---
title: "增壹阿含經 · 5"
description: "增壹阿含經是佛教重要经典之一，由东晋时期译经师瞿昙僧伽提婆翻译。该经属于早期佛教阿含部经典，以数字递增方式组织教义，从一到十逐层阐述佛法要义，涵盖四圣谛、八正道、因果业报等核心思想。经文内容包含佛陀开示、弟子问答及修行指导，体系完整，是研究原始佛教的重要文献。作为汉传佛教根本经典之一，增壹阿含經在佛教史上具有崇高地位，为后世禅修与教理研究提供了重要依据，对东亚佛教发展影响深远。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmbrp1z7w033zlg04qfg18qz4"
---

### （五）

> (5)

聞如是：

> Thus have I heard:

一時，佛在舍衛國東苑鹿母園中，與大比丘眾五百人俱。

> At one time, the Buddha was staying in the Deer Mother's Garden in the eastern part of Shravasti, accompanied by a community of five hundred great monks.

是時，世尊七月十五日於露野地敷座，比丘僧前後圍遶，佛告阿難曰：「汝今於露地速擊揵椎。所以然者，今七月十五日是受歲之日。」

> At that time, on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, the World-Honored One sat on a seat arranged in an open field, surrounded by the community of monks before and behind. The Buddha said to Ananda, "Go now and quickly strike the wooden bell in the open air. Why? Because today, the fifteenth day of the seventh month, is the day of receiving the year's retreat."

是時，尊者阿難右膝著地，長跪叉手，便說此偈：

> At that time, the venerable Ananda knelt on his right knee, sat upright, and pressed his palms together in reverence, reciting this verse:

「淨眼無與等， 無事而不練，智慧無染著， 何等名受歲？」

> "Pure vision beyond compare, practiced in all things, Wisdom unstained — what does it mean to 'receive the years'?"

爾時，世尊復以偈報阿難曰：

> At that time, the World-Honored One again addressed Ananda in verse, saying:

「受歲三業淨， 身口意所作，兩兩比丘對， 自陳所作短。還自稱名字， 今日眾受歲，我亦淨意受， 唯願原其過。」

> "At year's end, three actions must be pure— What the body, speech, and mind have done. Monks pair off, facing one another, Each openly confesses what went wrong. They call their own names aloud, On this day the assembly marks year's end. I too receive with a purified heart, Only hoping faults may be forgiven."

爾時，阿難復以偈問其義曰：

> At that time, Ananda again asked about its meaning in verse:

「過去恒沙佛， 辟支及聲聞，盡是諸佛法？ 獨是釋迦文？」

> "Have the countless Buddhas of the past, The Pratyekas and the Sravakas, All taught the same Dharma? Or is this unique to Sakyamuni?"

爾時，佛復以偈報阿難曰：

> At that time, the Buddha spoke again to Ananda in verse:

「恒沙過去佛， 弟子清淨心，皆是諸佛法， 非今釋迦文。辟支無此法， 無歲無弟子，獨逝無伴侶， 不與他說法。當來佛世尊， 恒沙不可計，彼亦受此歲， 如今瞿曇法。」

> Countless Buddhas of the past, Their disciples with pure minds, All followed this same Dharma, Not just Shakyamuni of today. Pratyekabuddhas lack this path, No fixed years, no disciples, They wander alone without companions, And teach no Dharma to others. Future Buddhas, the World-Honored Ones, Countless as the sands of the Ganges, They too will observe these years, Just as the Dharma of Gautama does now.

是時，尊者阿難聞此語已，歡喜踊躍，不能自勝，即昇講堂，手執揵椎，並作是說：「我今擊此如來信鼓，諸有如來弟子眾者，盡當普集。」

> At that time, the Venerable Ananda, upon hearing these words, was filled with joy and elation, unable to contain himself. He ascended to the lecture hall, took up the wooden gong, and proclaimed: "Now I strike this drum of faith in the Tathāgata. Let all disciples of the Buddha gather together."

爾時，復說此偈：

> At that time, the following verse was spoken:

「降伏魔力怨， 除結無有餘，露地擊揵椎， 比丘聞當集。諸欲聞法人， 度流生死海，聞此妙響音， 盡當運集此。」

> Defeat the forces of evil and resentment, Eliminate all bonds without any trace left, Strike the wooden board out in the open, Monks who hear it should gather together. All who wish to hear the Dharma, And cross the sea of birth and death, Upon hearing this wondrous sound, Come gather here, every one of you.

爾時，尊者阿難已擊揵椎，至世尊所，頭面禮足，在一面住，白世尊言：「今正是時，唯願世尊何所勅使。」

> At that time, the Venerable Ananda had struck the wooden gong and went to the World-Honored One, prostrated himself at the Buddha's feet, and stood to one side, saying to the World-Honored One: "Now is the right time. Please, World-Honored One, what would you have me do?"

是時，世尊告阿難曰：「汝隨次坐，如來自當知時。」是時，世尊坐于草座告諸比丘：「汝等盡當坐于草座。」

> At that time, the World-Honored One said to Ananda, "Sit in your proper place; the Tathagata will know when the time is right." Then the World-Honored One sat on a mat of grass and addressed the monks, saying, "All of you should sit on mats of grass."

諸比丘對曰：「如是。世尊！」時，諸比丘各坐草座。

> The monks replied, "Yes, World-Honored One." Then each monk sat down on a grass mat.

是時，世尊默然觀諸比丘已，便勅諸比丘：「我今欲受歲。我無過咎於眾人乎？又不犯身、口、意？」如來說此語已，諸比丘默然不對。是時，復再三告諸比丘：「我今欲受歲。然我無過於眾人乎？」

> At that time, the World-Honored One silently observed the monks, and then addressed them: "Now I wish to observe the Rains Retreat. Have I committed any fault toward anyone? Have I transgressed in body, speech, or mind?" After the Tathāgata spoke these words, the monks remained silent and did not reply. Then, for a second and third time, he again asked the monks: "Now I wish to observe the Rains Retreat. But have I wronged anyone among you?"

是時，尊者舍利弗即從坐起，長跪叉手，白世尊言：「諸比丘眾觀察如來，無身、口、意過。所以然者，世尊今日不度者度，不脫者脫，不般涅槃者令般涅槃，無救者為作救護，盲者作眼目，為病者作大醫王，三界獨尊無能及者，最尊、最上，未起道意者使發道意，眾人未寤尊令寤之，未聞法者使令聞之，為迷者作徑路，恒以正法；以此事緣，如來無咎於眾人，亦無身、口、意過。」

> At that time, the Venerable Shariputra rose from his seat, knelt with palms together, and said to the World-Honored One: "All the monks who observe the Tathagata find no fault in his body, speech, or mind. Why is this? Because the World-Honored One today liberates those not yet liberated, frees those not yet freed, helps those not yet awakened to attain nirvana, rescues those without refuge, gives eyes to the blind, and serves as the great healer for the sick. Alone honoring the three realms, none can surpass him—he is the most exalted, the highest. For those who have not yet awakened the aspiration for the path, he inspires it; for those still asleep, he wakes them; for those who have not heard the Dharma, he enables them to hear it. He becomes a path for the lost, always guiding with true Dharma. Because of all this, the Tathagata bears no fault toward anyone, nor is there any flaw in his body, speech, or mind."

是時，舍利弗白世尊言：「我今向如來自陳，然無咎於如來及比丘僧乎？」

> At that time, Shariputra said to the World-Honored One, "I now speak openly to the Tathāgata, yet do I incur no fault in the eyes of the Tathāgata and the monastic community?"

世尊告曰：「汝今，舍利弗！都無身、口、意所作非行。所以然者，汝今智慧無能及者，種種智慧、無量智慧、無邊之智、無與等智、疾智、捷智、甚深之智、平等之智，少欲知足，樂靜之處，多諸方便，念不錯亂，總持三昧，根原具足：戒成就、三昧成就、智慧成就、解脫成就、解脫見慧成就，勇悍能忍，所說無惡，不為非法，心性庠序，不行卒暴。猶如轉輪聖王最大太子，當紹王位，轉於法輪。舍利弗亦如是，轉於無上法輪，諸天、世人及龍、鬼、魔、若魔天，本所不轉，汝今所說，常如法義，未曾違理。」

> The World-Honored One said: "Shariputra, you have no unwholesome deeds of body, speech, or mind. Why? Because your wisdom is beyond compare—manifold wisdom, boundless wisdom, immeasurable wisdom, unequaled wisdom, swift wisdom, sharp wisdom, profound wisdom, and balanced wisdom. You are content with little, delight in quiet places, skillful in many means, free from confusion in thought, holding firmly to meditative concentration, complete in all roots of virtue: perfect in ethical conduct, perfect in concentration, perfect in wisdom, perfect in liberation, and perfect in the knowledge and vision of liberation. You are courageous and patient, speaking no harm, practicing nothing unwholesome, with a composed mind and gentle nature, never acting rashly. Just as the eldest son of a universal monarch is destined to inherit the throne and turn the wheel of Dharma, so too, Shariputra, do you turn the supreme wheel of Dharma—a wheel never turned before by gods, humans, dragons, spirits, demons, or celestial beings. What you speak is always in accord with the true meaning of the Dharma, never contrary to reason."

是時，舍利弗白佛言：「此五百比丘盡當受歲。此五百人盡無咎於如來乎？」

> At that time, Shariputra said to the Buddha, "These five hundred monks are all about to observe the rains retreat. Have any of these five hundred people committed any offense against the Tathagata?"

世尊告曰：「亦不責此五百比丘身、口、意行。所以然者，此舍利弗大眾之中極為清淨，無有瑕穢，今此眾中最小下坐，得須陀洹道，必當上及不退轉法；以是之故，我不怨責此眾。」

> The World-Honored One said, "I do not fault these five hundred monks for their actions of body, speech, or mind. Why is that? Shariputra's assembly is extremely pure, without any blemish or impurity. Even the most junior member of this assembly has already attained the stage of Stream-Enterer, and will surely advance to the irreversible path. For this reason, I do not blame or censure this assembly."

爾時，多耆奢在此眾中即從坐起，前至世尊所，頭面禮足，白世尊言：「我今堪任欲有所論。」

> At that time, Togisha, who was present in the assembly, rose from his seat, approached the World-Honored One, bowed with his head at the Buddha's feet, and said: "I now wish to offer some words, if I may."

世尊告曰：「欲有所說，今正是時。」

> The World-Honored One said, "If you wish to speak, now is the right time."

多耆奢即於佛前歎佛及比丘僧，而說此偈：

> Dakṣa then praised the Buddha and the community of monks before the Buddha, and spoke this verse:

「十五清淨日， 五百比丘集，諸結縛悉解， 無愛更不生。轉輪大聖王， 群臣所圍遶，普遍諸世界， 天上及世間。大將人中尊， 為人作導師，弟子樂徒從， 三達六通徹。皆是真佛子， 無有塵垢者，能斷欲愛刺， 今日自歸命。」

> On the fifteenth day of purity, Five hundred monks gathered as one. All bonds and fetters were released, No craving left, no rebirth to come. The great wheel-turning king, Surrounded by his ministers, Shines across all worlds— Heaven above and earth below. The great general, foremost among humans, Leads the way for all beings. His disciples delight in following, Possessing the three insights and six powers. All are true children of the Buddha, Free from any stain or dust. They have cut the thorn of desire— Today, I take refuge in them.

爾時，世尊可多耆奢所說。是時，多耆奢作是念：「如來今日可我所說。」歡喜踊躍，不能自勝，即從坐起，禮佛却退，還就本位。

> At that time, the World-Honored One approved what Dakṣiṇa uttered. Then Dakṣiṇa thought: "The Thus-Gone One has approved my words today." Overjoyed and unable to contain himself, he rose from his seat, bowed to the Buddha, stepped back, and returned to his original place.

爾時，世尊告諸比丘：「我聲聞中第一造偈弟子，所謂多耆奢比丘是。所說無疑難，亦是多耆奢比丘是也。」

> At that time, the World-Honored One said to the monks: "Among my disciples, the foremost in composing verses is the monk Dhaṭṭha. He who speaks without hesitation or difficulty is also the monk Dhaṭṭha."

爾時，諸比丘聞佛所說，歡喜奉行。

> At that time, all the monks heard what the Buddha had taught, rejoiced, and faithfully put it into practice.