---
title: "四明尊者教行錄 · 11 發弘誓願"
description: "四明尊者教行錄由南宋僧人宗曉編撰於嘉泰二年。該書輯錄了北宋天台宗高僧四明知禮的書信、奏文、詩偈等各類文獻，是研究知禮大師思想與宋代天台宗發展的核心典籍。書中不僅保存了知禮與僧俗弟子關於山家山外之爭等重要論辯的記錄，也體現了宋代天台教義的實踐與傳承。此書對確立天台正統、弘揚山家學說具有深遠影響，被後世尊為天台宗的重要祖典之一。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcw27zwn000hl2045m8x1l7u"
---

### 第十一發弘誓願

現前諸人今日既已得戒。當須發起度生之心。良由世人自昔已來凡所作為皆是自己邊事。不能發一念利他之心。所以輪迴六道。福慧微薄。今既受持大戒。已後必須發菩提心起四弘誓願。此四弘者諸佛所師。諸佛由茲而成正覺。菩提此翻為道。以道為心故名道心。發此道心。依乎四教境智不同。今依圓教無作四諦。以發道心。此道心者。即與十方諸佛及一切眾生之心等無有異。故華嚴云。如心佛亦爾。如佛眾生然。心佛及眾生。是三無差別。若知此心即是佛心亦即眾生之心。則事理不二。生佛一如。三諦天然。微妙寂絕。依此發心。是名真正。違茲立願。願不名普。故天台云。發心僻越。萬行徒施是也。然則此心在理。同名佛心。理雖無別。事相天殊。故須學佛慈悲發起弘誓。上求佛道下化眾生。弘者廣也誓者制也。依四諦境廣制其心。先依苦諦境發一弘誓。眾生無邊誓願度。二依集諦境發一弘誓。煩惱無數誓願斷。三依道諦境發一弘誓。法門無量誓願學。四依滅諦境發一弘誓。佛道無上誓願成。現前諸人於一念凡心。全用佛境佛智。起此四弘。自利利他功不可量。憑此勝緣。求生上品淨土。宜各志誠隨聲發願。

> Now that you have received the precepts today, you must arouse the mind to liberate all beings. From ancient times, people have only acted for themselves, never able to generate a single thought for the benefit of others. This is why they revolve in the six realms of existence, with shallow blessings and wisdom. Now that you have accepted and uphold the great precepts, from now on you must develop the Bodhi Mind and make the Four Great Vows. These Four Great Vows are what all Buddhas take as their teacher, and it is through them that all Buddhas attain perfect enlightenment. "Bodhi" is translated as "the Way," and making the Way one's mind is called the "Way-Mind." Developing this Way-Mind depends on the different perspectives and wisdom of the Four Teachings. Now, following the Perfect Teaching's "Four Noble Truths without Action," we develop the Way-Mind. This Way-Mind is no different from the minds of all Buddhas of the ten directions and all living beings. Therefore, the Avatamsaka Sutra says: "The mind is like the Buddha; the Buddha is like sentient beings. The mind, the Buddha, and sentient beings—these three are without difference." If you know that this mind is exactly the Buddha-mind and also the mind of all beings, then phenomena and principle are not two, beings and Buddhas are one, the Three Truths are naturally present, subtle and majestic, still and beyond words. To develop this mind in accordance with this is called true and proper. To make vows contrary to this means the vows are not called universal. Therefore, Master Tiantai said, "If the initial resolve is off, then all practices are in vain." So this mind, in principle, is called the Buddha-mind. Although in principle there is no difference, in phenomena there are vast differences. Therefore, you must learn the compassion of the Buddha and make the Great Vows: above, seek Buddhahood; below, liberate beings. "Great" means vast, "vows" means binding. Based on the realm of the Four Noble Truths, bind your mind widely. First, based on the Truth of Suffering, make one great vow: "However numberless sentient beings are, I vow to save them all." Second, based on the Truth of Origination, make one great vow: "However endless afflictions are, I vow to cut them all off." Third, based on the Truth of the Path, make one great vow: "However unlimited the Dharma-doors are, I vow to study them all." Fourth, based on the Truth of Cessation, make one great vow: "However unsurpassed the Buddha Way is, I vow to realize it fully." Now, all of you here, in your single ordinary thought, fully use the Buddha's realm and wisdom to generate these Four Great Vows. The merit of benefiting yourself and others is immeasurable. Relying on this excellent connection, seek rebirth in the highest grade of the Pure Land. Each of you should be sincere and, following the sound of my voice, make these vows.

弟子某甲今於諸佛菩薩像前。真正發菩提心。眾生無邊誓願度。煩惱無數誓願斷。法門無量誓願學。佛道無上誓願成三說。