---
title: "大乘義章 · 178 十明義(一四)"
description: "大乘義章是隋代高僧慧遠所著的一部重要佛教論典。該書創作於南北朝佛教義學興盛之際旨在系統闡釋大乘佛教的核心教義。全書內容廣博對名相、法數、教理等進行了精細分梳與詮釋涵蓋空有、佛性、修行等多個關鍵領域體系嚴整被譽為中國佛教史上的百科全書式著作。此書不僅總結了南北朝佛教的思想精華更對後世天台、華嚴等宗派的教理發展產生了深遠影響是研究漢傳大乘佛教思想不可或缺的權威典籍。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwjp7sq0gzpl70454ajdkso"
---

### 十明義

> Ten Clarifications

十明之義出華嚴經。知法顯了故名為明。明義不同一門說十。十名是何。一他心智明。一切眾生心心數法悉如實知。二天眼智明。一切色像明了無礙。三宿命智明。於過去世他及自身八種事六種同行皆如實知。四入未來際無礙智明。一切眾生未來世中生死流轉若出若沒皆如實知。五天耳智明。於十方界一切音聲。若聞不聞隨意自在。六安住無畏神力智明。具足無量不可思議大神通力。於十方界若來若去自在無礙。七分別一切音聲智明。一切眾生語言差別皆如實知。八出生無量色身智明。種種色像悉能現化。九知一切法真實智明。於一切法悉如實知。十入一切法滅定智明。入一切法寂滅正受。而不捨於一切所行。此十猶是六通所攝。初一是其他心智通。第二第四是天眼通。第三是其宿命智通。第五第七是天耳通。第六第八是其身通。後二是其漏盡智通。若分第九為法智通。此十便是七通所攝。十明如是。

> The meaning of the Ten Insights comes from the Flower Garland Sutra. Knowing the Dharma clearly and distinctly is what we call "insight." Since insights differ in meaning, the teachings are presented as ten distinct ones. What are these ten? First, the Insight of Knowing Others' Minds: One truly understands all the mental activities and states of every living being. Second, the Insight of the Divine Eye: One sees all forms and images clearly, without any obstruction. Third, the Insight of Past Lives: One truly understands the eight kinds of events and six types of shared experiences concerning oneself and others in past lives. Fourth, the Insight of Unobstructed Knowledge of the Future: One truly understands the cycle of birth and death, and the arising and passing away of all beings in times to come. Fifth, the Insight of the Divine Ear: One freely and effortlessly hears all sounds throughout the ten directions, whether they are near or far. Sixth, the Insight of Fearless Miraculous Power: One possesses infinite and inconceivable miraculous abilities, moving freely and without hindrance throughout the ten directions. Seventh, the Insight of Distinguishing All Sounds: One truly understands the different languages and ways of speaking of all beings. Eighth, the Insight of Manifesting Countless Physical Forms: One is able to appear in all kinds of shapes and forms. Ninth, the Insight of Understanding the True Nature of All Things: One truly comprehends the reality of all phenomena. Tenth, the Insight of Entering the Cessation of All Things: One rests in the still, tranquil state where all phenomena have ceased, yet never abandons any of one's compassionate activities. These ten are actually encompassed within the six spiritual powers. The first is the power of knowing others' minds. The second and fourth are the powers of the divine eye. The third is the power of recalling past lives. The fifth and seventh are the powers of the divine ear. The sixth and eighth are the powers of miraculous transformation. And the last two are the powers of the cessation of all defilements. If the ninth is separately considered the power of insightful wisdom, then these ten are included within seven spiritual powers. So it is with the Ten Insights.