---
title: "朝鮮佛教通史 · 寶藏王〔高臧〕"
description: "朝鮮佛教通史是韩国学者李能和所著的一部系统研究朝鲜半岛佛教发展历程的经典著作。该书详细梳理了佛教自三国时代传入朝鲜半岛后，历经统一新罗、高丽王朝至朝鲜王朝的演变过程，深入分析了各时期佛教思想、宗派发展及其与政治、社会的关系。李能和作为20世纪韩国佛教研究的奠基人，以严谨的史学方法呈现了朝鲜佛教的本土化特色与历史地位。该著作不仅填补了朝鲜佛教系统研究的空白，更成为理解东亚佛教传播与韩国宗教文化的重要学术参考，对研究韩国思想史和东亚佛教交流具有不可替代的学术价值。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwi2q7m024pl7045n2scs4u"
---

### ○寶藏王〔高臧〕在位二十六年壬寅元年新羅善德女主十一年百濟義慈王二年唐貞觀十六年

> King Baozang (Gojang) reigned for 26 years.

高句麗僧德昌。覘新羅。

> The Goryeo monk Deokchang spied on Silla.

【備考】史紀云。新羅遣伊飡金春秋。乞師於高句麗。六旬不返。金庾信請王。將伐高句麗。募兵三千已。渡漢江。高句麗諜者即德昌也奔告王。遂厚禮春秋而歸之。癸卯二年新羅善德女主十二年百濟義慈王三年唐貞觀十七年

> 【Reference】According to historical records: Silla sent the minister Kim Chun-chu to request troops from Goguryeo. After sixty days without returning, Kim Yu-sin requested the king to prepare to attack Goguryeo. Having recruited three thousand soldiers, they crossed the Han River. A spy from Goguryeo<note>namely Deokchang</note> rushed to inform the king, who then treated Kim Chun-chu with great courtesy and sent him back.<note>Year of Guimao</note> Second year<note>Twelfth year of Queen Seondeok of Silla, third year of King Uija of Baekje, seventeenth year of the Zhenguan era of Tang</note>

高句麗遣使于唐。求道教。先是。蓋蘇文告王曰。三教譬如鼎足。闕一不可。今儒釋並興。而道教未盛。請遣使於唐求之。王奉表陳請。帝遣道士叔達等八人。兼賜老子道德經。王喜。館於佛寺。庚戌九年新羅真德女主四年百濟義慈王十年唐永徽元年

> Goguryeo sent an envoy to the Tang dynasty to request the teachings of Daoism. Previously, Yeon Gaesomun had advised the king, saying, "The three teachings are like the legs of a tripod—not one can be missing. Now, Confucianism and Buddhism are both flourishing, but Daoism has not yet spread widely. I request that we send an envoy to the Tang to seek it." The king submitted a memorial expressing this request. The emperor dispatched eight Daoist priests, including Shuda, and also bestowed a copy of the \*Daodejing\* by Laozi. The king was delighted and housed them in a Buddhist temple.<note>Gengxu</note> Ninth year<note>Fourth year of Queen Jinde of Silla, tenth year of King Uija of Baekje, first year of Yonghui era of Tang</note>

夏。高句麗沙門普德。以高句麗崇奉道教。不信佛法。遂南移百濟之完山孤大山。

> In the summer, the monk Pude of Goguryeo, seeing that Goguryeo revered Daoism and did not believe in the Buddha’s teachings, moved south to Mount Gudashan in Baekje.

【備考】三國遺事云。本記云。麗季武德貞觀之間。國人爭奉五斗米教。唐高祖聞之遣道士。送天尊像來。講道德經。王與國人聽之。即第二十七代榮留王即位七年武德七年甲申也。明年。遣使往唐。求學佛老。唐帝許之。及寶藏王即位。亦欲興三教。時寵相蓋蘇文。說王。以儒釋並熾而黃冠未盛。特使於唐。求道教。時普德和尚。住盤龍寺憫左道匹正。國祚危矣。屢諫不聽。乃以神力飛方丈。南移于完山州（今全州郡）孤大山。（輿地勝覽作全州高達山）而居焉。即永徽元年六月庚戌也。（又本傳云乾封二年丁卯三月三日也）未幾國滅。今景福寺有飛來方丈是也。高麗真樂公留詩在堂。文烈王著傳行世。大安八年辛未。祐世僧綂。（大覺國師義天）到孤大山景福寺飛來方丈。禮普德聖師之真。有詩云。涅槃方等教。傳受自吾師。可惜飛房後。東明古國危。跋云。高麗藏王。惑於道教。不信佛法。師乃飛房。南至此山。後有神人。現於高麗馬嶺。告人云。汝國敗兦無日矣。具如國史。餘具載本傳與僧傳。師有高弟十一人。無上和尚與弟子金趣等。創金洞寺。寂滅義融二師。創珍丘寺。智藪創大乘寺。一乘與心正大原等創大原寺。水淨創維摩寺。四大與契育等創中臺寺。開原和尚創開原寺。明德創燕口寺。開心與普明亦有傳。皆如本傳。

> \[Supplementary Note\] The Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms states: According to the original records, during the late Goryeo period, between the Wude and Zhenguan eras, the people of the country competed in embracing the Five Pecks of Rice Sect. When Emperor Gaozu of Tang heard of this, he sent a Daoist priest to deliver an image of the Heavenly Venerable and expound the Daodejing. The king and the people listened to it. This occurred in the seventh year of Wude (Jiashen year), which was the seventh year of the reign of the twenty-seventh king, King Yeongnyu. The following year, an envoy was sent to Tang to request the study of Buddhism and Daoism, which the Tang emperor permitted. When King Bojang ascended the throne, he also sought to promote the three teachings. At that time, the powerful minister Yeon Gaesomun advised the king that while Confucianism and Buddhism were flourishing, Daoism had not yet prospered. He specifically sent an envoy to Tang to seek Daoism. At that time, the monk Bodeok, residing at Ballyong Temple, lamented that heterodox teachings were contending with the orthodox, endangering the fate of the nation. He repeatedly remonstrated, but his advice went unheeded. Using his divine power, he flew with his abbot's quarters southward to Wansanju (present-day Jeonju-gun) and settled on Gobong Mountain (also recorded as Godal Mountain in Jeonju according to the \*Yeojidoseungnam\*). This occurred on the Gengxu day of the sixth month in the first year of Yonghui (650 CE). (Another record states it was on the third day of the third month in the second year of Qianfeng, Dingmao year, 667 CE.) Not long after, the kingdom fell. The current Gyeongbok Temple houses the "Flying Abbot's Quarters." The Goryeo nobleman Jinak Gong left a poem in the hall, and King Munryeol authored a biography that circulated in the world. In the eighth year of Da'an, Xinwei year (1092), the Supreme Monk Overseer (the Great Master Uicheon) visited the Flying Abbot's Quarters at Gyeongbok Temple on Gobong Mountain to pay respects to the portrait of the Saintly Teacher Bodeok. He composed a poem: \*The teachings of Nirvana and the Mahayana,\* \*Transmitted and received from my teacher.\* \*Alas, after the flying of the quarters,\* \*The ancient kingdom of Dongmyeong was imperiled.\* The postscript reads: King Bojang of Goryeo, deluded by Daoism, did not believe in the Buddha-Dharma. The teacher then flew with his quarters south to this mountain. Later, a divine being appeared at Maryeong in Goryeo and proclaimed, "Your kingdom's downfall is imminent." The details are as recorded in the national history. Further particulars are documented in the original biography and the monastic chronicles. The teacher had eleven eminent disciples: Monk Museong and his disciple Geumchwi founded Geumdong Temple; Monks Jeongmyeol and Uiyong founded Jinchu Temple; Monk Jisu founded Daeseung Temple; Monk Ilseung, along with Shimjeong and Daewon, founded Daewon Temple; Monk Sujeong founded Yuma Temple; Monk Sadae, along with Gyeyuk, founded Jungdae Temple; Monk Gaewon founded Gaewon Temple; Monk Myeongdeok founded Yeonggu Temple; Monks Gaesim and Bomyeong also have biographies. All are as recorded in the original biography.

贊曰。

> Praise be.

釋氏汪洋海不窮。百川儒老盡朝宗。麗王可笑封沮洳。不省滄溟徙臥龍。戊辰二十七年新羅文武王八年唐高宗總章元年佛紀一六九五年

> The Buddha's teachings are a boundless ocean, vast and deep. All rivers of Confucian and Daoist thought flow into it as tributaries. How laughable are those petty kings who try to dam the marshes, Unaware that the great sea itself has welcomed the reclining dragon.

高句麗兦于唐。唐以高句麗浮屠信誠。為銀青光祿大夫。先是唐帥李勣。與新羅兵。合圍平壤城。高句麗王高臧降。大臣男建猶固守。浮圖信誠。遣諜內應。城遂破。

> Goguryeo fell to the Tang dynasty. The Tang appointed the Buddhist monk Xincheng from Goguryeo as Grand Master of Palace Leisure with Silver Seal and Blue Ribbon. Earlier, the Tang general Li Ji, together with Silla troops, had jointly besieged the city of Pyongyang. The King of Goguryeo, Gojang, surrendered. However, the minister Yeon Gaesomun continued to stubbornly defend the city. The monk Xincheng sent spies to act from within, and the city was thus captured.

【備考】史記云。春正月唐將李勣。帥師伐高句麗。以右相劉仁軌為遼東道副大總管。以郝處俊金仁問副之。使仁問徵兵於新羅。合圍平壤城月餘。高句麗王遣泉南產帥首領九十八人。竪白幡。詣勣降。勣以禮接之。男建猶固守。頻遣兵出戰。皆敗。男建以軍事委浮屠信誠。信誠密遣諜。約內應。後五日啟闔。勣縱兵鼓譟而入。火其門。灼𦦨四興。男建急窘。自刺不絕。勣執臧及子福男德男大臣男建等二十餘萬眾歸唐。新羅金仁問等隨之。唐置都護府於平壤。以薛仁貴為都護。分五部百七十六城。六十九萬餘戶。為九都督府四十二州百縣。皆綂於都護府。

> \*\*\[Reference Note\]\*\* According to the \*Records of the Grand Historian\*: In the first month of spring, the Tang general Li Ji led an army to attack Goguryeo. He appointed the Right Chancellor Liu Rengui as the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Liaodong Circuit, with Hao Chujun and Kim In-mun serving as his deputies. Kim In-mun was sent to Silla to conscript troops. They jointly besieged the city of Pyongyang for over a month. The King of Goguryeo dispatched Yeon Nam-saeng, leading ninety-eight chieftains, to raise a white banner and surrender to Li Ji. Li Ji received them with proper ceremony. However, Yeon Gaesomun's son, Yeon Namsan, stubbornly continued to defend the city, frequently sending troops out to fight, but they were repeatedly defeated. Yeon Namsan entrusted military affairs to a Buddhist monk named Sinseong. Sinseong secretly sent a spy to arrange for an insider to open the city gates. Five days later, the gates were opened. Li Ji ordered his troops to charge in with loud shouts, set the gates on fire, and flames rose on all sides. In desperate straits, Yeon Namsan attempted suicide by stabbing himself but failed to die. Li Ji captured him, along with his son Boknam, his brother Namdeok, his minister Namgeon, and over 200,000 people, and took them back to Tang. Kim In-mun of Silla and others followed. The Tang established a Protectorate General in Pyongyang, appointing Xue Rengui as the Protector-General. They divided the territory into five districts, comprising 176 cities, over 690,000 households, and established nine military governorates, forty-two prefectures, and one hundred counties, all governed by the Protectorate General.