---
title: "阿彌陀經疏鈔擷 · 佛土依正分第二"
description: "明末高僧莲池大师袾宏所著《阿弥陀经疏钞》体系宏大义理精深。清代居士徐槐廷撷取疏钞核心要义编撰成《阿弥陀经疏钞擷》一书。该书提炼原疏钞中关于净土法门的精要阐释包括经文科判义理疏解及修行要旨等。其内容深入浅出助力学人理解净土经典信愿持名之宗旨。作为净土宗重要注疏擷本该书在佛教界享有崇高地位是研究弥陀经典及实修净土法门的重要依据。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwu03zc2h67ie04mng3drtp"
---

### 佛土依正分第二

> Pure Land and Its Inhabitants: Chapter 2

此總示依正二報，為全經提綱也。

> This passage presents an overview of the two types of karmic retribution—the direct and circumstantial—serving as a guiding outline for the entire scripture.

○土是所依，名依報。佛是能依，名正報。初、標土顯依。二、標主顯正。

> The land is the support, called the dependent reward. The Buddha is the one who relies on it, called the proper reward. First, the land is designated to show the support. Second, the master is designated to show the proper reward.

爾時，佛告長老舍利弗：

> At that time, the Buddha addressed the Elder Shariputra:

佛告者，佛自說也。法華則白毫放光，啟一乘之教；維摩則毗耶示疾，開不二之談；圓覺、金剛以及諸經，多因有問在先，然後佛為宣演。今經不然，良以末世眾生根鈍障深，甚難解脫，佛以大悲出此一門，橫截生死，急救眾生，唯恐不及，故不待請而自宣說也。獨告舍利弗者，智慧第一故也。

> The Buddha speaks this teaching himself. In the Lotus Sutra, light shines from the white curl between his brows, initiating the teaching of the One Vehicle. In the Vimalakirti Sutra, he manifests illness in Vaisali, opening the discourse on non-duality. In sutras such as the Perfect Enlightenment and the Diamond Sutra, the Buddha often expounds after being questioned first. This sutra is different. In the Dharma-ending age, beings have dull faculties and heavy obstructions, making liberation extremely difficult. With great compassion, the Buddha reveals this single gate to cut straight across the cycle of birth and death, urgently rescuing beings, fearing they might not be saved in time. Therefore, he proclaims it without waiting for a request. He addresses Shariputra alone because he is foremost in wisdom.

從是西方過萬十億佛土，有世界名曰極樂。

此標土顯依也。是者，指此界而言。娑婆、極樂均在華藏中第十三重。二土相望過者，從此向西橫亘而過也。一大千界名一佛土，從娑婆世界過佛土至十萬億，遠之遠也。然觀經云彌陀佛國去此不遠，葢淨業已成，臨終在定之心即淨土受生之心，一念即得往生，不須愁遠也。極樂，一云安樂，亦云安養。極樂有四：一、常寂光土，經云毗盧遮那徧一切處，其佛住處名常寂光，是極果人所居；二、實報莊嚴土，行真實法，感殊勝報，七寶莊嚴，是法身大士所居；三、方便有餘土，斷四住惑屬方便道，無明未盡名曰有餘，是三乘聖人所居；四、凡聖同居土，是四聖、六凡所共居。今既曰菩薩、聲聞、諸天大眾，是同居土也。

其土有佛，號阿彌陀。

此標主顯正也。其字承上，土必有主，指能依之主曰佛，出本佛之號曰阿彌陀。悲華經云：往昔劫中，有轉輪王，名無諍念，發願云：我脩大乘，取於淨土，終不願於穢土成阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。世界眾生，無諸苦惱，我不得如是佛剎，不成正覺。今既果滿，號阿彌陀，故現淨土。又大本云：法藏比邱，於世自在王佛所，發無上意，廣說四十八願。若不爾者，誓不成佛。是時大地震動，天雨妙華，空中同聲讚言：決定成佛。

今現在說法。

佛皆度生。指度生之軌曰說法。大雲經云：爾時世尊熈怡微笑，從其面門出無量光，言西方世界有國名安樂，佛號無量壽，現在說法。則正當釋迦說法時，彌陀亦在彼說法，故云現在說法。