---
title: "鎮州臨濟慧照禪師語錄 · 行錄"
description: "镇州临济慧照禅师语录由唐代僧人慧然编集，收录了禅宗临济宗创始人义玄禅师的语录和行迹。该书成于晚唐时期，系统阐述了临济宗棒喝齐施、机锋峻烈的宗风，强调直指人心、见性成佛的禅法要旨。作为禅宗最重要的语录体著作之一，它奠定了临济宗的思想基础，对后世禅宗发展影响深远，是研究临济禅法不可或缺的经典文献。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwmc2n406r1js042q3v56sc"
---

### 行錄

> Record of Conduct

師初在黃蘗會下行業純一，首座乃歎曰：「雖是後生，與眾有異。」遂問：「上座在此多少時？」師云：「三年。」首座云：「曾參問也無？」師云：「不曾參問，不知問箇什麼？」首座云：「汝何不去問堂頭和尚，如何是佛法的的大意？」師便去問，聲未絕，黃蘗便打。師下來，首座云：「問話作麼生？」師云：「某甲問聲未絕，和尚便打，某甲不會。」首座云：「但更去問。」師又去問，黃蘗又打。如是三度發問，三度被打。師來白首座云：「幸蒙慈悲，令某甲問訊和尚，三度發問，三度被打，自恨障緣不領深旨，今且辭去。」首座云：「汝若去時，須辭和尚去。」師禮拜退，首座先到和尚處，云：「問話底後生甚是如法，若來辭時，方便接他，向後穿鑿成一株大樹，與天下人作廕涼去在。」師去辭黃蘗，蘗云：「不得往別處去，汝向高安灘頭大愚處去，必為汝說。」師到大愚，大愚問：「什麼處來？」師云：「黃蘗處來。」大愚云：「黃蘗有何言句？」師云：「某甲三度問佛法的的大意，三度被打。不知某甲有過？無過？」大愚云：「黃蘗與麼老婆為汝得徹困，更來這裏問有過、無過？」師於言下大悟，云：「元來黃蘗佛法無多子。」大愚搊住云：「這尿床鬼子，適來道有過、無過，如今却道黃蘗佛法無多子。爾見箇什麼道理？速道，速道。」師於大愚脅下築三拳，大愚托開，云：「汝師黃蘗，非干我事。」師辭大愚，却回黃蘗。黃蘗見來便問：「這漢來來去去，有什麼了期？」師云：「秖為老婆心切。」便人事了侍立。黃蘗問：「什麼處去來？」師云：「昨奉慈旨，令參大愚去來。」黃蘗云：「大愚有何言句？」師遂舉前話，黃蘗云：「作麼生得這漢來？待痛與一頓。」師云：「說什麼待來？即今便喫。」隨後便掌。黃蘗云：「這風顛漢却來這裏捋虎鬚。」師便喝。黃蘗云：「侍者引這風顛漢參堂去。」後溈山舉此話問仰山：「臨濟當時得大愚力？得黃蘗力？」仰山云：「非但騎虎頭，亦解把虎尾。」

> The teacher was initially in Huangbo's assembly, conducting himself with pure and unwavering practice. The head monk sighed and said, "Though he is young, he is different from the others." He then asked, "How long have you been here?" The teacher said, "Three years." The head monk asked, "Have you ever sought instruction?" The teacher said, "No, I haven't. I don't know what to ask." The head monk said, "Why don't you go ask the master of the hall, 'What is the true meaning of the Buddha's Dharma?'" The teacher went to ask, but before his voice faded, Huangbo struck him. The teacher came back, and the head monk asked, "How did your question go?" The teacher said, "Before I even finished asking, the master struck me. I don't understand." The head monk said, "Just go ask again." The teacher went again, and Huangbo struck him again. This happened three times—three times he asked, three times he was struck. The teacher came to the head monk and said, "Thanks to your compassion, I asked the master three times, and three times I was struck. I regret that my karmic obstacles kept me from grasping the profound meaning. I'll leave now." The head monk said, "If you're leaving, you should take leave of the master first." The teacher bowed and withdrew. The head monk went ahead to the master and said, "That young man who asked questions is truly in accord with the Dharma. If he comes to take leave, please guide him skillfully. In the future, he'll grow into a great tree providing shade for all people." When the teacher went to take leave of Huangbo, Huangbo said, "Don't go anywhere else. Go to Dayu at the Gao'an ferry—he will surely explain it to you." When the teacher arrived at Dayu's place, Dayu asked, "Where have you come from?" The teacher said, "From Huangbo's place." Dayu asked, "What did Huangbo say?" The teacher said, "I asked three times about the true meaning of the Buddha's Dharma, and three times I was struck. I don't know—was I at fault or not?" Dayu said, "Huangbo was like a kind old grandmother, exhausting himself to help you see through. Yet you still come here asking about fault or no fault!" At these words, the teacher was suddenly awakened and said, "So Huangbo's Dharma isn't so complicated after all!" Dayu grabbed him and said, "You bed-wetting ghost! Just now you spoke of fault or no fault, and now you say Huangbo's Dharma isn't so complicated. What insight have you seen? Speak quickly! Speak quickly!" The teacher then punched Dayu three times in the ribs. Dayu pushed him away and said, "Your teacher is Huangbo—it has nothing to do with me." The teacher left Dayu and returned to Huangbo. When Huangbo saw him coming, he asked, "This fellow, coming and going—when will there be an end?" The teacher said, "Only because of your grandmother-like kindness." Then he attended to his duties and stood to one side. Huangbo asked, "Where have you been?" The teacher said, "Following your compassionate instruction, I went to see Dayu." Huangbo asked, "What did Dayu say?" The teacher then recounted the previous exchange. Huangbo said, "How could I get this fellow here? I'd give him a thorough beating!" The teacher said, "Why wait for later? Take it right now!" And with that, he struck Huangbo. Huangbo said, "This crazy fellow has come to pull the tiger's whiskers!" The teacher then shouted. Huangbo said, "Attendant, take this crazy fellow to the monk's hall." Later, Guishan brought up this story and asked Yangshan, "At that time, did Linji gain from Dayu's power or from Huangbo's power?" Yangshan said, "He not only knew how to ride the tiger's head, but also how to grab the tiger's tail."

師栽松次，黃蘗問：「深山裏栽許多，作什麼？」師云：「一與山門作境致，二與後人作標榜。」道了，將钁頭打地三下。黃蘗云：「雖然如是，子已喫吾三十棒了也。」師又以钁頭打地三下，作噓噓聲。黃蘗云：「吾宗到汝大興於世。」後溈山舉此語問仰山：「黃蘗當時秖囑臨濟一人，更有人在？」仰山云：「有，秖是年代深遠，不欲舉似和尚。」溈山云：「雖然如是，吾亦要知，汝但舉看。」仰山云：「一人指南吳越令行，遇大風即止讖風穴和尚也。」師侍立德山次，山云：「今日困。」師云：「這老漢寐語作什麼？」山便打，師掀倒繩床，山便休。

> The master was planting pine trees when Huangbo asked, "In the deep mountains, you're planting so many—what for?" The master said, "First, to adorn the mountain gate; second, to serve as a model for future generations." Having said this, he struck the ground three times with his hoe. Huangbo said, "Even so, you've already taken thirty blows from me." The master again struck the ground three times with his hoe and made a "hush, hush" sound. Huangbo said, "My tradition will flourish greatly in the world through you." Later, Guishan raised this story and asked Yangshan, "At that time, Huangbo only entrusted Linji alone—was there anyone else?" Yangshan said, "There was, but it's been so many years that I hesitate to bring it up before you." Guishan said, "Even so, I still want to know—just go ahead and tell me." Yangshan said, "One person points south, and the order is carried out in Wu and Yue; when he encounters a great wind, he will stop<note>This is a prophecy about Master Fengxue</note>." The master was once serving Deshan when Deshan said, "I'm tired today." The master said, "Old man, why talk in your sleep?" Deshan then struck him, and the master toppled over the rope chair. Deshan then stopped.

師普請鋤地次，見黃蘗來，拄钁而立。黃蘗云：「這漢困那？」師云：「钁也未舉，困箇什麼？」黃蘗便打，師接住棒，一送送倒。黃蘗喚：「維那！維那！扶起我。」維那近前扶，云：「和尚爭容得這風顛漢無禮？」黃蘗纔起便打維那，師钁地，云：「諸方火葬，我這裏一時活埋。」後溈山問仰山：「黃蘗打維那意作麼生？」仰山云：「正賊走却，邏蹤人喫棒。」

> The master was hoeing the ground with the community when he saw Huangbo approaching. He stopped and leaned on his hoe. Huangbo said, "Is this fellow tired?" The master replied, "I haven't even lifted my hoe—what would I be tired from?" Huangbo then struck him. The master caught the staff and pushed Huangbo, sending him to the ground. Huangbo called out, "Instructor! Instructor! Help me up." The instructor came forward to help him up and said, "Master, how can you tolerate this crazy fellow's rudeness?" As soon as Huangbo got up, he struck the instructor. The master went back to hoeing the ground, saying, "Elsewhere they cremate bodies—here, I bury them all alive at once." Later, Guishan asked Yangshan, "What did Huangbo mean by striking the instructor?" Yangshan said, "The real thief got away—the one tracking him took the beating."

師一日在僧堂前坐，見黃蘗來，便閉却目。黃蘗乃作怖勢，便歸方丈。師隨至方丈禮謝，首座在黃蘗處侍立。黃蘗云：「此僧雖是後生，却知有此事。」首座云：「老和尚脚跟不點地，却證據箇後生。」黃蘗自於口上打一摑，首座云：「知即得。」

> One day, the Master was sitting in front of the monks' hall when he saw Huangbo approaching. He closed his eyes. Huangbo then made a frightening gesture and returned to the abbot's quarters. The Master followed him there and bowed in thanks. The head monk was standing in attendance beside Huangbo. Huangbo said, "Though this monk is young, he already understands this matter." The head monk said, "Old master, your feet have not yet touched the ground, yet you confirm a young one." Huangbo slapped himself on the mouth. The head monk said, "Knowing is enough."

師在堂中睡，黃蘗下來見，以拄杖打板頭一下。師舉頭見是黃蘗，却睡。黃蘗又打板頭一下，却往上間，見首座坐禪，乃云：「下間後生却坐禪，汝這裏妄想作什麼？」首座云：「這老漢作什麼？」黃蘗打板頭一下，便出去。後溈山問仰山：「黃蘗入僧堂意作麼生？」仰山云：「兩彩一賽。」

一日普請次，師在後行，黃蘗回頭見師空手，乃問：「钁頭在什麼處？」師云：「有一人將去了也。」黃蘗云：「近前來，共汝商量箇事。」師便近前，黃蘗竪起钁頭，云：「秖這箇，天下人拈掇不起。」師就手掣得竪起，云：「為什麼却在某甲手裏？」黃蘗云：「今日大有人普請。」便歸院。後溈山問仰山：「钁頭在黃蘗手裏，為什麼却被臨濟奪却？」仰山云：「賊是小人，智過君子。」

師為黃蘗馳書去溈山，時仰山作知客，接得書便問：「這箇是黃蘗底？那箇是專使底？」師便掌，仰山約住云：「老兄知是般事便休。」同去見溈山，溈山便問：「黃蘗師兄多少眾？」師云：「七百眾。」溈山云：「什麼人為導首？」師云：「適來已達書了也。」師却問溈山：「和尚此間多少眾？」溈山云：「一千五百眾。」師云：「太多生。」溈山云：「黃蘗師兄亦不少。」師辭溈山，仰山送出，云：「汝向後北去有箇住處。」師云：「豈有與麼事？」仰山云：「但去。已後有一人佐輔老兄在，此人秖是有頭無尾、有始無終。」師後倒鎮州，普化已在彼中。師出世，普化佐贊於師。師住未久，普化全身脫去。

師因半夏上黃蘗，見和尚看經，師云：「我將謂是箇人，元來是揞黑豆老和尚。」住數日乃辭去。黃蘗云：「汝破夏來，不終夏去？」師云：「某甲暫來禮拜和尚。」黃蘗遂打趁令去。師行數里，疑此事，却回終夏。師一日辭黃蘗，蘗問：「什麼處去？」師云：「不是河南，便歸河北。」黃蘗便打，師約住與一掌，黃蘗大笑，乃喚侍者將百丈先師禪板机案來。師云：「侍者將火來。」黃蘗云：「雖然如是，汝但將去，已後坐却天下人舌頭去在。」後溈山問仰山：「臨濟莫辜負他黃蘗也無？」仰山云：「不然。」溈山云：「子又作麼生？」仰山云：「知恩方解報恩。」溈山云：「從上古人還有相似底也無？」仰山云：「有，秖是年代深遠，不欲舉似和尚。」溈山云：「雖然如是，吾亦要知，子但舉看。」仰山云：「秖如楞嚴會上阿難讚佛云：『將此深心奉塵剎，是則名為報佛恩。』豈不是報恩之事？」溈山云：「如是，如是。見與師齊，減師半德；見過於師，方堪傳授。」

師到達磨塔頭，塔主云：「長老先禮佛？先禮祖？」師云：「佛、祖俱不禮。」塔主云：「佛、祖與長老是什麼冤家？」師便拂袖而出。

師行脚時到龍光，光上堂，師出，問云：「不展鋒鋩如何得勝？」光據坐。師云：「大善知識豈無方便？」光瞪目，云：「嗄。」師以手指云：「這老漢今日敗闕也。」

到三峯，平和尚問曰：「什麼處來？」師云：「黃蘗來。」平云：「黃蘗有何言句？」師云：「金牛昨夜遭塗炭，直至如今不見蹤。」平云：「金風吹玉管，那箇是知音？」師云：「直透萬重關，不住清霄內。」平云：「子這一問太高生。」師云：「龍生金鳳子，衝破碧琉璃。」平云：「且坐，喫茶。」又問：「近離甚處？」師云：「龍光。」平云：「龍光近日如何？」師便出去。

到大慈，慈在方丈內坐。師問：「端居丈室時如何？」慈云：「寒松一色千年別，野老拈花萬國春。」師云：「今古永超圓智體，三山鎖斷萬重關。」慈便喝，師亦喝。慈云：「作麼？」師拂袖便出。

到襄州華嚴，嚴倚拄杖作睡勢，師云：「老和尚瞌睡作麼？」嚴云：「作家、禪客，宛爾不同。」師云：「侍者點茶來與和尚喫。」嚴乃喚維那：「第三位安排這上座。」

到翠峯，峯問：「甚處來？」師云：「黃蘗來。」峯云：「黃蘗有何言句指示於人？」師云：「黃蘗無言句。」峯云：「為什麼無？」師云：「設有，亦無舉處。」峯云：「但舉看。」師云：「一箭過西天。」

到象田，師問：「不凡、不聖，請師速道。」田云：「老僧秖與麼？」師便喝，云：「許多禿子在這裏覓什麼椀？」

到明化，化問：「來來去去作什麼？」師云：「秖徒踏破草鞋。」化云：「畢竟作麼生？」師云：「老漢話頭也不識。」

往鳳林，路逢一婆。婆問：「甚處去？」師云：「鳳林去。」婆云：「恰值鳳林不在。」師云：「甚處去？」婆便行，師乃喚婆，婆回頭，師便打。

到鳳林，林問：「有事相借問，得麼？」師云：「何得剜肉作瘡？」林云：「海月澄無影，遊魚獨自迷。」師云：「海月既無影，遊魚何得迷？」鳳林云：「觀風知浪起，翫水野帆飄。」師云：「孤輪獨照江山靜，自笑一聲天地驚。」林云：「任將三寸輝天地，一句臨機試道看。」師云：「路逢劍客須呈劍，不是詩人莫獻詩。」鳳林便休。師乃有頌：「大道絕同，任向西東，石火莫及，電光罔通。」溈山問仰山：「石火莫及、電光罔通，從上諸聖將什麼為人？」仰山云：「和尚意作麼生？」溈山云：「但有言說，都無寔義。」仰山云：「不然。」溈山云：「子又作麼生？」仰山云：「官不容針，私通車馬。」

到金牛，牛見師來，橫按拄杖，當門踞坐。師以手敲拄杖三下，却歸堂中第一位坐。牛下來見，乃問：「夫賓主相見各具威儀，上座從何而來？太無禮生。」師云：「老和尚道什麼？」牛擬開口，師便打。牛作倒勢，師又打。牛云：「今日不著便。」溈山問仰山：「此二尊宿還有勝負也無？」仰山云：「勝即總勝，負即總負。」

師臨遷化時據坐云：「吾滅後不得滅却吾正法眼藏。」三聖出云：「爭敢滅却和尚正法眼藏？」師云：「已後有人問爾，向他道什麼？」三聖便喝。師云：「誰知吾正法眼藏向這瞎驢邊滅却。」言訖端然示寂。

師諱義玄，曹州南華人也，俗姓邢氏，幼而頴異，長以孝聞。及落髮受具，居於講肆，精究毘尼，博𦣱經論，俄而歎曰：「此濟世之醫方也，非教外別傳之旨。」即更衣游方，首參黃蘗，次謁大愚，其機緣語句載于行錄。既受黃蘗印可，尋抵河北鎮州城東南隅，臨滹沱河側小院住持，其臨濟因地得名。時普化先在彼，佯狂混眾，聖凡莫測。師至即佐之。師正旺化，普化全身脫去，乃符仰山小釋迦之懸記也。適丁兵革，師即棄去，太尉默君和於城中捨宅為寺，亦以臨濟為額迎師居焉。後拂衣南邁至河府，府主王常侍延以師禮。住未幾，即來大名府興化寺，居于東堂。師無疾，忽一日攝衣據坐，與三聖問答畢，寂然而逝，時唐咸通八年丁亥孟陬月十日也。門人以師全身建塔于大名府西北隅，勅諡慧照禪師，塔號澄靈。合掌稽首，記師大略。住鎮州保壽嗣法小師延沼謹書。

## 鎮州臨濟慧照禪師語錄終

住大名府興化嗣法小師存獎校勘

永享九年八月十五日板在法性寺東經所