---
title: "重治毗尼事義集要 · 禮敬法"
description: "明末高僧智旭辑繹的重治毗尼事義集要是汉传佛教律学重要典籍。该书成于明末佛教戒律松弛之时，智旭为匡正法统、复兴戒律而编撰。内容系统整理并重治毗尼藏要义，详解比丘戒相与持犯准则，融通大小乘律学精要。作为律宗复兴的关键文献，其严谨的科判与精辟阐释对后世律学研究影响深远，被誉为明清以来最具权威的律学纲要之一，至今仍是研习戒律的重要依据。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwo8rc10t5qjs04qfox3wfi"
---

○禮敬法

律攝云。有四種應禮。一是如來。一切人天並應致敬故。二出家者不禮俗人。是彼所敬故。三應禮敬先受近圓者。惟除尼眾。彼敬亦爾。四未近圓者應禮近圓。有十種不應禮。行別住等四人。授學人。三種被捨置人。諸在家人。及未近圓。禮敬之儀。有其二別。一謂五輪著地。二謂執捉腨足。口云畔睇乃西域致敬之辭。未見翻譯。恐即是槃那寐。或云槃談。譌云和南。皆翻我禮。若知他身有穢觸。而為禮敬。或自身有穢觸。而禮他者。俱得惡作。有二種穢觸。一食竟未澡漱。二便利未洗淨。闇中禮拜。不應至地。口云畔睇。即是致敬。

> The \*Vinaya-samukta\* says: There are four kinds of people who should be paid homage. First, the Tathāgata—all humans and gods should pay respect to him. Second, a renunciant should not bow to a layperson, for the layperson is one who is respected by the renunciant. Third, one should pay respect to those who have received full ordination before oneself—except for nuns, for they receive homage in the same manner. Fourth, one who has not yet received full ordination should pay respect to one who has. There are ten kinds of people to whom homage should not be paid: those undergoing the \*parivāsa\* penance (four types), those in training, the three kinds of people who have been set aside or rejected, all laypeople, and those who have not yet received full ordination. The manner of paying homage has two forms. First, prostrating with the five limbs touching the ground. Second, grasping the ankles or feet with the hands and saying "Pan-di"<note>This is the Western Regions' expression of reverence. Its translation has not been found; it might be "Pan-na-mei" or "Pan-tan," and the corrupted form is "Ho-nan," all of which mean "I bow."</note>. If one knows that the other person's body has impure contact, yet still pays homage—or if one's own body has impure contact, yet one pays homage to another—both are offenses of wrong-doing (\*duṣkṛta\*). There are two kinds of impure contact: first, having eaten without rinsing the mouth; second, having used the toilet without washing clean. When paying homage in the dark, one should not let the body touch the ground; saying "Pan-di" aloud is itself the gesture of reverence.

第四分云。比丘有十種威儀時。不應禮。大行時。小行時。若躶身。若鬀髮若說法。若嚼楊枝。若洗口。若飲。若食。若噉果。

根本雜事云。不應著一衣禮他。亦不得一衣受禮。

> The Fundamental Miscellaneous Matters says: One should not bow to others while wearing only a single garment, nor should one receive bows while wearing only a single garment.