障品第二
Chapter 2: Obstructions
遍及一方重, 平等及取捨,
今說二種障。
One type is heavy and pervasive, The other involves equality, grasping, and letting go. Now I will explain these two kinds of hindrances.
此中遍障者,煩惱障及一切智障,為菩薩種性諸人,二障圓滿故。一方障者,煩惱障,為聲聞性等諸人。重障者,是前諸人欲等諸行中隨一麁煩惱。平等障者,平等諸行中隨行中隨一生死。取捨障者,菩薩性諸人,為障無住處涅槃故。如理相應二種人障已說,一菩薩性人、二聲聞等性人。復有煩惱相九種。
Among these, the comprehensive obstacles are the afflictive obstacles and the obstacles to omniscience. For those of the bodhisattva lineage, these two obstacles are fully present. The one-sided obstacles are the afflictive obstacles, which apply to those of the śrāvaka lineage, among others. The heavy obstacles refer to any one coarse affliction among the various actions, such as desire, for the aforementioned individuals. The equal obstacles arise from samsara, which accompanies whichever of the corresponding actions is taken. The obstacles of discrimination are for those of the bodhisattva lineage, acting as an obstacle to the non-abiding nirvāṇa. The obstacles of the two types of individuals who are in accord with the principle have already been explained: one is the person of the bodhisattva lineage, and the other is the person of the śrāvaka lineage, among others. Furthermore, there are nine aspects of afflictive characteristics.
九結名惑障。
The nine fetters are the entanglements that delude and obstruct us.
九種諸惑結,此中說煩惱障。此諸煩惱障為障誰?
The nine types of binding afflictions are what we call the obstacles of mental defilements. What do these afflictions obstruct?
厭離及除捨, 實見,
Turning away from, letting go, and truly seeing.
愛欲結者,障厭離心。心堅礙障者,障除捨心。因此惑違逆,礙境界中不能生捨除心。諸餘結者覆障真實見。云何起障?是諸煩惱次第。
及身見。
身見所依法, 滅道三寶障,
利養恭敬等, 輕財知止足。
And the view of self.
When attachment to the body arises, It becomes an obstacle to the path, the truth, and the Three Jewels, And leads to seeking profit and respect. One should value simplicity, know contentment, and let go.
是諸餘煩惱,是此五處障。我慢障者,欲滅離身見時障,對正觀智有異品無異品,無異品我慢數行故,此身見不得滅。無明結者,欲遠離身見依處時為真實見障,因此不得遠離取陰故。見結者,欲通達滅諦時為作障,身見及邊見於滅諦生怖畏故,邪見於滅諦起誹謗故。取結者,是通達道諦時為作障,依別道理思擇求得清淨故。疑結者,欲通達三寶時為作障,不信受三寶功德故。嫉妬結者,欲遠離利養恭敬時為作障,不見此過失故。慳悋結者,欲行輕財知足時為作障,令貪著財物等故。
善法障復十,復有別障十種善法等處應知。何者為十處?
不行非處所, 所行不如理,
不生不思量, 資糧不具足,
性友不相稱, 心疲故厭離,
修行不相稱, 惡怨人共住,
麁惑三隨一, 般若不成就,
自性重煩惱, 懈怠與放逸,
著有及欲塵, 下劣心亦爾,
不信無願樂, 如言思量義,
不敬法重利, 於眾生無悲,
聞災及少聞, 三昧資糧減。
如是諸障,何者為善法?
善菩提攝取, 有智無迷障,
迴向不怖嫉, 自在善等十。
如是善等諸法中,何者被障、何者為障應知?答:
此十各三障, 十事中應知。
善法有三障,一者不修行、二非處修行、三修行不如理。
菩提有三種障,一者不生善、二不生正思量、三資糧不圓滿。
攝取菩提者,發菩提心是名攝取菩提。此心有三種,一與性不相應行、二朋友不相應、三心疲極厭離。有智者,是菩薩體性,為知此法有三障:一修行不相稱、二惡友人共住、三與惡怨人共住。此中惡人者,愚癡凡人。惡怨人者,礙菩薩功德,觀菩薩過失。無迷者,心不散亂,有三障:一顛倒麁失、二煩惱等、三障中隨一有,餘三令成熟解脫般若未熟未滿。無障者,滅離諸障,是名無障。此有三障,一自性麁惑、二懈怠、三放逸。菩提迴向有三障,令心迴向餘處,不得一向迴向無上菩提:一貪著諸有、二貪著有資糧法、三下劣品心。無怖畏有三障,一於人不生信重心、二於正法中不生願欲、三如名字言語思量諸義。樂嫉妬者有三障,一不尊重正法、二尊重利養恭敬、三於眾生中不起大悲心。不自在者有三障,因此三不得自在:一無聞慧,無聞者生起業惑,正法災故;二聞慧少弱;三者三昧事不成熟。還復是此障善等諸法中十種隨一分作因,依此義故,應知障中何者為十因。第一生因,譬如眼入為眼識作生因。二住因,譬如四種食為一切眾生。三持因,如所持能攝持,譬器世界為眾生生世界。四明了因,如光明為色。五變異因,如火等為成熟等諸事。六相離因,如鎌等為刈等。七迴轉因,如金銀師為迴轉諸金銀令成鐶釧。八必比因,譬如烟為火等必比知。九令信因,譬如立證因分為所立義。十至得因,如道等為涅槃等諸果作因。如是生障善處應知,此應令生故。住障者,菩提處,此不應壞動故。持障者,菩提攝取處,菩提心能持故。明了障者,有智處,此應顯了故。變異障者,無迷處,迷轉滅故有變異。相離障者,無障處,此障相離為體故。迴轉障者,迴向處,菩提心迴向為體相故。必比障者,無怖畏處,為不信故怖畏。令信障者,無嫉妬處,於法不嫉妬,令人信故。至得障者,自在處,無所繫屬,至得為體相故。
助道十度地, 復有餘別障。
助道品法處者:
處不明懈怠, 三昧少二種,
不種及羸弱, 諸見麁惡過。
念處者,依處不明了為障。四正勤處,懈怠。四如意足處,禪定少。二種為不圓滿。欲精進心思量四種,隨一不具足,為修習不具足成,資糧八法隨一不具故。五根處,不下解脫分,善法種子故。力處,是五根羸弱,與非助道相雜起故。覺分處,諸見過失,見道所顯故。道分處,麁惡過失,此修道所顯現故。波羅蜜障者:
富貴及善道, 不捨眾生障,
增減功德失, 令諸眾生入,
解脫無盡量, 令善無有間,
所作常決定, 同用令他熟。
此十種波羅蜜能生此法,此法是波羅蜜果。為障波羅蜜果故,是故顯說障波羅蜜。檀波羅蜜者何法為障?自在增上障。尸羅波羅蜜者障善道為障。羼提波羅蜜障不捨離眾生。毘梨耶波羅蜜障增益功德損減過失。禪波羅蜜者障受化眾生令入正位(四十心正位)。般若波羅蜜者障令他解脫。漚惒拘舍羅波羅蜜障檀等波羅蜜無盡無減,為迴向菩提故諸波羅蜜無盡無減。波抳陀那波羅蜜者障一切生處善法中無間生起,依願力故能攝持隨從善法生處。波羅波羅蜜者障善法決定事,思擇修習力弱故、不能折伏非助道故。闍那波羅蜜者障自身及他同用法樂及成熟兩處,不如聞言通達義故。於十種地中復有次第障。
遍滿最勝義, 勝流第一義,
無所繫屬義, 身無差別義,
無染清淨義, 法門無異義,
不減不增義, 四自在依義,
此法界無明, 此染是十障,
非十地扶助, 諸地是對治。
法界中十種義,遍一切處等無染濁無明。此無明,十種菩薩地中次第應知是障,非地助道故。法界中何者為十種義?一者遍滿義,依菩薩初地,法界義遍滿一切處,菩薩入觀得通達。因此通達,得見自他平等一分。二者最勝義,依第二地觀此法已,作是思惟:若依他共平等出離,一切種治淨出離應化勤行。三者勝流義,因三地法界傳流知所聞正法第一,為得此法,廣量三千大千世界火坑能自擲其中。四無所繫屬義,因此四地、因此觀法愛一向不生。五身無差別義,因第五地,十種心樂清淨平等。六無染清淨義,因第六地,十二生因處無有一法可染可淨,如此通達故。七法門無異義,因第七地無相故、修多羅等法別異相不行不顯故。八不減不增義,因八地得滿足無生法忍故,若不淨淨品中不見一法有減有增故。
此中復有四種自在。何者為四?一無分別自在、二淨土自在、三智自在、四業自在。此中法界是第一第二自在依處。八地中通達智自在依義,因九地得四無礙辯故。業自在依義,因十地如意欲變化作眾生利益事。復有略說。
已說煩惱障, 及一切智障,
是攝一切障, 盡彼得解脫。
此二種障滅盡無餘故,得出離解脫一切障。障總義者,一大障是遍滿故、二小障者一方障故、三修行障者重惑、四至得障平等煩惱、五至得勝負障取捨障、六正行障者是九種煩惱結、七因障善等處由十種因義故、八入真實障者是助道障、九無上善障者十波羅蜜障、十勝負捨離障。十地障攝集障略說有二種:一解脫障、二一切智障。中邊分別論障品第二竟。