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  1. The Great Vehicle One Hundred Dharmas Illuminating the Gateway Treatise (大乘百法明門論)
  1. Mahāyāna One Hundred Dharmas Illuminating the Gateway (大乘百法明門論)
  2. The Great Vehicle One Hundred Dharmas Illuminating the Gateway Treatise (大乘百法明門論)

Mahāyāna One Hundred Dharmas Illuminating the Gateway (大乘百法明門論)

About 大乘百法明門論

Tang · by 天親菩薩造 · Source text translated by 玄奘

578 · about 2 min

The Treatise on the Hundred Dharmas of the Mahayana, composed by the Indian Bodhisattva Vasubandhu, was translated by the eminent monk Xuanzang of the Tang Dynasty. This treatise belongs to the important scriptures of the Consciousness-Only school, encompassing all phenomena of the universe through one hundred dharmas, which are systematically classified into five major categories: mind, mental factors, form, conditioned factors not associated with mind, and unconditioned dharmas. It systematically expounds the Consciousness-Only school's understanding of the nature of all dharmas. The treatise provides a concise analysis of the relationship between the structure of consciousness and the phenomenal world, offering practitioners a clear framework for analyzing the characteristics of dharmas. In Chinese Buddhism, this treatise, along with the Verses on the Eight Consciousnesses, serves as an essential introductory text to the Consciousness-Only teachings. It has profoundly influenced the development of Consciousness-Only thought in later generations and remains a foundational document for the study of the Dharma-Characteristics and Consciousness-Only school, continuing to be a core textbook in Buddhist academies.


大乘百法明門論本事分中略錄名數

Mahayana Treatise on the One Hundred Dharmas: Abridged Enumeration of Terms from the Fundamental Divisions

天親菩薩造

Composed by Bodhisattva Vasubandhu

大唐三藏法師玄奘譯

Translated by the Tang Dynasty Tripitaka Master Xuanzang

如世尊言「一切法無我」。何等一切法?云何為無我?一切法者略有五種:一者心法、二者心所有法、三者色法、四者心不相應行法、五者無為法。一切最勝故,與此相應故,二所現影故,三分位差別故,四所顯示故。如是次第。第一心法,略有八種:一眼識、二耳識、三鼻識、四舌識、五身識、六意識、七末那識、八阿賴耶識。

The World-Honored One taught that "all dharmas lack a self." What are all dharmas? And what does it mean to lack a self? All dharmas can be briefly grouped into five categories: first, the mind; second, mental factors; third, physical matter; fourth, states not associated with the mind; and fifth, unconditioned dharmas. (Among these,) the mind is foremost; mental factors arise in association with it; physical matter appears as their reflection; states not associated with the mind are distinctions based on conditions; and unconditioned dharmas are what these reveal. This is the order.

The first category—the mind—has eight types: (1) eye consciousness, (2) ear consciousness, (3) nose consciousness, (4) tongue consciousness, (5) body consciousness, (6) mental consciousness, (7) the seventh consciousness (manas), and (8) the eighth consciousness (alaya).

第二心所有法,略有五十一種,分為六位:一遍行有五、二別境有五、三善有十一、四煩惱有六、五隨煩惱有二十、六不定有四。一遍行五者,一作意、二觸、三受、四想、五思。二別境五者,一欲、二勝解、三念、四定、五慧。三善十一者,一信、二精進、三慚、四愧、五無貪、六無嗔、七無癡、八輕安、九不放逸、十行捨、十一不害。四煩惱六者,一貪、二嗔、三慢、四無明、五疑、六不正見。五隨煩惱二十者,一忿、二恨、三惱、四覆、五誑、六諂、七憍、八害、九嫉、十慳、十一無慚、十二無愧、十三不信、十四懈怠、十五放逸、十六惛沈、十七掉舉、十八失念、十九不正知、二十散亂。六不定四者,一睡眠、二惡作、三尋、四伺。

The secondary mental factors total fifty-one, which are divided into six categories:

First, the five universal mental factors: 1. Attention, 2. Contact, 3. Feeling, 4. Perception, 5. Volition.

Second, the five particular mental factors: 1. Desire, 2. Resolve, 3. Mindfulness, 4. Concentration, 5. Wisdom.

Third, the eleven wholesome mental factors: 1. Faith, 2. Diligence, 3. Shame, 4. Remorse, 5. Non-greed, 6. Non-hatred, 7. Non-delusion, 8. Tranquility, 9. Vigilance, 10. Equanimity, 11. Non-harm.

Fourth, the six basic afflictions: 1. Greed, 2. Hatred, 3. Arrogance, 4. Ignorance, 5. Doubt, 6. Wrong views.

Fifth, the twenty secondary afflictions: 1. Anger, 2. Resentment, 3. Spite, 4. Concealment, 5. Deceit, 6. Flattery, 7. Pride, 8. Malice, 9. Jealousy, 10. Stinginess, 11. Shamelessness, 12. Lack of remorse, 13. Lack of faith, 14. Laziness, 15. Carelessness, 16. Dullness, 17. Restlessness, 18. Forgetfulness, 19. Lack of awareness, 20. Distraction.

Sixth, the four indeterminate mental factors: 1. Sleep, 2. Regret, 3. Investigation, 4. Analysis.

第三色法,略有十一種:一眼、二耳、三鼻、四舌、五身、六色、七聲、八香、九味、十觸、十一法處所攝色。

The third category, physical phenomena, includes eleven types in brief: (1) eyes, (2) ears, (3) nose, (4) tongue, (5) body, (6) visible forms, (7) sounds, (8) smells, (9) tastes, (10) tangible objects, and (11) mental objects that are classified as physical.

第四心不相應行法,略有二十四種:一得、二命根、三眾同分、四異生性、五無想定、六滅盡定、七無想報、八名身、九句身、十文身、十一生、十二老、十三住、十四無常、十五流轉、十六定異、十七相應、十八勢速、十九次第、二十方、二十一時、二十二數、二十三和合性、二十四不和合性。

The fourth category, the unassociated mental formations, consists briefly of twenty-four types:

1. Acquisition 2. Life faculty 3. Shared characteristics among beings 4. Unenlightened nature 5. The state of no-thought (imperturbable absorption) 6. The state of complete cessation (cessation of feeling and perception) 7. The result of the no-thought state (in the formless realm) 8. Phrase groups 9. Sentence groups 10. Syllable groups (text components) 11. Birth 12. Aging 13. Duration 14. Impermanence 15. Cyclic existence 16. Distinctness (fixed diversity) 17. Correspondence (interrelation) 18. Swiftness (rapidity of change) 19. Sequential order 20. Spatial location 21. Time 22. Number 23. Harmony 24. Discord

第五無為法者,略有六種:一虛空無為、二擇滅無為、三非擇滅無為、四不動滅無為、五想受滅無為、六真如無為。

The fifth category, the Unconditioned Dharmas, briefly includes six types:

1. Space-like Unconditioned 2. Unconditioned through Discernment 3. Unconditioned without Discernment 4. Unconditioned of the Cessation of Sensation 5. Unconditioned of the Cessation of Perception and Feeling 6. Unconditioned of Suchness

言無我者,略有二種:一補特伽羅無我、二法無我。

When we speak of "no-self," there are generally two types: first, the no-self of the individual person, and second, the no-self of all phenomena.

大乘百法明門論

Mahayana Treatise on the Hundred Dharmas


CBETA Code: T1614

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Copyright: Original texts from CBETA
AI translation for reference only — not authoritative, not a statement of final truth. Awakening of the Dharma requires personal practice.