---
title: "大哀經 · 24 往古品"
description: "大哀经由西晋高僧竺法护于公元3世纪译出。该经是大集部经典之一，阐述了诸佛菩萨的广大悲愿与神通智慧，重点揭示了菩萨为救度众生所发起的大悲之心及其殊胜功德。经中详述了菩萨行的修持法门与利益众生的方便善巧，彰显了佛教利他济世的核心理念。此经不仅反映了早期大乘佛教菩萨道思想的发展，更为修行者提供了践行慈悲精神的重要理论依据，在大乘佛教典籍中占有重要地位，对汉传佛教菩萨信仰的形成与传播产生了深远影响。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcvvcwri05cel104f4wtcrfy"
---

## 大哀經卷第八

> Great Compassion Sutra, Scroll 8

西晉月氏三藏竺法護譯

> Translated by Dharmarakṣa of the Yuezhi, Tripitaka Master, Western Jin Dynasty

### 往古品第二十四

> Chapter 24: The Ancient Past

佛告族姓子：「乃往過去久遠世時——劫數無量不可計會，懸曠極遠不可思議——爾時有佛號離垢光如來、至真、等正覺、明行成為、善逝、世間解、無上士、道法御、天人師，號佛、世尊。世界曰善離垢，劫名照明。其界清淨，地紺琉璃，淨如明鏡，地平如掌。其界之土琉璃之土，生七寶樹，枝、葉、華、實皆亦寶成。又自然生眾寶蓮華，大如車輪，其色若干，見者心歡，其形微妙，香潔甚美。寶為交露、屋宅、精舍，諸天、人民被服、飲食猶如第六自在天上。人民鮮潔，行步安詳，其婬、怒、癡尠而薄少，舉動言教。其佛世界無有日、月。其佛離垢光明，身出大暉遍諸佛土，晨夜常明，昧爽不別——蓮華合者則知為冥、蓮華開者則知為明。

> The Buddha told the clan member, "In the distant past, in an age immeasurable and inconceivable—vast and far beyond reckoning—there was a Buddha named Thus Come One of Stainless Light, a Worthy One, a Fully Awakened One, perfect in knowledge and conduct, a Well-Gone One, knower of the world, supreme guide, tamer of beings, teacher of gods and humans, called Buddha, the World-Honored One. His world was called Beautiful Stainlessness, and the kalpa was named Radiant Illumination. That realm was pure, its ground of lapis lazuli shining like a bright mirror, flat as the palm of a hand. The land was made of lapis lazuli, where trees of the seven treasures grew, their branches, leaves, flowers, and fruits all formed of jewels. Naturally blooming lotuses of many treasures appeared, as large as cart wheels, in various colors that delighted the heart. Their forms were exquisite, their fragrance pure and lovely. Jewels formed canopies, dwellings, and meditation halls, and the gods and humans there wore garments and ate food as in the Heaven of Enjoying Creations. The people were pure and fresh, walking with serene grace. Their desire, anger, and delusion were thin and faint, guiding their words and deeds. That Buddha's world had no sun or moon. The Buddha of Stainless Light radiated great brilliance that illumined every part of the land. Day and night were always bright, dawn and dusk alike—when lotuses closed, one knew it was dark; when lotuses opened, one knew it was light."

「其離垢光如來至真諸菩薩眾有八百億，出家菩薩、居士菩薩無能限量不可稱載，建立無上正真之道。其佛土地不聞異學、無有異乘，唯修大乘，行悉淳淑，立不退轉。世尊云何為彼說法？唯演空慧、空無相教。

> The Radiant-Free from Defilement Thus-Gone One had a vast assembly of Bodhisattvas—eight hundred billion in number, with monastic and lay Bodhisattvas beyond measure or count. They were all established on the supreme and true path to awakening. In that Buddha's land, no heretical teachings were heard, nor were there any lesser vehicles; only the Great Vehicle was cultivated. All practices were pure and virtuous, firmly set in non-retrogression. How did the World-Honored One teach them? He exclusively expounded the wisdom of Emptiness—and the doctrine of Emptiness and signlessness.

「佛壽半劫。眾人居宅若干種寶，佛即行步皆隨時節；諸天亦然。其於地上立交露帳，舍宅居中名之為人，其處虛空而立屋宅棚閣，名之為天，起止、飲食等無差別。

> The Buddha's lifespan lasted half a kalpa. People's dwellings were adorned with various kinds of treasures, and the Buddha moved about in accordance with the seasons; so too did the celestial beings. On the ground, they set up open pavilions with canopies, and the dwellings in the midst of these were called human abodes. In the sky, they established houses, terraces, and pavilions, which were called heavenly realms. Their activities, rest, food, and drink were no different from one another.

「又其佛界無復國君，唯離垢光世尊則為無上大法之王。諸天、人民無各各異皆來事師，無各異名、所作不別、無有異念，唯奉如來，諮受經典，思惟其誼。彼無女人、無罪處名、無犯塵欲。

> In that Buddha-land, there are no rulers or kings. Only the World-Honored One, the Radiant Light free of Defilement, stands as the supreme king of the great Dharma. All gods and humans are alike, with no distinctions among them—they all come to serve the Teacher, bear no different names, perform no separate tasks, and harbor no differing thoughts. They solely venerate the Thus-Come One, inquire into the scriptures, and contemplate their meaning. In that land, there are no women, no names for places of transgression, and no offense of indulging in sensual desires.

「其土眾生唯學三度：一曰、禁戒，二曰、守心，三曰、學智。何謂為戒？習諸通慧心念不捨，棄捐諸行。何謂守心？住於定意逮得神通。何謂為智？住智度無極，得分別辯。如是，族姓子！有學如此，名曰學度。是諸菩薩不受禁戒，其土清淨巍巍如是，世尊說法嚴妙殊絕，卓然無喻。

> The beings in that land solely study three disciplines: first, Keeping the Precepts; second, Guarding the Mind; and third, Cultivating Wisdom. What is meant by Precepts? It is to practice all forms of penetrating wisdom without letting go of the thought, and to abandon all worldly actions. What is meant by Guarding the Mind? It is to abide in meditative stillness and attain spiritual powers. What is meant by Wisdom? It is to dwell in the perfection of wisdom and gain discriminative eloquence. Thus, virtuous ones! Those who study in this way are called students of the Path. These bodhisattvas do not cling to precepts, for their land is pure and majestic like this. The World-Honored One's teachings are sublime and extraordinary, unmatched and beyond compare.

「時彼佛土諸菩薩中有一菩薩，名曰光首，即從坐起，偏出右肩，右膝著地，叉手白佛：『唯然，世尊！所言總持為何謂也？菩薩何住，諸佛所說皆能執持，為眾生演令心歡悅？』佛告光首：『又，族姓子！有總持名為寶曜，菩薩住此，悉受諸佛之所講說，悅眾生心。』

> At that time, among the bodhisattvas in that buddha-land, there was one named Radiance-Head. He rose from his seat, bared his right shoulder, knelt on his right knee, and with palms joined addressed the Buddha: "Indeed, World-Honored One! What is meant by 'Retention'? How should a bodhisattva abide so that they can uphold all the teachings spoken by the buddhas and teach them to beings, bringing joy to their hearts?" The Buddha told Radiance-Head, "Good lineage! There is a Retention called Jewel Radiance. Abiding in it, a bodhisattva receives all the teachings of the buddhas and delights the minds of beings."

「光首又問：『唯願如來宣寶曜總持，其中誼理我等聞之，奉之如教，逮此總持。』

> Guangshou again asked, "We beg the Tathagata to proclaim the precious radiance Dharani, and its meaning and principles. When we hear it, we shall follow it as taught and attain this Dharani."

「離垢光佛尋為光首菩薩歎此頌曰：

> The Buddha of Radiant Purity, free from all defilement, then praised the Bodhisattva Guanyin with these verses:

「『欲逮得寶曜， 永除諸塵穢，於垢而無垢， 捨諸一切染，心常淨離著， 是寶曜總持；逮得此持者， 其明無不照，其身、口清淨， 光明性離垢，等意行慈心， 是寶曜總持；已脫三十二， 解諸一切想，則離眾悕望， 是寶曜總持；所遊入懷勇， 大德如虛空，解明如虛靜， 是寶曜總持；不斷乎三寶， 絕三垢、三世，窮盡眾苦源， 是寶曜總持；害貪、婬、恚、癡， 除塵諸穢濁，寶樹愛欲意， 寶曜總持尊；諸所有音響， 世間上、中、下，入於一切聲， 寶曜持離垢；精勤深奧法， 無數妙句誼，不著吾我、人， 總持離此二；逮得分別辯， 堅住於四道，四禪震于梵， 是寶曜總持；第一法藏義， 啟受四等行，尊修五神通， 寶曜總持尊；諦住四意止， 常順四意斷，奉于四神足， 是寶曜總持；已受持五根， 而立於五力，無能七覺意， 是寶曜總持；奉於八由路， 化寂然所觀，至於明解脫， 是寶曜總持；遊戲所住地， 近順解脫道，斷除一切惱， 是寶曜總持；照明一切世， 寂光之道場，眼清淨廣照， 是寶曜總持。天眼淨如此， 智慧眼曜冥，眼淨為法目， 是佛眼清淨。是塵淨於魔， 此五陰消害，亦淨於死魔， 歸命力降魔。住於此總持， 至億那術土，見姟數諸佛， 得聞上經典。以聽廣妙法， 意力懷總持，分別其義趣， 為天、世人宣。心明發意知， 解了所報應，其法入於慧， 住總持逮此。辯才無罣礙， 三達、三眼淨，逮得三脫誼， 精進逮總持。無數諸總持， 無限說無量，逮此總持勝， 便獲一切所。其禪及脫門， 正受極三昧，神通自娛樂， 當入此總持。若海諸水王， 萬川流河歸，是勝總持然， 諸法門無量。入於無盡意， 悉解無窮慧，其福無涯底， 行總持逮此；色像眾相好， 種姓慧清淨，珠寶離垢掌， 逮總持如此；入乎深要藏， 懷無從生忍，在不退轉地， 說是總持者。無數諸菩薩， 求於無上道，已逮此總持， 成佛不為難。十方諸最勝， 說法愍眾生，逮此總持者， 辯才無斷絕。悅億姟眾生， 知根意所信，口未有所說， 逮此總持者，則轉於法輪， 度百千眾生；立之於尊乘， 勇住此總持。無數那術劫， 嗟嘆其功勳，逮此總持者， 不能盡究暢。』

> "If one seeks to attain the jewel-like radiance, forever removing all defilements and dust, Remaining unstained amidst filth, letting go of all attachments, The mind ever pure and free from clinging—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Attaining this Dhāraṇī, its brightness illuminates without exception, The body and speech become pure, the radiant nature freed from defilement, With a mind of equanimity practicing loving-kindness—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Freed from the thirty-two views, dissolving all perceptions, One then abandons all hopes and longings—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Wherever one wanders, one enters with courage, great virtue like vast space, Understanding shines like the stillness of the void—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Never cutting off the Three Jewels, severing the three defilements and the three times, Exhausting the very source of all suffering—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Destroying greed, lust, anger, and ignorance, removing dust and murky defilements, The jewel tree of craving and desire—the noble Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. All sounds and voices, in the world above, middle, and below, Entering into every sound—the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī, free from defilement. Diligently pursuing the profound Dharma, countless exquisite phrases and meanings, Without clinging to self or others—this Dhāraṇī transcends both. Attaining discerning eloquence, firmly established in the four paths, The four absorptions vibrating through the Brahma realm—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. The meaning of the foremost Dharma treasury, receiving and practicing the four immeasurables, Nobly cultivating the five superknowledges—the noble Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Steadfast in the four establishments of mindfulness, always following the four right efforts, Cultivating the four bases of psychic power—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Having upheld the five faculties, and established in the five powers, The seven factors of awakening beyond opposition—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Practicing the eightfold path, observing with tranquil stillness, Arriving at clear liberation—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Sporting in the abode of liberation, drawing near the path of freedom, Cutting off all afflictions—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. Illuminating all worlds, the tranquil light of the seat of enlightenment, The eye pure and shining broadly—this is the Jewel Radiance Dhāraṇī. The divine eye is thus pure, the eye of wisdom illuminates the darkness, The pure eye as the Dharma eye—this is the purity of the Buddha's eye. This purity overcomes Māra, this destroys the five aggregates, Also purging the demon of death—I take refuge in the mighty one who conquers Māra. Abiding in this Dhāraṇī, reaching lands numbering billions of nayutas, Seeing countless Buddhas, hearing the supreme scriptures. Having heard the vast and wondrous Dharma, the mind's power holds this Dhāraṇī, Discerning its meanings and purposes, proclaiming it for gods and humans. The mind shines with awakened understanding, realizing karmic retribution, The Dharma enters into wisdom—abiding in this Dhāraṇī, one attains this. Eloquent without hindrance, the three insights and three pure eyes, Attaining the meaning of the three liberations—through diligence one attains this Dhāraṇī. Countless Dhāraṇīs, limitless in explanation, boundless in measure, Attaining this supreme Dhāraṇī, one obtains all that is sought. The absorptions, the doors of liberation, the profound concentrations, The superknowledges that delight the mind—one should enter this Dhāraṇī. Like the great ocean, king of waters, receiving all rivers and streams, So is this supreme Dhāraṇī—the gateway to countless dharmas. Entering into endless intention, fully comprehending inexhaustible wisdom, Its blessings without limit or bound—practicing this Dhāraṇī attains this. With bodily marks and excellent features, noble lineage and pure wisdom, Jewel-like palms free from defilement—attaining this Dhāraṇī is thus. Entering the deep and essential treasury, holding the acceptance of non-arising, Abiding in the stage of non-retrogression—thus speaks this Dhāraṇī. Countless bodhisattvas, seeking the supreme path, Having attained this Dhāraṇī, becoming a Buddha is no hardship. The most victorious ones in all ten directions, teaching the Dharma with compassion for beings, Those who attain this Dhāraṇī possess eloquence never exhausted. Delighting billions of sentient beings, knowing their faculties and what they believe, Before even words are spoken—those who attain this Dhāraṇī Then turn the wheel of Dharma, delivering hundreds of thousands of beings; Establishing them upon the supreme vehicle, boldly abiding in this Dhāraṇī. For countless nayuta kalpas, praising its merits and virtues, Those who attain this Dhāraṇī—one could never exhaust their praise."

「如是，族姓子！離垢光如來至真說此總持竟，諸大眾中三萬二千菩薩逮此總持，光首菩薩亦復逮得此寶曜總持。

> "In this way, good people, when the Tathagata of Stainless Light, the Thus-Gone One, had fully expounded this dhāraṇī, thirty-two thousand bodhisattvas in the great assembly attained this dhāraṇī, and Bodhisattva Light-Head also attained this precious radiant dhāraṇī."

「於，族姓子！所憶云何？爾時光首菩薩豈異人乎？勿作斯觀。所以者何？則爾身是。以是之故，總𠢕王於今堪任度諸穢惡，亦復於此諮問如來章句通利，無猶豫心決其疑網。由是之故，今世勇猛具啟前問，不難如來是決總持，宣照世間令意亘然。仁者修法目觀達故，會此復重獲此總持，意懷勇猛，心自頒宣。」

> "Listen, son of a noble family! What do you think about this? Was the Bodhisattva Radiance at that time someone else? Do not think that way. Why? Because it was you yourself. Therefore, King of Great Strength, you are now able to transcend all defilements. And in this present moment, you can ask the Tathagata about the meaning of these passages with clarity, without hesitation, resolving all doubts. For this reason, in this life you are courageous, raising questions wholeheartedly. Do not find it difficult to request this dhāraṇī from the Tathagata, which illuminates the world and brings clarity to the mind. Because you, virtuous one, cultivate the Dharma and see with penetrating insight, you shall attain this dhāraṇī again now. With courage in your mind, you proclaim it freely yourself."