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Diamond Sutra Definitive Meaning (金剛經訂義)

About 金剛經訂義

Qing · by 俞樾著

3,134 · about 10 min

The "Diamond Sutra with Rectified Meanings" by the Qing dynasty scholar Yu Yue is a rigorously researched exegetical work. Employing the textual criticism methods of the Qian-Jia school, Yu Yue collates and analyzes the text of the Diamond Sutra, correcting previous misinterpretations while harmonizing Confucian and Buddhist thought. This work not only clarifies difficult passages in the sutra but also delves deeply into elucidating the principle of prajñā and śūnyatā, reflecting the characteristic interreligious scholarship of late Qing academia. As a representative example of scholarly scriptural commentary, it provides important textual evidence and doctrinal reference for Diamond Sutra studies, holding significant academic value within the field of Buddhist textual criticism.


金剛經訂義
德清 俞樾
其一
第二分云:善男子、善女人,發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心,應云何住?云何降伏其心?按心即阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心。住者,住此心也。降伏者,降伏此心也。俗解謂真心當住,使之不退轉。妄心當降伏,使之不擾亂。分別為二,殊失語氣,且非如來立教之旨也。下文佛言:應如是住,如是降伏其心。然詳通篇所言,言住者多,言降伏者少。蓋所謂不住色布施,不住聲、香、味、觸、法布施,皆以不住為住。以不住為住,則即住即降伏矣。其義莫明於第十七分所言。此一分本是申說前義,語較簡而意轉明也。其文曰:爾時須菩提白佛言:世尊!善男子、善女人,發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心,云何應住?云何降伏其心?佛告須菩提:善男子、善女人,發阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心者,當生如是心:我應滅度一切眾生,滅度一切眾生已,而無有一眾生實滅度者。按我應滅度一切眾生,即所謂應如是住也。滅度一切眾生已,而無有一眾生實滅度者,即所謂應如是降伏其心也。得此數語,覆讀第三分,則文義了然矣。故第四分末云:菩薩無住相布施。又云:菩薩但應如所教住。上文住為一義,降伏為一義,而此文不及降伏。蓋言但應如所教住,則即住即降伏矣。俗解不知,謂此住字作止字解,不住之住作染著解,殊失其旨。今以儒理言之。子貢問曰:有一言而可以終身行之者乎?子曰:其恕乎!己所不欲,勿施於人。即所謂應如是住也。子貢曰:我不欲人之加諸我也,我亦欲無加諸人。子曰:賜也,非爾所及也。即所謂應如是降伏其心也。子曰:衣敝縕袍,與衣狐貉者立,而不恥者,其由也與!不忮不求,何用不臧?即所謂應如是住也。子路終身誦之。子曰:是道也,何足以臧?即所謂應如是降伏其心也。蓋儒者之言曰:實若虗。而此經亦言:無實無虗。若無所住,則涉於虗矣;而有所住,則又滯於實矣。故應如是住,又應如是降伏其心。儒理佛理,一以貫之。

其二

CBETA Code: X0507

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