出家者先說苦事
For those who leave home, first explain the matter of Suffering.
羯磨經引僧祗律云。欲出家者。為說苦事。一食一住一眠。多學問等。業疏云。為說苦事者。以世網辛苦。多厭求樂。初雖慈許終有退敗。故經論中。有現在苦。未來樂者。出家人也。晝夜鞭心。常修正念。不覺妄緣尋悔訶責。故智論中。菩薩日三夜三。每行三事。謂懺悔隨喜勸請也。三千云。必行坐禪等三。不爾徒生徒死。遺教曰。中夜誦經。以自消息。餘時須依律文。常爾一心。念除諸盖。餘更見鈔(云云)。
The Karma Sutra, citing the Sengzhi Vinaya, says: For one who wishes to leave the household life, one should explain to them the hardships—one meal, one dwelling, one sleep, and much study and questioning, and so on.
The Karmic Commentary says: "Explaining the hardships" means that because the entanglements of the world are full of hardship, most people grow weary of it and seek happiness. Though at first one may be kindly permitted, in the end there may be retreat and failure. Therefore in the sutras and treatises, there is the one who has present hardship and future happiness—this is the one who has left the household life. Day and night one whips the mind, constantly cultivating Right Mindfulness; no sooner does one become aware of a false condition than one immediately repents and reproaches oneself. Therefore in the Treatise on the Perfection of Wisdom, the bodhisattva [practices] three times by day and three times by night, each time performing three practices: repentance, rejoicing, and requesting [the Buddha to teach].
The Three Thousand [Treatise] says: One must practice the three—sitting meditation and the like. Otherwise one lives and dies in vain.
The Sutra on the Final Teaching says: At midnight, recite the sutras to refresh and settle oneself. At other times one should follow the Vinaya text, constantly with a unified mind, mindful to remove the hindrances. For the rest, see the Commentary. (and so on.)