---
title: "梵網經菩薩戒本疏 · 30 違禁行非戒"
description: "法藏大师所撰《梵網經菩薩戒本疏》是唐代华严宗重要律学注疏。此疏依托《梵网经》十重四十八轻戒体系，系统阐释大乘菩萨戒的持守精神与实施细则，融合华严圆教思想，强调心性修养与菩提心实践。其内容涵盖戒相开遮、持犯界限及忏悔法门，为汉传佛教菩萨戒传承提供了权威理论依据。该疏不仅是研究菩萨戒的核心文献，更是后世受戒仪轨与戒学研究的根本典籍，在中国佛教律学体系中占有崇高地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcvsf0bt0mrbl604wsiaxw7g"
---

### 違禁行非戒第三十

> Chapter 30: Violating Prohibitions and Breaking Precepts

初、制意者，菩薩理宜心如金剛護持禁戒，令眾中油鉢一渧無遺，海內浮囊纖塵不毀，何容惡心婬盜殺謗？為護本戒制茲末禁，通結二罪故須制也。

> The initial purpose is this: A bodhisattva should naturally maintain a mind as firm as a diamond in upholding the precepts. One must ensure that, like an oil-filled bowl carried through a crowd, not a single drop is lost, and like a floatation bladder in the sea, not the slightest flaw appears. How could one allow such evil states of mind as lust, theft, killing, or slander? In order to protect these fundamental precepts, these additional minor prohibitions are established. Both types of violations are bound together, which is why these rules are necessary.

二、次第者，前作惡損生，今公行毀禁戒故也。

> \*\*2. Progression:\*\* Earlier, one committed evil and harmed sentient beings. Now, one openly violates the precepts and prohibitions.

三、釋名者，惡心熾盛，不避嚴科，戒防此失，故以為名。

> Third, explanation of the name: When the mind of evil is fiercely blazing, it does not avoid strict prohibitions. Moral precepts guard against this fault, hence the name.

四、具緣者，亦四緣成犯：一、起惡心，二、對惡境，三、造方便，四、作，便犯。

> Fourth: Conditions. An offense is also established through four conditions: (1) arising an evil mind, (2) facing an evil object, (3) creating the means, and (4) performing the act. Once these are done, the offense is committed.

五、闕緣者，隨闕一緣皆重方便，亦本末二方便罪也。並準思可見。

六、輕重者，於上四緣皆各有多少、俱不俱等輕重，準前思之。又於所作中謗三寶為最重，殺盜應次，餘戒少輕可知。

七、通塞者，除癡狂等、聖示同事等，餘皆悉犯。更有開閉，如前十重處說應知。

八、釋文中三：初、「以惡心」者，明造惡因，謂不信有業果等而造諸罪。二、明所作罪業，略舉三種：一、如怨詐親，謂「詐現親附」，依三寶蔭以自活命，而實誹謗三寶未嘗信受，此亦犯第十重也。「口便說空」等者，釋顯詐親實謗之相，謂口詐說空似順佛語，行中執有謗佛所說。二、「為白衣」下明媒嫁婬穢，謂或為私通或為成妻，為其通傳巧令和合，傳著堅密送諸眾生致此罪處，亦犯初篇第三重戒，以犯教人婬故。今就媒邊犯此篇也，具如前說。三齋日毀禁，謂年三月六皆外道作罪祠祀求恩福時，今惡見不捨同彼而作，故成深三長月六等。撿《智論》云云，此明作罪時。所作罪中略辨四種：初二是犯重戒，以於此時作故亦兼犯此篇；後二是輕，謂非時飲散及毀威儀等戒。三、結示罪名可知。

上來別釋十戒訖，自下結勸指廣，謂此十戒彼大本經〈制戒品〉一一廣解，今但略舉名相耳。