---
title: "辯偽錄 · 1"
description: "辯偽錄由元代沙門祥邁奉忽必烈之命撰寫於十三世紀。該書誕生於佛道論爭的歷史背景下，系統駁斥了道教偽經《老子化胡經》等對佛教的曲解，以護教辯論為核心內容。它詳盡列舉道教剽竊佛教教義、偽造經典的證據，並運用大量考據與教理分析。此著是元代佛道辯論的權威文獻，不僅鞏固了佛教在元朝的地位，更成為研究佛道關係與中國宗教思想史的重要典籍，在漢傳佛教史上具有極高的護法價值與歷史意義。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwp7f281olajs04tl47w69j"
---

### 欽奉聖旨禁斷道藏偽經下項見者便宜燒毀

-   化胡經
-   猶龍傳
-   太上實錄
-   聖紀經
-   西昇經
-   出塞記
-   帝王師錄
-   三破論
-   十異九迷論
-   明真辯偽論
-   十小論
-   欽道明證論
-   輔正除邪論
-   辟邪歸正議
-   齕邪論
-   辯仙論
-   三光列記
-   謗道釋經
-   五公問虛無經
-   三教根源圖
-   道先生三清經
-   九天經
-   赤書經
-   上清經
-   赤書度命經
-   十三虛無經
-   藏天隱月經
-   南斗經
-   玉緯經
-   靈寶二十四生經
-   歷代應現圖
-   歷代帝王崇道記
-   青陽宮記
-   紀勝賦
-   玄元內傳
-   樓觀先生內傳
-   高上老子內傳
-   道佛先後論
-   混元皇帝實錄

長生天氣力裏大福廕護助裏皇帝聖旨道。與中書省樞密院御史臺隨路宣慰司按察司達魯花赤管民官管軍站人匠等官并眾先生。每在前蒙哥皇帝聖旨裏。戊午年和尚先生每折證佛法。先生每輸了底。上頭教十七箇先生剃頭做了。和尚更將先生每說謊做來的化胡等經并印板都燒毀了者。隨路觀院裏畫著底石碑上鑴著底八十一化圖。盡行燒毀壞了者。麼道來如今都功德使司奏。隨路先生每將合毀底經文并印板。至今藏著却不曾毀了更保定。真定太原平陽河中府王祖師菴頭關西等處。有道藏經板。這般奏的上頭教張平章張右丞焦尚書泉總統忽都于思翰林院眾學士中書省客省使都中書省宣使苦速丁淵僧錄真藏僧判眾講主長老等。張天師祁真人李真人杜真人眾先生。每一同於長春宮內分揀去來。如今張平章等眾人每迴奏。這先生家藏經。除道德經是老君真實經旨。其餘皆後人造作演說。多有詆毀釋教偷竊佛語。更有收入陰陽醫藥諸子等書。往往改易名號。傳注訛舛失其本真。偽造符呪妄言佩之。今人商賈倍利。夫妻和合有如鴛鴦。子嗣蕃息男壽女貞。誑惑萬民非止一端。意欲貪圖財利誘說妻女。至有教人非妄佩符在臂。男為君相女為后妃。入水不溺入火不焚。刀劍不能傷害等。及令張天師祁真人李真人杜真人試之於火。皆求哀請命。自稱偽妄。不敢試驗。今議得除老子道德經外。隨路但有道藏說謊經文并印板。盡宜焚去。又據祁真人李真人杜真人等奏。告據道藏經內。除老子道德經外。俱係後人揑合不實文字情願。盡行燒毀了。俺也乾淨准奏。今後先生每依著老子道德經裏行者。如有愛佛經底做和尚去者。若不為僧道娶妻為民者。除道德經外。說謊做來底道藏經文并印板。盡行燒毀了者。今差諸路釋教泉總統中書省客省使都魯前去。聖旨到日不以是何官吏。先生道姑秀才軍民人匠鷹房打捕諸色人等。應有收藏道家一切經文本處。達魯花赤管民。官添氣力用心拘刷。見數分付與差去官眼同焚毀。更觀院裏畫著底石碑上鑴著底八十一化圖。盡行除毀了者。自宣諭已後如有隨處隱匿道家。一切說謊揑合毀謗釋教偷竊佛言窺圖財利誘說妻女。如此誑惑百姓符呪文字。及道家大小諸般經文。若所在官司不添氣力拘刷。與隱藏之人一體要罪過者外。民間諸子醫藥等文書自有板本。不在禁限。准此。

> By the power of Eternal Heaven, under the blessings of great fortune, the Emperor issues this decree: To the Central Secretariat, the Bureau of Military Affairs, the Censorate, the Pacification Commissions, the Surveillance Commissions, the Darughachi officials, civil administrators, military officers, station keepers, artisans, and all the Taoist masters: Previously, under the decree of Emperor Möngke, in the year 1258, Buddhist monks and Taoist masters held a debate over their respective teachings. The Taoist masters lost, and as a result, seventeen of them were required to shave their heads and become monks. Moreover, the scriptures fabricated by the Taoists, such as the "Conversion of the Barbarians" sutras, along with their woodblocks, were all to be burned. The carvings and stone tablets depicting the eighty-one illustrations of Laozi's supposed transformations, found in the Taoist temples throughout the land, were also to be completely destroyed. However, we have now received a report from the Imperial Commission of Merit and Virtue, stating that the Taoist masters across the various regions have, to this day, been concealing the scriptures and printing blocks that were to be destroyed, without having done so. Moreover, in places such as Baoding, Zhending, Taiyuan, Pingyang, Hezhong Prefecture, the ancestral shrine of Patriarch Wang, and the region west of the Pass, there are still printing blocks for the Taoist Canon. In response to this report, we have sent the following officials: Minister Zhang Pingzhang, Vice Minister Zhang Youcheng, Minister Jiao Shangshu, the General Supervisor Quan, Commander Hudu Yusi, and the scholars of the Hanlin Academy, along with the Receptionist of the Central Secretariat, the Envoy of the Central Secretariat Kusuding, the Buddhist Registrar Yuan, the Assistant Registrar Zhen, and various Buddhist elders and abbots. They were joined by the Taoist masters: Heavenly Master Zhang, Patriarch Zhen, Patriarch Li, Patriarch Du, and many others. Together, they were ordered to go to the Changchun Temple to examine and sort the scriptures. Now, Zhang Pingzhang and the others have returned and reported as follows: Among the scriptures stored by the Taoists, only the \*Dao De Jing\* truly represents the teachings of Laozi. All the rest are later fabrications and elaborations. Many of them slander Buddhism, steal phrases from Buddhist scriptures, and incorporate texts on divination, medicine, and the various philosophical schools. They often alter titles and attribute texts incorrectly, distorting their true meaning. They have forged talismans and incantations, falsely claiming that wearing them will bring great profit to merchants, harmony between husband and wife like mandarin ducks, numerous offspring, long life for men and chastity for women, and a host of other deceptions to mislead the common people. These falsehoods are used to covet wealth and to seduce wives and daughters. They even go so far as to teach that wearing such talismans on the arm can make a man a prime minister or a woman an empress, enable one to walk on water without drowning, to enter fire without being burned, and to be unharmed by swords and blades. We then ordered Heavenly Master Zhang, Patriarch Zhen, Patriarch Li, and Patriarch Du to test these talismans in fire. They all begged for mercy, admitted that these claims were false and deceptive, and dared not undergo the test. After deliberation, it is now decided that, except for the \*Dao De Jing\*, all fabricated scriptures of the Taoist Canon and their printing blocks, wherever they may be found, are to be burned. Furthermore, Patriarch Zhen, Patriarch Li, and Patriarch Du have themselves petitioned, stating that, apart from the \*Dao De Jing\*, all the texts in the Taoist Canon are indeed later forgeries containing falsehoods, and they willingly agree to have them all burned. This gives us peace of mind, and we approve their request. From now on, Taoist masters are to follow the teachings of the \*Dao De Jing\*. Should any of them embrace the Buddhist scriptures, they are welcome to become monks. If they choose neither to be monks nor Taoists, they may marry and return to lay life. As for all the fabricated scriptures of the Taoist Canon and their printing blocks, except for the \*Dao De Jing\*, they are all to be burned. We now send the General Supervisor of Buddhism in all regions, Quan, and the Receptionist of the Central Secretariat, Dulu, to carry out this order. Upon the arrival of this decree, regardless of their position—officials, Taoist masters, Taoist nuns, scholars, soldiers, civilians, artisans, falconers, hunters, or persons of any other trade—anyone found to be in possession of any Taoist scriptures must surrender them. The Darughachi and civil administrators must make every effort to collect them thoroughly. The scriptures are to be inventoried and, in the presence of the dispatched officials, burned on the spot. Furthermore, the carvings and stone tablets depicting the eighty-one illustrations of Laozi's transformations, found in the Taoist temples, are all to be destroyed. After this proclamation, should anyone anywhere continue to hide Taoist texts—whether they be fabricated scriptures slandering Buddhism, stolen Buddhist phrases, tools for coveting wealth and seducing wives and daughters, talismanic writings meant to deceive the masses, or any other scriptures of the Taoist school, great or small—and if the local authorities fail to diligently collect them, those authorities shall be held accountable for the same crime as the concealers. However, civilian texts on the various philosophical schools, medicine, and such subjects that have their own printed editions are not included in this prohibition and may remain. This is so decreed.

至元十八年十月二十日

> The twentieth day of the tenth month in the eighteenth year of the Zhiyuan era.

長生天氣力裏皇帝聖旨。宣撫司每根底城子裏村子裏達魯花赤根底官人每根底張真人為頭兒。先生每根底宣諭的聖旨馬兒年和尚先生每持論經文。問倒先生每的上頭十七箇先生每根底教做了。和尚也已前屬和尚每底。先生每占了的四百八十二處寺院內二百三十七處寺院。并田地水土產業和尚根底回與也麼。道張真人為頭兒。先生每退狀文字與了來。又先生每說謊做來的化胡經等文字印板教燒了者。石碑上有底不揀甚麼。上頭寫著底文字有。呵盡都毀壞了者。麼道來。又已前先生每三教裏釋迦牟尼佛的聖像。當中間裏塑著有老君孔夫子的相貌。左右兩邊塑著有來。如今先生每把已前體例。撇了釋迦牟尼佛的。聖像下頭塑者存麼道。這般說有依著已前三教體例裏做者。釋迦牟尼佛的聖像下頭塑有。呵改正了者。麼道斷了來。如今少林長老為頭兒。和尚每奏告教回與來的寺院內。一半不曾回與了的。却再爭有。又說謊做來的化胡經等文字印板。一半不曾燒了有。三教也不依著已前體例裏做有。麼道這言語是實那是虛。真箇這的每言語一般呵一般斷了者別了呵怎生行的依著。已前斷了的內不曾回與來的寺院。有呵但屬寺家的田地水土產業回與了者。說謊做來的化胡經文書印板。不曾毀壞了的有。呵毀壞了者。三教也依著已前體例裏做者。俺每的這聖旨這宣諭了。呵已前斷了的言語別了。呵寺院的田地不回與。呵爭底人有呵斷按打奚罪過者。又這和尚每有聖旨麼道。已前斷了的已外。不屬自己的寺院田地水土爭。呵不怕罪過。那甚麼聖旨俺每底鷄兒。年六月二十八日開平府有的。時分寫來。

> In the might of Eternal Heaven, the Emperor's decree. To the Pacification Commissions, to the Darughachis in cities and villages, to the officials—an edict of proclamation to the Taoists led by Zhang the Perfect Man. In the Year of the Horse, monks and Taoists held scriptural debates. Because the Taoists were bested in argument, seventeen of them were made to become monks. Previously, of the properties belonging to monks, the Taoists had occupied four hundred and eighty-two temples. Among these, two hundred and thirty-seven temples, along with their fields, waters, and assets, were ordered to be returned to the monks. It was said: "Let Zhang the Perfect Man lead the Taoists in submitting letters of relinquishment." Furthermore, the printing blocks of the forged "Scripture of Converting the Barbarians" and similar texts made up by the Taoists were ordered to be burned. Whatever inscriptions existed on steles—anything written thereon—were all to be destroyed, as decreed. Moreover, in the past, the Taoists had placed a statue of Shakyamuni Buddha in the center of the Three Teachings, with statues of Laozi and Confucius flanking him on left and right. Now the Taoists, abandoning the old custom, were placing the statue of Shakyamuni Buddha beneath. It was said: "This is being done." The decree ruled: "Follow the old arrangement of the Three Teachings. If the statue of Shakyamuni Buddha is placed below, let it be corrected." Now the Abbot of Shaolin leads the monks in petitioning: "Of the temples ordered to be returned, half have not been given back, and there is renewed dispute. Also, half of the printing blocks of the forged texts like the 'Scripture of Converting the Barbarians' have not been burned. The Three Teachings are not being handled according to the old custom." Is this speech true or false? If these words are indeed as stated, then let the previous rulings be enforced accordingly. If any temples have not been returned as previously decreed, let the temple lands, waters, and assets be restored. If any printing blocks of the forged texts have not been destroyed, let them be burned. The Three Teachings shall follow the old arrangement. When this edict of ours is proclaimed, if anyone contravenes the previous rulings—refusing to return temple lands or stirring disputes—they shall be punished with the penalty of "Duan'an Daxi" (severe crime). Furthermore, if these monks, claiming to hold our edict, contest for temples, lands, or waters that do not belong to them beyond what was previously decreed, they shall not escape guilt. What edict is this of ours? Written on the twenty-eighth day of the sixth month in the Year of the Rooster, at the time of being in Kaiping Prefecture.

長生天底氣力裏蒙哥皇帝。福廕裏薛禪皇帝。潛龍時令旨道。與漢兒州城達魯花赤管民官僧官僧眾道官道眾人等。據少林長老告稱蒙哥皇帝聖旨裏委付布只兒為頭斷事官斷定隨路合退先生住寺院地面三十七處却有李真人差人詐傳蒙哥皇帝聖旨一面奪要了來。這言語問得承伏了。是李真人差人詐傳的上頭如今只依先前的聖旨委付布只兒為頭斷事官元斷定三十七處地面。教分付與少林長老去也。准此。

> In the strength of the Eternal Heaven, under the blessing of Emperor Möngke, and by the decree of Emperor Setsen during his time as a hidden dragon, it is commanded to the governors of the Han cities, the officials in charge of the people, the monastic officials, and the monks, as well as the Daoist officials and followers: According to the report from the Elder of Shaolin, under the imperial decree of Emperor Möngke, the judge Bujir was appointed as the head of the court to determine the cases, and it was decided that thirty-seven locations of land and temples that had been taken by the Daoists should be returned. However, a man sent by Li Zhenren falsely claimed to have an imperial decree from Emperor Möngke and seized these places instead. When questioned, this was admitted—it was indeed a false claim made by Li Zhenren's envoy. Now, therefore, in accordance with the previous imperial decree, we again commission Bujir as the head judge to handle the matter, and the thirty-seven locations that were originally determined are to be returned and handed over to the Elder of Shaolin. This is hereby decreed accordingly.

至元戊午年七月十一日開平府行

## 辯偽錄卷第二