佛說琉璃王經
The Sutra of King Vaidurya
西晉月氏國三藏竺法護譯
Translated by Dharmarakṣa of the Yuezhi Kingdom, Western Jin Dynasty
聞如是：
I have heard it thus:
一時，佛遊迦維羅衛釋氏精舍，尼拘類樹下，與五百比丘、侍者阿難、金剛力士樓由俱。
At that time, the Buddha was staying in the Śākyas' monastery at Kapilavastu, beneath a banyan tree, accompanied by five hundred monks, his attendant Ānanda, and the vajra-wielding guardian Luyou.
於城中有舍夷貴姓五百長者，共為世尊造立講堂，自相興誓：「講堂成已，當請正覺於上設供，沙門、梵志、長者居士、群黎人民，不得先佛妄昇此堂；若違要者，罪在不測。」
In the city, five hundred elders of the noble Śākya clan together built a lecture hall for the World-Honored One. They made a vow among themselves: "Once the hall is completed, we will invite the Rightly Enlightened One to offer a feast upon it. No monk, Brahmin, elder, householder, or common person may presumptuously ascend this hall before the Buddha. Whoever violates this pledge shall face immeasurable consequences."
舍衛國王，時有太子名維樓黎——產育之初，與琉璃寶俱，因以為號——領衛士定省外氏，方來入城，見視講堂，高廣嚴淨，都雅殊妙，世所希有，則於其上，頓止息涼。
In the kingdom of Śrāvastī, there was a prince named Vairūḍya. At the time of his birth, a precious lapis lazuli gem appeared alongside him, and thus he was given this name. Leading his guards, he went to pay respects to his maternal relatives. As he was about to enter the city, he saw a lecture hall—tall, spacious, solemn, pure, elegant, and exceptionally magnificent, a rare sight in the world. He then paused there to rest and cool off.
監講堂者，往白諸貴姓言：「舍衛太子來止講堂。」貴姓聞之，興怒罵曰：「吾等家產。有何異德，敢登此堂？本造斯殿，乃為佛舉，當具上饌，延屈世尊至真聖眾，供養畢訖，然後吾等乃宜自處；而微者前尊，置體于此。」尋遣使者面罵辱之，催逐發遣，令不久滯，所蹈之地，剗去足跡，所履寶階，輒更貿易。
The caretaker of the lecture hall went to inform the nobles, saying, "The prince of Śrāvastī has come and is now in the lecture hall." When the nobles heard this, they were furious and scolded, "What exceptional virtue does our family property possess that he dares to ascend this hall? This hall was originally built for the Buddha. We must prepare the finest offerings and invite the World-Honored One, the True and Holy One, along with his assembly. Only after making offerings to them should we occupy this place ourselves. Yet this lowly one has come before us and placed himself here." They immediately sent messengers to insult and berate him, urging him to leave without delay. The ground he had stepped on was scraped clean of his footprints, and the precious steps he had trod upon were hastily replaced.
時，琉璃太子聞其罵音，姿色變動，心懷毒恚，勅太史曰：「深憶記之，須吾為王，當誅此類。」太史阿薩陀(晉名無信)能觀天文、占究災怪，令書此狀內于帶中，俠惡識非，嚴退還歸，不復前至朝覲外家。
At that time, Prince Virūḍhaka heard their insults. His expression darkened, and his heart was filled with bitter resentment. He commanded the Grand Astrologer, "Remember this well. When I become king, I will exterminate this kind of people."
The Grand Astrologer, Asāta(In Jin Dynasty, his name meant "Faithless"), was skilled in observing celestial phenomena and interpreting omens and disasters. He recorded this statement and placed it inside his sash. Bearing this ominous knowledge, he sternly withdrew and returned, never again going forward to pay court to his maternal relatives.
太子父王名波斯匿，與后末利，駕乘導從，詣祇樹園。下車却蓋，免冠解劍，屏拂脫屣，除四種兵。步涉小徑，與末利俱，五體投地，稽首為禮，却坐一面。
Prince Siddhartha's father, King Prasenajit, together with Queen Mallika, rode in a carriage with their retinue to the Jeta Grove. They alighted from the carriage, removed their canopy, took off their crowns, unbuckled their swords, and left behind the four kinds of armed guards. Walking along a small path, accompanied by Mallika, they prostrated themselves with their five limbs touching the ground, bowed their heads in reverence, and then sat down to one side.
琉璃太子時歸還宮，無所瞻覩，問左右曰：「父王、太后今為所湊？」曰：「造佛。」
Prince Liuli returned to the palace and found it empty. He asked his attendants, "Where have my father the king and the queen mother gone?" They replied, "They have gone to build a Buddha statue."
太子聞問，欣率所領，不復解嚴，遂至精舍，曰：「宜知是時。」
The prince heard this and gladly led his followers. Without pausing to rest, they proceeded directly to the monastery, saying, "The time has come."
於是，太子逼害翼從、王之近臣，五百餘人，一時夷滅，却王冠幘蓋劍拂履服乘諸飾，外無白者。
Thus, the Crown Prince attacked and killed the attendants and the King's close ministers—more than five hundred people—all destroyed at once. He stripped away the royal crown, headwrap, canopy, sword, whisk, shoes, robes, and all other ornaments of rank, leaving nothing outwardly white.
於時，世尊為王及后說世無常、愛欲合、會別離法句，王立不退轉，后得覩道迹。佛說經已，王稽首退，不見侍輔，而僵尸狼籍，唯王衣冠二人得免，逃入樹間，還與王遇。王問之曰：「群僚所在？」二人答曰：「太子率勒所統，脇將還宮。」
At that time, the World-Honored One spoke to the king and queen about the impermanence of the world, the meeting and parting of loved ones, and the nature of desire. The king attained a state of non-retrogression, and the queen realized the path. After the Buddha had finished speaking, the king bowed and withdrew. He saw no attendants or guards, but only the scattered bodies of the dead. Only the king's own robes and those of two others survived, who fled into the forest and later encountered the king. The king asked them, "Where are the officials?" The two replied, "The crown prince has led them and is escorting them back to the palace."
王謂末利：「子造不順，謀逆如斯。素知此，吾當避，以國付，之精舍。」左有族姓，愍王及后體柔狀樂不堪步，濟以車乘，弊陋難處，遂昇進邁至于城門。
The king said to Mallika, “My son has acted unfilially and plotted rebellion as such. Knowing this all along, I should step aside, entrust the kingdom to him, and go to the monastery.” On the left were kinsmen, who, pitying the king and queen for their delicate bodies and accustomed comforts, unable to bear walking, provided a carriage. Though crude and difficult to travel in, they proceeded onward until they reached the city gate.
先時，太子列五百人置門鎮衛，勅門監曰：「若父王來，勿聽使入。」王曰：「若不得入，吾將焉如？」曰：「詔大王當令出境。」
Earlier, the Crown Prince stationed five hundred guards at the gate and ordered the gatekeeper, saying, "If the king, my father, comes, do not allow him to enter." The king said, "If I cannot enter, where shall I go?" The reply was, "Your Majesty is ordered to leave the kingdom."
時，王波斯匿涕泣哽噎，以偈歎曰：
At that moment, King Pasenadi, weeping and choking with emotion, praised him in verse:
「誠哉世尊教， 所演審而諦，
興衰與貴賤， 一切無常住。
寧守戒念道， 不貪厚俸祿，
僥聞講法會， 不願億國土。
王據國恣情， 饕穢遑所欲，
聞法蒙解脫， 塵垢用消除。」
"How true the World-Honored One's teaching, Spoken with care and truth: Rise and fall, high and low, Nothing in this world endures. Better to uphold precepts and mindful of the Path, Than to covet lavish salaries. Even by chance to hear the Dharma assembly, Is better than ruling over a billion lands. A king may indulge in his realm's desires, Gorging on filth, chasing every whim, But hearing the Dharma brings liberation, And the dust of defilements is wiped away."
爾時，觀者無數千人，聞王歎音，八百人發大道意，皆立不退，轉憂色不悅。王后末利白王曰：「幸勿愁憒，可共俱逝還我父國。」即便進發，七日七夜，到迦維羅衛兜薩聚，值冥門閉，亦不得入。各共飢渴，無所向仰，求乞無地，止於水傍人洗菜處，得迸蘿蔔食之，臚脹腹痛而薨。
At that time, countless thousands of people heard the king's words of praise. Eight hundred of them awakened great aspirations for the path and all stood firm in their resolve, never turning back. Yet their faces dimmed with sorrow. Queen Mallika said to the king, "Do not grieve or distress yourself—let us go together and return to my father's kingdom." They set out at once, traveling day and night for seven days and seven nights until they reached the Koliya settlement near Kapilavastu. But the gates had been closed at dusk, and they could not enter. Hungry and thirsty, with no place to look for aid and no way to beg for food, they stopped by the river where people washed vegetables. There they found scraps of radish peel and ate them, which caused their stomachs to swell with pain, and they died.
王后悲慟，舉聲大哭，守聚者問曰：「何人乎？」曰：「吾王后也。」又問：「王為在何乎？」后曰：「痛哉！王薨水側。」
The queen grieved deeply and wailed loudly. The guards asked, "Who are you?" She replied, "I am the queen." They then asked, "Where is the king?" The queen said, "Alas! The king has passed away by the water's edge."
聚守門者即馳白舍夷諸貴姓，貴姓聞凶，奔波驚愕，尋皆來，出賵贈殯棺，闍維如法，咸皆號悼，莫不摧感。
The gatekeepers hurried to report the tragedy to the noble families of Shākyā. When the nobles heard of the disaster, they rushed about in shock and grief. Soon they all gathered, bringing funeral offerings and coffins. They cremated the body according to proper rites, and all mourned and wailed, their hearts broken with sorrow.
爾時，貴族釋摩男者，瞿夷之父也，與諸豪右，以偈歎曰：
At that time, Shakyamuni's noble kinsman Shimonan, who was Gopi's father, together with the leading men of the clan, spoke these verses in praise:
「有子有財思惟波波， 我自非我何有子財，
愚癡自怙豪尊有終， 太子用國殪入地獄。」
釋氏貴姓二百五十，深惟無常，得不退轉。五百女人，未出家者，得不起法忍。
於是，琉璃太子聞父王薨，即在殿稱制為王。異道太史出帶中書，證案本狀記惡之忌。聞之大怒，心意憤踊，召四種兵，伐迦維羅衛。
佛知其意，從精舍出，止于路要，坐於荄枯樹下。斯須之頃，太子軍至。
時，琉璃王遙見世尊，即便下象車，稽首于地，長跪問佛：「唯，天中天！有菩提附差、尼拘類、畢鉢、優曇鉢、薩羅、怛羅、揵尼赦羅，有此七樹，其蔭高大，有德茂盛，何因棄捨，處枯槁多刺樹耶？」
佛告琉璃王：「雖有七樹，樹蔭茂盛，盛豈有常？吾坐刺樹，以為安隱，用哀愍傷親屬故也。」
王心念言：「先古所載，藏室祕讖，用兵征旅遇沙門者，轉迴軍還，況今值佛，焉得進乎？」稽首佛足，即便反旅。
還于舍衛來日未久，侍者阿難、力士樓由，翼從世尊還尼拘類園，令阿難敷座，宣告四輩，皆令集會。時佛尊顏姿容無燿，項無光明，衣服變色。阿難察坐已定，則整衣法服，右膝投地，叉手白言：「侍尊積年，未覩三變。」
佛告阿難：「却數七日，迦維羅衛釋氏貴姓，皆當傷斃。現斯變者，為中家持服故也。」
大目揵連前白世尊：「是何足言？我之神力，正覺所究，能以右掌，舉舍夷國，跳置空中，上不至天，下不至地，琉璃王殺焉能得乎？」
佛告目連：「知汝威德，過足如斯，宿命之罪，誰當代受？」
又曰：「能以鐵文籠，䟽遮此國，上又以鉢覆，使無形候，擲置他方異土；又以四披須彌山，南內著于山，然後合之，各得所安；又大海水，深廣之量，三百三十六萬里，我以此國，浮置中央，令諸人民無往來想；又一以此國，倚須彌山頂，復能倒覆，令無毀害；又下沒之金剛地際，又打擲于琉璃王眾四種之兵，置大鐵圍山表，使兩怨敵不相討伐。」
佛言：「善哉！世尊信汝，此十威力，能辦此舉。舍夷貴戚，宿世殃罪，孰堪畢償而代受者？」
阿難白佛：「寧有譎詭，祐護此國，令安隱乎？」佛言：「若舍夷人能同心，不與外讎有往來緣，國可全也。」
太史三諫：「王宜用時進討舍夷。」王聞赫怒，興軍勒眾。世尊知之，還坐枯樹。如是至三，王亦三還。
第四征時，佛不遂屬，精銳四品之兵，到舍夷國界。釋氏豪姓，又亦多集，眾出而禦之。族黨驍勇，強盛善射，射四十里者、射二十里者、十里者、七里者任其本德，御飛破初，箭不虛發，能析一髮，以為七分，去有里數射盡中之，尋聲應弦，曾無遺漏。於是交戰，射琉璃王軍，穿幡折幢，裂蓋摧杠；截轅𩌹攝，決鎧帶韅；絕弓弩弦，不害象馬牛畜之命；射珥臂指環釧瓔珞，而不中肌；翦除鬚髮左右眉鬚髮毛睫，亦不害體。
琉璃怖駭，問臣下曰：「敵去此幾何？而箭所至傷毀若茲。」答曰：「或四十里、二十里、十里，近者七里。」
王聞加悸，不能自寧，將破敵軍，即悸退還。太史諫曰：「大王莫懼！慎無敗却。舍夷人民，皆奉佛戒，為清信士，慈仁不殺，以箭恐人，無傷害意，寧自喪身，不夭生命。且更整陣，併心撲討，將牢持重，尅捷不久。」
諸臣啟曰：「察敵軍射，陷遠無形，非力所距，懼被摧折，永令臣等為糜戮之，慮箭不可當，置時據安，小史之謀，不足專從，各各心動，志在迸徂。」王大奮怒，催勅進戰。
舍夷外眾，奔走保城，閉門自固，列陣圍繞。至于七日，示悟去就，招懷誘納，唱令內寇，宜時歸命，若不出降，殄滅爾類。
釋氏共議，當堅城守禦當閉門稽顙，當密潛奔竄，躊躇狼狽，則各賦籌，驗定眾心。受籌者多，不受者少，以少從多，開門助惡成禍，內與外應，欲令敵勝。勸善者少，得開門入，入挌殺門衛五百人，斬害不訾，生縛貴姓三萬人，埋著于地，但令頭現，驅迫群象，比足蹈殺，然後駕犁而耕其首，值此酷者，皆須陀洹。
釋摩男者，波斯匿之舊好也，自謂國人：「諦觀無常，苦毒之對，宿罪當償，勿懷怨恨，生現尋死，存者忽終，若干之痛斧解五杌。」喟然悲歎：「食福同時，而受禍一處。」
豪族七萬餘生，復見生獲，鐵鎖其頸。貴姓女千人，以鎖貫之，羅竪道側。貴姓年少嬰兒，置于格上，而射殺之。
時琉璃王，見釋摩男與眾辛苦，顧謂臣曰：「是何人乎？」答曰：「釋摩男。釋摩男之來，欲有所乞。」王曰：「現之。」
釋自陳曰：「王之大王！存遇隆厚，聽納所啟，當具以聞。」王識委曲，恣其所說。「願節威怒，唯權止兵，無令放逸，多所殘害。我入池中，斯須當還，與王密議立見策也，待我出水，乃復燿旅。」王心與口言：「人在水中，勢不得久。」即聽所白。
於是摩男，為國人民遭大厄故，辭行入池，解髮繫樹，自沈于水，良久不還。王大怪焉，遂遣左右，往求料索，於樹根下，得其尸喪，出殯池側。王甚憐之，有慈哀心：「用門族故，自沈而死，其義若茲。吾為國主，不忍小忿，豈當急戰，使所害彌熾乎？」
前三億人畢對併命；次三億人蒙自次之，救得皆視息，奔突走脫，得全濟命；又三億人，修家供養，歡宴熙怡，伎樂自娛，不知外有併命之厄，亦不聞有奔波之怖，安雅如常，一無所豫。
琉璃王厚葬摩男，存寵其後，王平舍夷更立長，安慰畢訖，還舍衛國。
佛與弟子至迦維羅衛，見諸人民傷殘者多，又察眾女人，杌無手足耳鼻支體，身形裸露，委在坑塹，無用自蔽，世間苦痛如是，不仁之人，相害甚酷。
佛言諸比丘：「彼琉璃王，肆意惡逆，罪盛乃爾，却數七日，有地獄火，當燒殺之，現世作罪，便現世受。」
大史奏讖，怪與佛同，王大恐怖，乘船入海，冀得自免，停住海中。至于七日期盡，水中則有自然火出，燒船及王，一時灰滅。
世尊哀愍諸裸露者，即以威神動忉利天紫紺之殿，帝釋及后、首耶之等，無數天子各齎天衣，俱供來下，以服覆遍裸露厄者。
佛為眾女而說偈曰：
「諸仁目所見， 現在變如是，
畢故莫造新， 後可長度脫。」
佛歎偈已，復為說法。諸來觀者，天、龍、鬼神、阿須倫、迦留羅、真陀羅、摩休勒、梵志、居士、長者、人民，無央數千聞佛所說，五百比丘漏盡意解；五百梵志、其餘現人，見國荒毀傷殘之痛，出家遵道，皆為沙門；五百天子，立不起法忍；二百阿須倫、千龍王，皆發無上正真道意；溝坑五杌裸形男女，命盡得上生忉利天；千五百人得見道迹；千人得不還證。
佛說此已，一切遍聞，稽首而退。
佛說琉璃王經