摩訶般若波羅蜜道行經持品第八
Chapter 8: The Practice of the Perfection of Wisdom
釋提桓因作是念:「其聞般若波羅蜜者,皆過去佛時人,何況學持諷誦,學持諷誦已如教住者,是人前世供養若干佛已,今復聞深般若波羅蜜,學持諷誦如教住,其人從過去佛時問事已,是善男子、善女人為更見過去三耶三佛,從聞深般若波羅蜜,以不疑不恐不難不畏。」
Lord Shakra (Indra) thought: "Those who hear this Prajna Paramita—the Perfection of Wisdom—are people who were already present in the time of the past Buddhas. How much more so those who study, uphold, and recite it, and who, having studied, upheld, and recited it, abide by its teachings as instructed. Such a person has made offerings to numerous Buddhas in their past lives. Now, having again encountered the profound Prajna Paramita, and studying, upholding, reciting it, and abiding by its teachings, this person has already sought guidance from past Buddhas. Such a good man or good woman has indeed met the fully enlightened Buddhas of the past. Having heard the profound Prajna Paramita, they feel no doubt, no fear, no difficulty, and no dread."
舍利弗白佛言:「菩薩摩訶薩信受深般若波羅蜜者,當視之如阿惟越致。何以故?天中天!般若波羅蜜甚深,本用精進信般若波羅蜜故,設有輕般若波羅蜜,其人前世時亦輕般若波羅蜜已。所以者何?用不信樂深般若波羅蜜,為不問佛及弟子之所致。以是故,當知之。」
Shariputra said to the Buddha: "Those who faithfully accept and uphold the profound Prajna Paramita should be regarded as irreversibly advanced. Why? O Bhagavat! The Prajna Paramita is extremely deep; one originally uses diligence and faith in it. Should anyone slight the Prajna Paramita, they must have also slighted it in prior lives. How so? Because of not believing and delighting in the deep Prajna Paramita, they fail to ask the Buddha and his disciples about it. Therefore, this should be known."
釋提桓因語尊者舍利弗:「般若波羅蜜者為甚深難及,其有說深般若波羅蜜,若不信者,其人為未行菩薩道,反持作難。自歸般若波羅蜜者,為自歸薩芸若慧已。」
Lord Shakra said to the Venerable Shariputra: "The Perfection of Wisdom is profound and difficult to attain. If someone speaks of the deep Perfection of Wisdom and others do not have faith in it, such people have not yet walked the Bodhisattva Path—instead, they create obstacles out of it. Those who take refuge in the Perfection of Wisdom have already taken refuge in the wisdom of All-Knowing."
舍利弗語釋提桓因:「如是,如是!拘翼!歸薩芸若慧者,以為自歸般若波羅蜜。何以故?從是中出怛薩阿竭、阿羅呵、三耶三佛、薩芸若。薩芸若慧者,是般若波羅蜜之所照明,於般若波羅蜜中住者無不解慧。」
Shariputra said to Sakra, "So it is, so it is, Kaushika! Those who take refuge in the wisdom of all-knowing take refuge in Prajñāpāramitā. Why? Because from this comes the Tathāgata, the Arhat, the Fully Enlightened One, and the wisdom of all-knowing. The wisdom of all-knowing is illuminated by Prajñāpāramitā. Those who dwell in Prajñāpāramitā are all awakened to wisdom without exception."
釋提桓因白佛言:「菩薩摩訶薩薩芸若云何行般若波羅蜜?云何於般若波羅蜜中住?云何解般若波羅蜜中慧?」
Lord Śakra said to the Buddha: "How does a great bodhisattva practice wisdom through the Perfection of Wisdom? How does one abide in the Perfection of Wisdom? And how does one understand the wisdom within the Perfection of Wisdom?"
佛言:「善哉,善哉!拘翼!乃作是問。今發汝者,皆佛威神之所致。若菩薩摩訶薩行般若波羅蜜者,不住色中,如色不住者即為行,於痛痒思想生死識中不住,如是識不住者即為行,於色中不究竟,如色不究竟者,爾故不於色中住,痛痒思想生死識不究竟,如識不究竟者,爾故不於識中住。」
舍利弗白佛言:「般若波羅蜜者甚深,天中天!般若波羅蜜者,難得見邊幅,天中天!」
佛語舍利弗:「色亦甚深不住,如色甚深不住,如是色甚深不住者,是即為解痛痒思想生死識甚深不住,如識甚深不住,如是識甚深不住者,是即為解色亦甚深不隨,如是色甚深不隨,如是色甚深不住,如色甚深不住,是為色甚深不隨,痛痒思想生死識甚深不隨,如是識甚深不隨,如是識甚深不住,是識甚深不住,是為識甚深不隨。」
The Buddha said to Shariputra: "Form is profound and does not abide. Just as form is profound and does not abide, so too is this the understanding of feeling, perception, mental formations, and consciousness—they are profound and do not abide. Just as consciousness is profound and does not abide, so too is this the understanding. Form is also profound and is not followed. Just as form is profound and is not followed, so too form is profound and does not abide. This is what it means for form to be profound and not followed. Feeling, perception, mental formations, and consciousness are profound and are not followed. Just as consciousness is profound and is not followed, so too consciousness is profound and does not abide. This is what it means for consciousness to be profound and not followed."
舍利弗白佛言:「般若波羅蜜甚深,天中天!當於阿惟越致菩薩前說之,聞是慧法不疑亦不癡之。」
Shariputra said to the Buddha, "The Prajñā Pāramitā is profound, O Lord of Heaven! It should be taught before the non-regressing bodhisattvas, for upon hearing this Dharma of wisdom, they neither doubt nor are confused by it."
釋提桓因問舍利弗:「菩薩摩訶薩未受決者,於前說之,將有何等異?」
舍利弗言:「是菩薩求佛已來大久遠,為已受決,若未受決聞之,便於中受決,亦復不久,若見一佛若見兩佛,便受決,作阿耨多羅三耶三菩。菩薩摩訶薩未受決者,聞是恐畏即捨還去。」
佛語舍利弗:「如是,如是!菩薩摩訶薩求佛道以來大久遠,若受決、未受決者,皆聞深般若波羅蜜。」
舍利弗白佛言:「我亦樂喜聞是語,天中天!樂人令得安隱。」
佛語舍利弗:「若樂者,於我前說之。」
舍利弗言:「譬若是菩薩摩訶薩,天中天!自見於夢中坐佛座,知今近阿耨多羅三耶三菩成至阿惟三佛。如是,天中天!菩薩摩訶薩得聞深般若波羅蜜者,是菩薩摩訶薩學已來大久遠,今受決不復久,其功德欲成滿。菩薩摩訶薩當作是知,其得深般若波羅蜜者,其功德欲成滿。」
佛言:「善哉,善哉!舍利弗!乃樂作是說,皆佛威神之所致。」
舍利弗白佛言:「譬如男子行萬里,天中天!若數萬里者,到大空澤中,是人遙相見牧牛者、若牧羊者、若見界、若見廬舍、若見叢樹,作是想念:『如見郡,如見縣,如見聚落。』若欲見聞,作是想,稍稍前行且欲近之,不復畏盜賊。菩薩摩訶薩得深般若波羅蜜者亦如是,天中天!今受決不復久,亦不畏當墮阿羅漢、辟支佛道地。何以故?上頭有想以聞見得深般若波羅蜜。譬若男子欲見大海,天中天!便行之大海,若見樹有樹想,若見山有山想,當知大海尚遠。稍稍前行,不見樹亦無樹想,不見山亦無山想,心亦念知大海且至亦不久,於中道無復有樹亦無樹想,無復山亦無山想,是男子尚未見大海,是應且欲為至,是菩薩摩訶薩當作是知。天中天!若聞得深般若波羅蜜,雖不見佛從受決者,是為今作佛不久。若聞得深般若波羅蜜者,譬如若春時樹,天中天!其葉稍稍欲生,如是不久當有華實。何以故?是樹本之瑞應,想知不久當有葉若華實,閻浮利人者皆大歡喜,曾見是樹,想知不久葉華實當成熟。如是,天中天!菩薩摩訶薩得見深般若波羅蜜者,其功德欲成滿,今於般若波羅蜜中自致成就,是菩薩摩訶薩當知之,過去世時學般若波羅蜜,其功德欲成滿之所致。以是故,復得聞深般若波羅蜜,天上諸天無不代喜者,想見過去菩薩摩訶薩受決時,知是菩薩摩訶薩今復受決,不久作阿耨多羅三耶三菩。譬如女人有娠,天中天!稍稍腹大身重,不如本故,所作不便,飲食欲少,行步不能,稍稍有痛,語言軟遲,臥起不安,其痛欲轉,當知是婦人今產不久。菩薩摩訶薩亦如是,天中天!其功德欲成滿,若得聞見深般若波羅蜜,其念行者,當知是菩薩摩訶薩今受決不久,得作阿耨多羅三耶三菩。」
佛言:「善哉,善哉!舍利弗!若所說者悉佛威神之所致。」
須菩提白佛言:「難及也,天中天!怛薩阿竭!阿羅呵!三耶三佛,悉豫了了署菩薩摩訶薩。」
佛語須菩提:「菩薩摩訶薩晝夜念世間悉使得安隱,傷念天上天下,以是故,自致阿耨多羅三耶三菩,成作佛時悉為說法。」
須菩提白佛言:「如是菩薩摩訶薩,天中天!行般若波羅蜜者,當云何行,得成就?」
佛語須菩提:「菩薩摩訶薩行般若波羅蜜者,不觀色過,為行般若波羅蜜,不觀痛痒思想生死識過,為行般若波羅蜜,不觀色無過,為行般若波羅蜜,不觀痛痒思想生死識無過,為行般若波羅蜜,不見是法,為行般若波羅蜜,亦不見非法,為行般若波羅蜜。」
須菩提白佛言:「天中天!所說不可計。」
佛語須菩提:「色亦不可計,痛痒思想生死識亦不可計。不知色者,是為行般若波羅蜜,不知痛痒思想生死識者,是為行般若波羅蜜。」
須菩提白佛言:「誰當信是者,天中天!是為菩薩摩訶薩行?」
佛謂須菩提:「何所為行,正使菩薩摩訶薩行者為得字耳。是菩薩摩訶薩行般若波羅蜜者,於力無所近,於四事無所畏亦無所近,於佛法亦無所近,於薩芸若亦無所近。何以故?力者不可計,四事無所畏亦不可計,佛法亦不可計,薩芸若亦不可計,色亦不可計,痛痒思想生死識亦不可計,諸法亦不可計,心亦不可計。正使菩薩摩訶薩作是行者,為無所行,是為行般若波羅蜜,正使作是行者為得字耳。」
須菩提白佛言:「般若波羅蜜者,甚深珍寶中王。天中天!般若波羅蜜者,大將中王。天中天!般若波羅蜜與空共鬪無能勝者。天中天!從是中不得斷。」
佛言:「如是,如是!須菩提!欲疾書是經者,至一歲乃至竟。何以故?是善男子於珍寶中,多有起因緣至使中斷。」
須菩提言:「於般若波羅蜜中,弊魔常使欲斷。」
佛語須菩提:「正使弊魔欲斷是經者,會不能得勝菩薩摩訶薩。」
舍利弗問佛言:「持誰威神恩,弊魔不能中道斷之?」佛告舍利弗:「皆佛威神,及十方阿僧祇剎土現在諸佛,復假威神之恩,諸佛悉共念之,悉共授之,悉共護之,菩薩摩訶薩已為得護佛所授者。舍利弗!弊魔不能得中道斷之。何以故?十方阿僧祇剎土現在諸佛,皆共護般若波羅蜜,若有念說誦者,若有學受書者,皆是諸佛威神之所致。」
舍利弗白佛言:「菩薩摩訶薩若有念誦者,若持學書者,以為諸佛威神之所擁護。」
佛語舍利弗:「皆是諸佛威神恩,是菩薩摩訶薩學般若波羅蜜者,當知之為護佛所護。」
舍利弗言:「若有學持誦般若波羅蜜者,佛以眼悉視之。」
佛語舍利弗:「怛薩阿竭以佛眼視學持誦般若波羅蜜者,最後若書持經卷者,當知是輩悉為怛薩阿竭眼所見已。」
佛語舍利弗:「菩薩至德之人學受持是經者,是菩薩摩訶薩今近佛坐,為阿耨多羅三耶三菩,最後若有書持是經者,是輩人極尊得大功德。如是,舍利弗!怛薩阿竭去後,是般若波羅蜜當在南天竺。其有學已,從南天竺當轉至西天竺。其有學已,當從西天竺轉至到北天竺。其有學者當學之。」佛語舍利弗:「却後經法且欲斷絕時,我悉知持般若波羅蜜者,若最後有書者,佛悉豫見其人稱譽說之。」
舍利弗問佛:「最後世時,是般若波羅蜜當到北天竺耶?」
佛言:「當到北天竺。其在彼者當聞般若波羅蜜復行問之,當知是菩薩摩訶薩作衍已來大久遠,以故復受般若波羅蜜。」
舍利弗言:「北天竺當有幾所菩薩摩訶薩學般若波羅蜜者?」
佛語舍利弗:「北天竺亦甚多菩薩摩訶薩,少有學般若波羅蜜者。若有說者,聞之不恐不難不畏,是人前世時聞怛薩阿竭、阿羅呵、三耶三佛,以是菩薩至德之人持淨戒完具,欲為一切人作本,多所度脫。是輩人索佛道者,我知是善男子、善女人,今近薩芸若。作是學者,在所生處常學是法,便行阿耨多羅三耶三菩。是善男子、善女人為極尊貴,魔終無那何,不能動還令捨阿耨多羅三耶三菩。是善男子、善女人聞是波羅蜜者,以得極尊,勸樂摩訶衍功德,還近阿耨多羅三耶三菩。是善男子、善女人雖不見我,後世得深般若波羅蜜者,為已面見佛,說是語無異,是為菩薩行當所施行。其有若干百人若干千人,索阿耨多羅三耶三菩者,當共教之,當共勸樂之,當為說法皆令歡喜學佛道。」
佛語舍利弗:「我勸助是善男子、善女人至德學菩薩道,有作是教者,心心展轉相明。是善男子、善女人有代勸助者,是輩欲行菩薩道者,若干百人若干千人,索阿耨多羅三耶三菩者,當共教之,當共勸樂之,當令歡喜學佛道。是輩善男子、善女人心中踊躍歡喜者,願生他方佛剎,以生異方者,便面見佛說法,復聞波羅蜜,皆悉了了知之,復於彼剎教若干百千人皆行佛道。」
舍利弗白佛言:「難及也,天中天!以過去、當來、今現在法無所不了,悉知當來菩薩摩訶薩行,令是輩不懈精進學入六波羅蜜中。」
佛言:「是善男子、善女人有行是法者,所求者必得,若所不求會復自得。是善男子、善女人本願之所致,不離是法,雖不有所索者,自得六波羅蜜。」
舍利弗問佛:「從是波羅蜜中可出經卷耶?」
佛語舍利弗:「是善男子、善女人深入般若波羅蜜者,於是中自解出一一深法以為經卷。何以故?舍利弗!其有如阿耨多羅三耶三菩教者,便能教一切人,勸助之為說法,皆令歡喜學佛道。是善男子、善女人自復學是法,用是故,所生處轉得六波羅蜜。」