供王乳酪，進奉失宜，既獲譴責，心懷恚恨，即以金錢買花，供養受記窣堵波，願為惡龍，破國害王，即趣石壁，投身而死，遂居此窟，為大龍王，便欲出穴，成本惡願。適起此心，如來已鑒，愍此國人為龍所害，運神通力，自中印度至龍所。龍見如來，毒心遂止，受不殺戒，願護正法，因請如來常居此窟，諸聖弟子恆受我供。如來告曰：「吾將寂滅，為汝留影，遣五羅漢常受汝供。正法隱沒，其事無替。汝若毒心奮怒，當觀吾留影，以慈善故，毒心當止。此賢劫中當來世尊，亦悲愍汝，皆留影像。」影窟門外有二方石，其一石上有如來足蹈之迹，輪相微現，光明時燭。影窟左右多諸石室，皆是如來諸聖弟子入定之處。影窟西北隅有窣堵波，是如來經行之處。其側窣堵波有如來髮、爪。鄰此不遠有窣堵波，是如來顯暢真宗說蘊界處之所也。影窟西有大盤石，如來嘗於其上濯澣袈裟，文影微現。

> To the southwest of the monastery, a deep ravine descends steeply, where a waterfall cascades and flows swiftly, and sheer cliffs stand like walls. On the eastern bank of the cliff, there is a large cave—the dwelling of the Nāga King Gopāla. The entrance is narrow, the cavern dark and obscure; water drips from the damp rock, and trickling streams moisten the path. In ancient times, there was a shadow of the Buddha, radiant as if his true form were present, complete with all marks and characteristics, solemnly appearing as if he were there. In recent times, however, people seldom see it in full; even if something is glimpsed, it is but a faint semblance. Only through sincere prayer and profound spiritual resonance does it become briefly visible, yet still not for long. In the past, when the Tathāgata was in the world, this nāga was a cowherd who offered curds and milk to the king. Having presented them improperly, he incurred reproach. Resentful and angry, he used gold coins to buy flowers and made offerings at the stūpa of prophecy, vowing to become a malicious dragon to destroy the kingdom and harm the king. Then he went to the cliff, threw himself to his death, and thereafter dwelled in this cave as a great nāga king. As he was about to leave the cave to fulfill his wicked vow, the Tathāgata, aware of his intention, took pity on the people of the land who would be harmed by the dragon. Employing his supernatural power, he came from Central India to the dragon’s abode. When the dragon saw the Tathāgata, his venomous mind ceased. He received the precept against killing and vowed to protect the true Dharma. He then requested the Tathāgata to dwell permanently in this cave and that the holy disciples might always receive his offerings. The Tathāgata told him, “I am about to enter parinirvāṇa, but I shall leave my shadow for you. I will also send five arhats to receive your offerings continually. Even when the true Dharma becomes concealed, these arrangements will not cease. Whenever your venomous mind stirs in rage, gaze upon the shadow I leave behind; out of compassion, your malice will subside. The future Buddhas of this Bhadrakalpa will also take pity on you and leave their images here.” Outside the entrance of the shadow-cave are two square stones. On one of them is the imprint of the Tathāgata’s foot, with the wheel-mark faintly visible, emitting light from time to time. To the left and right of the shadow-cave are many stone chambers where the Tathāgata’s holy disciples entered meditation. Northwest of the shadow-cave stands a stūpa marking where the Tathāgata used to walk in meditation. Beside it is another stūpa containing the Tathāgata’s hair and nails. Not far from there is yet another stūpa, where the Tathāgata expounded the true doctrine concerning the aggregates, elements, and sense bases. West of the shadow-cave lies a large flat rock on which the Tathāgata once washed his saṅghāṭī robe; the pattern of its weave remains faintly visible.