---
title: "八海含藏 · 天台宗"
description: "八海含藏是日本临济宗高僧師鍊所著的重要佛教经典，成书于日本镰仓时代。该书系统阐述了禅宗思想，融合了临济宗与曹洞宗的教义，强调心性本净、直指人心的修行方法。内容涵盖禅宗公案、修行要诀及佛法精髓，对日本禅宗发展影响深远。師鍊作为日本禅宗的重要传承者，其著作被视为研究日本佛教思想史的关键文献。八海含藏不仅在日本佛教界享有崇高地位，也为东亚禅学研究提供了珍贵资料，是理解日本临济宗思想体系的重要典籍。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwntnav0ksijs0414ih5ph2"
---

### 天台宗

> Tiantai School

天台宗者。是依能弘意也。若依所弘可謂法華宗。於月支【考】支下恐脫起者二字釋迦如來於靈鷲山。八箇年間自說法華經。以來滅後。付法次第。如金口相承。第一迦葉尊者。第二阿難尊者。第三商那和修。乃至二十三者師子比丘也。此師子之時。付法絕畢。震旦傳來。滅後一千四百餘年。齊高惠聞禪師出世。齊高齊國號高代名自謂。我獨步河淮當以誰為師。入藏取卷。若經師佛。若論師菩薩。即入經藏供香散花。後手取卷。龍樹所造中觀論也。即開讀之。當因緣所生法樂文開一心三觀內證。爾來聞。岳。天。灌。智。慧。朗。然。邃。是九天台祖惠聞。南岳。天台。灌頂。智威。惠威。玄朗。湛然。道邃。九師次第相傳。日本傳來。人王五十代桓武天皇御宇延曆二十三年。最澄和尚三十八歲。賜勅入唐。謁道邃和尚并行滿大師受天台深儀。同二十四年歸朝云云。八宗由來如斯

> The Tiantai School is named after the place where it was propagated. If named after the scripture it promotes, it could be called the Lotus School. In India, Shakyamuni Buddha personally taught the Lotus Sutra on Vulture Peak over eight years. After his parinirvana, the transmission of the Dharma followed the lineage as orally transmitted by the Buddha. The first was Mahakashyapa, the second was Ananda, the third was Shanavasa, and so on, up to the twenty-third, Bhikshu Simha. With Simha, the transmission of the Dharma in India came to an end. The school was transmitted to China over 1,400 years after the Buddha’s parinirvana. During the Qi dynasty, under Emperor Gao, the Chan master Huiwen appeared. Emperor Gao of Qi once said to himself, “I stand alone between the Yellow and Huai Rivers—whom shall I take as my teacher?” He entered the sutra repository, made offerings of incense and flowers, and then reached for a text. It was Nagarjuna’s \*Madhyamaka Shastra\*. Upon opening and reading it, he was delighted by the passage on dependent arising and awakened to the inner realization of the Threefold Contemplation in One Mind. From then on, the lineage was transmitted successively through nine masters: Huiwen, Nanyue, Tiantai, Guanding, Zhiwei, Huiwei, Xuanlang, Zhanran, and Daosui. The school was transmitted to Japan during the reign of Emperor Kanmu, the 50th sovereign, in the 23rd year of the Enryaku era (804 CE). At the age of 38, the monk Saichō was granted imperial permission to travel to Tang China, where he studied the profound teachings of Tiantai under Master Daosui and Master Xingman. He returned to Japan the following year. Such is the origin of the eight schools.