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  1. Lankavatara Sutra (楞伽補遺)
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Lankavatara Sutra (楞伽補遺)

About 楞伽補遺

Ming · by 德清撰

8,602 · about 29 min

The *Supplement to the Laṅkāvatāra Sutra*, composed by the eminent Ming dynasty monk Hanshan Deqing, stands as a vital commentary on the *Laṅkāvatāra Sutra*. During the late Ming revival of Buddhist doctrinal studies, Master Deqing, aiming to rectify prevalent shortcomings within the Chan tradition, elucidated this sutra based on Yogācāra and Tathāgatagarbha thought. He focused on expounding its core teachings of "the five dharmas, the three natures, the eight consciousnesses, and the two kinds of selflessness," emphasizing the realization of true suchness through investigation that transcends mind, thought, and consciousness. This work is systematically rigorous and profoundly insightful, hailed as the pinnacle of Ming dynasty scholarship on the *Laṅkāvatāra Sutra*. It exerted a profound influence on the subsequent integration of Chan and doctrinal teachings and the development of Yogācāra studies, remaining an essential text for the study of Chinese Buddhist intellectual history.


楞伽補遺
明 德清 補遺
楞伽阿䟦多羅寶經者,楞伽寶名,具云釋迦毗楞伽,此云能勝,義云堅固。阿䟦多羅,此云無上,謂此楞伽乃無上寶也。聞之梵師云:此寶八楞,視之渾圓,其體光明瑩徹,最極堅固,不可鑽穿。世間之寶,無過勝者,目能勝一切,故云無上寶也。西域南海有楞伽寶山,居大海濱,目山純此寶所成,故山以寶名。山高五百由旬,山頂有城,亦名楞伽寶城,無門可入,為夜叉王所據。山形下細上大,因名不可往,有神通者乃能入。此經發起,因佛于大海龍宮說法七日,迴過山下,顧謂眾曰:過去諸佛皆于此山說自證境界,我亦當說。時夜叉王目神力故,知佛言念,故往請佛入城,演說此經。是則山目寶名,經目處名,通取為喻,乃單喻為題也。然單約喻明經者,第一義如來藏心,亦名寶明玅性,又云寶覺明心,是為堅固法身,不動智體,名自覺聖智,寂滅一心,名大寂滅海,亦云智海、覺海、寶明空海。下經云藏識海,謂眾生本具如來藏清淨法身,迷之而為藏識,變成五蘊之眾生。自覺聖智,變為妄想煩惱,寶明空海,成生死之業海。夜叉,乃惡鬼飛行而食人肉者,故山高五百由旬,居大海中,而為煩惱、生死、夜叉所據也。佛在此山,說自證境界者,謂目自覺聖智,而觀識藏即如來藏,生死即涅槃,煩惱即菩提,現前五蘊身心,即是如來常住法身,頓證一心,更無別法。此乃最上乘,非心識思量境界,唯許上上根人,一悟頓悟,不悟則不許意識湊泊,故山名不可往,有神通者,乃能入故。寶乃無上之寶,處乃不可往之處,通喻此經,顯示第一義心,乃離心意意識境界,為無上法門也。此經發明五法、三自性皆空,八識、二無我俱遣,直顯離心意意識境界,故達磨指此為心印,是則全經旨趣,在此一題,目喻發明,及夜叉王發起因緣,已盡甚深玅義矣。約天台五種釋題,此經目單喻為名,寂滅一心如來藏性為體,自覺聖智為宗,專破二乘外道邪執,故目摧邪顯正為用,目無上頓教大乘為教相。以此經顯示五性、三乘、無性、闡提,皆許成佛,為法華開顯之前茅,故判為法華先導也。

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CBETA Code: X0327

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