---
title: "根本薩婆多部律攝 · 21 眾不差教授苾芻尼學處"
description: "根本薩婆多部律攝由印度尊者勝友造唐代高僧義淨法師漢譯是根本說一切有部律典的重要釋論全書以攝頌體概括律藏核心內容系統闡述比丘戒相與行事準則反映印度佛教部派時期的戒律思想為研究說一切有部律制的重要文獻在漢傳佛教律學體系中具有權威地位對唐代及後世律宗發展影響深遠"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwjqdkc0ieml7040csfokwa"
---

### 眾不差教授苾芻尼學處第二十一

> Chapter 21: The Training Rule on Teaching the Assembly Without Discrimination

佛在室羅伐城給孤獨園，時六眾苾芻各任自意，輒出界外共相差遣、或居界內不取他欲、或闕德強差往尼寺中輒為教授。此由尼事貪心希望，招世譏嫌，待緣煩惱，制斯學處。

> The Buddha was staying in the monastery of Anāthapiṇḍada, in the city of Śrāvastī. At that time, the six monks each acted according to their own will: they would leave the boundary without permission and assign duties to one another; or they would remain within the boundary without seeking consent from others; or they would forcibly appoint those lacking virtue to go to the nuns' monastery to give instruction. This arose from matters concerning the nuns, driven by greed and desire, which invited worldly criticism. To address this condition of afflictions, this training rule was established.

「若復苾芻，眾不差遣，自往教誡苾芻尼者，除獲勝法，波逸底迦。」

此十學處起由尼者，事及煩惱與此皆同。其中別者，第三由不忍故，第八由鄔波斯迦。言不差者，謂非白二眾共差遣，有四過失差不成差：謂界、日、眾、人。界謂界外差，日非長淨日，眾者人不集，人謂七德虧。言七德者，一者持戒；二者多聞；三者住位耆宿；四者善都城語；五者不曾以身污苾芻尼，設曾身污苾芻尼者，其罪已如法悔除；六者於八他勝法所有開遮能廣宣說；七於八尊重法能善開演。言八他勝法者，四同苾芻，餘四有異。一、謂眼膝中間所有身分，共染心男子相觸受樂。二、謂本心為不淨行，共染心男子作期契等，乃至全身臥地。三、知尼有重罪，故心藏覆。四、被舉棄人隨順而住。

> These ten precepts for nuns arise from the same causes, circumstances, and afflictions as those for monks. The specific differences are: the third precept arises from intolerance, and the eighth from laywomen. "Without being formally appointed" means not being selected by the assembly through a formal motion and declaration. There are four faults that render an appointment invalid: boundary, day, assembly, and person. "Boundary" refers to appointing outside the designated area; "day" means appointing on a day other than the purification day; "assembly" means the people are not gathered; and "person" means lacking the seven qualities. The seven qualities are: first, upholding the precepts; second, being learned; third, being a senior in standing; fourth, being skilled in the language of the capital; fifth, never having defiled a nun with one’s body, or if one has, having properly repented and purified the offense; sixth, being able to extensively explain the allowances and prohibitions of the eight defeat offenses; seventh, being able to skillfully expound the eight rules of respect. The eight defeat offenses are: four are the same as for monks, and the other four are different. First, touching and taking pleasure in any part of the body between the eyes and knees with a lustful man. Second, with the intention of impurity, making an appointment with a lustful man, even to the point of lying fully on the ground. Third, knowingly concealing a nun’s grave offense. Fourth, associating with and supporting someone who has been expelled.

攝頌曰：

> The summary verse says:

尼有八他勝， 四同於苾芻，餘觸染男期， 覆罪隨僧棄。

八尊重法者，一、從苾芻受近圓事；二、半月半月求請教授；三、無苾芻處不應安居；四、見苾芻過不應詰責；五、不應瞋呵苾芻；六、應禮敬年少苾芻；七、在二部眾中行摩那𭅤；八、往苾芻處為隨意事。

攝頌曰：

近圓從苾芻， 半月請教授，依苾芻坐夏， 見過不應言，不瞋呵禮少， 意喜兩眾中，隨意對苾芻， 斯名八尊法。

若於七德有闕者，若眾差遣，眾得惡作，設令作法亦不成差。眾者，謂是一味情不乖離。苾芻尼者，謂近圓尼。言教授者，極少乃至八尊重法，他請問時，能為開釋。若處無人肯教授者，眾應隨時令一苾芻作如是語：「諸姊妹等苾芻尼眾，並悉和合清淨而住，同修勝行無罪過不？今此眾中無一苾芻樂為教授，然僧伽有二教授：一、廣，二、略。今作略教授法，爾可謹慎勤修勝法，莫為放逸，敬奉行之。」言除獲勝法者，此顯朱荼半託迦獲阿羅漢，能令法俗生信敬心，設不蒙差往教無犯。於近圓尼作近圓想等有六句，二重、二輕，後二無犯。若於彼先犯重等尼、或授學尼黨教非黨尼、或復翻此，為教授時，咸得惡作。若言不相解者，亦惡作罪。