---
title: "佛說立世阿毘曇論 · 22 壽量品"
description: "佛說立世阿毘曇論由真諦三藏於南朝陳代譯出，屬阿毘曇類論典。該論以佛教宇宙觀為核心，系統闡述世間與出世間的結構、眾生業力與輪迴關係，並詳釋世界成住壞空過程。其內容融合說一切有部思想，兼具經律論三藏特質，為研究早期佛教宇宙論與哲學體系的重要文獻。該論不僅助益修行者理解因果法則，亦為漢傳阿毘曇學發展奠定基礎，在佛教思想史與典籍傳承中具有承先啟後的地位。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcwz7lt8020fjl04vljnl6zg"
---

### 壽量品第二十二

> Chapter 22: The Measure of Life

佛世尊說：「人中二萬歲，是阿毘止獄一日一夜，由此日夜三十日為一月，十二月為一年。由此年數，多年、多百年、多千年、多百千年，於此獄中受熟業果報。於是中生，最極長者一劫壽命。人中六千歲是閻羅獄一日一夜，由此日夜三十日為一月，十二月為一年。由此年數，多年、多百年、多千年、多百千年，於此獄中受熟業報。有畜生道眾生有一日一夜六七過死生，復有諸畜生壽命一劫。人中一月為鬼神道一日一夜，又人中一月日為神鬼中一日一夜。由此日夜三十日為一月，十二月為一年。由此年數，五百年是其壽命，是五百歲當人中十五千年。剡浮提人或十歲、或阿僧祇歲，是中間壽命漸長漸短，長極八萬歲、短極十歲。西瞿耶尼人二百五十年是其壽命，東弗婆提人壽五百歲，北欝單越定壽千年。人中五十歲是四天王一日一夜，由此日夜三十日為一月，十二月為一年。由此年數，五百天年是其壽命，當人中歲數九百萬歲。人中一百年是忉利天一日一夜，由此日夜三十日為一月，十二月為一年。由此年數，壽命千年，當人中三千六百萬歲。人中二百年是夜摩天一日一夜，由此日夜三十日為一月，十二月為一年。由此年數，壽命二千年，當人中十四千萬又四百萬年。人中四百歲是兜率陀天一日一夜，由此日夜三十日為一月，十二月為一年。由此年數，壽命四千年，當人中五千七百六十億年。人中八百年是化樂天一日一夜，由此日夜三十日為一月，十二月為一年。由此年數，壽命八千年，當人中二萬三千四十億年。人中一千六百年是他化自在天一日一夜，由是日夜三十日為一月，十二月為一年。由此年數，壽命一萬六千年，當人中九萬二千一百六十億年。由乾陀山下頂阿脩羅，壽命如四大天王。須彌山下頂阿脩羅，壽命如忉利天。

> The World-Honored One, the Buddha, said: "Twenty thousand human years equal one day and one night in the Avīci Hell. Thirty such days make one month, and twelve such months make one year. Based on this reckoning, beings there endure their karmic retribution for many years, many hundreds of years, many thousands of years, many hundreds of thousands of years. Those born there live at most for one whole kalpa. Six thousand human years equal one day and one night in the Yama Hell. Thirty such days make one month, and twelve such months make one year. Based on this reckoning, beings there undergo the results of their karmic actions for many years, many hundreds of years, many thousands of years, many hundreds of thousands of years. Among beings in the animal realm, some experience death and rebirth six or seven times within a single day and night. Other animals live for a full kalpa. One human month equals one day and one night in the realm of hungry ghosts. Thirty such days make one month, and twelve such months make one year. Based on this reckoning, their lifespan is five hundred years—which corresponds to fifteen thousand human years. People in Jambudvīpa may live either ten years or an inexpressibly long time. Between these extremes, lifespans gradually lengthen and shorten: the longest reaches eighty thousand years, and the shortest drops to ten years. People in Godānīya live for two hundred and fifty years. People in Pūrvavideha live for five hundred years. People in Uttarakuru have a fixed lifespan of one thousand years. Fifty human years equal one day and one night for the Four Heavenly Kings. Thirty such days make one month, and twelve such months make one year. Based on this reckoning, their lifespan is five hundred celestial years—equal to nine million human years. One hundred human years equal one day and one night in the Heaven of the Thirty-Three. Thirty such days make one month, and twelve such months make one year. Based on this reckoning, their lifespan is one thousand celestial years—equal to thirty-six million human years. Two hundred human years equal one day and one night in the Yāma Heaven. Thirty such days make one month, and twelve such months make one year. Based on this reckoning, their lifespan is two thousand celestial years—equal to fourteen billion, four hundred million human years. Four hundred human years equal one day and one night in the Tuṣita Heaven. Thirty such days make one month, and twelve such months make one year. Based on this reckoning, their lifespan is four thousand celestial years—equal to five hundred seventy-six billion human years. Eight hundred human years equal one day and one night in the Heaven of Enjoying Creations. Thirty such days make one month, and twelve such months make one year. Based on this reckoning, their lifespan is eight thousand celestial years—equal to two trillion, three hundred four billion human years. Sixteen hundred human years equal one day and one night in the Heaven of Controlling Others' Creations. Thirty such days make one month, and twelve such months make one year. Based on this reckoning, their lifespan is sixteen thousand celestial years—equal to nine trillion, two hundred sixteen billion human years. The asuras living at the base of Mount Gandha have lifespans equal to those of the Four Heavenly Kings. The asuras living at the base of Mount Sumeru have lifespans equal to those of the Heaven of the Thirty-Three."

「一小劫者名為一劫，二十小劫亦名一劫，四十小劫亦名一劫，六十小劫亦名一劫，八十小劫名一大劫。云何一劫名為小劫？是時提婆達多比丘，住地獄中受熟業報，佛世尊說住壽一劫，如是一小劫名劫。云何二十小劫亦名一劫？如梵先行天二十小劫是其壽量，是諸梵天，佛說住壽一劫，如是二十劫亦名一劫。云何四十小劫名為一劫？如梵眾天壽量四十小劫，佛說住壽一劫，如是四十劫亦名一劫。云何六十小劫名為一劫？如大梵天壽量六十劫，佛說住壽一劫，如是六十小劫亦名一劫。云何八十小劫名一大劫？如少光天壽量一百二十小劫，佛說壽量一大劫半，如是八十小劫名為一大劫。無量光天壽量一百四十小劫，勝遍光天住壽一百六十小劫，是為二大劫。少淨天二大劫半是其壽量，無量淨天三大劫半是其壽量，遍淨天四大劫是其壽量，無雲天三百大劫是其壽量，受福天四百大劫是其壽量，廣果天五百大劫是其壽量，無想天一千大劫是其壽量，善見天一千五百大劫是其壽量，善現天二千大劫是其壽量，不煩天四千大劫是其壽量，不燒天八千大劫是其壽量，阿迦尼吒天一萬六千大劫是其壽量。空無邊入天下品一萬七千五百大劫是其壽量，空無邊入中品一萬八千五百大劫是其壽量，空無邊入上品二萬大劫是其壽量。下品識無邊入天三萬大劫是其壽量，中品識無邊入天三萬五千大劫是其壽量，上品識無邊入天四萬大劫是其壽量。下品無所有無邊入天五萬大劫是其壽量，中品無所有無邊入天五萬五千大劫是其壽量，上品無所有無邊入天六萬大劫是其壽量。下品非想天七萬大劫是其壽量，中品非想天七萬五千大劫是其壽量，上品非想天八萬大劫是其壽量。」是義佛世尊說。如是我聞。

> What is called "one small kalpa" is one kalpa. Twenty small kalpas are also called one kalpa. Forty small kalpas are also called one kalpa. Sixty small kalpas are also called one kalpa. Eighty small kalpas are called one great kalpa. Why is one kalpa called a small kalpa? At that time, the monk Devadatta remained in hell experiencing the results of his past actions, and the Buddha declared his lifespan would last one kalpa. Such is one small kalpa, called a kalpa. Why are twenty small kalpas also called one kalpa? The gods of the Heaven of Brahma's Retinue have a lifespan of twenty small kalpas, and the Buddha declared their lifespan lasts one kalpa. Thus twenty kalpas are also called one kalpa. Why are forty small kalpas called one kalpa? The gods of the Heaven of the Ministers of Brahma have a lifespan of forty small kalpas, and the Buddha declared their lifespan lasts one kalpa. Thus forty kalpas are also called one kalpa. Why are sixty small kalpas called one kalpa? The god Mahabrahma has a lifespan of sixty kalpas, and the Buddha declared his lifespan lasts one kalpa. Thus sixty small kalpas are also called one kalpa. Why are eighty small kalpas called one great kalpa? The gods of the Heaven of Limited Light have a lifespan of one hundred twenty small kalpas, and the Buddha declared their lifespan lasts one and a half great kalpas. Thus eighty small kalpas are called one great kalpa. The gods of the Heaven of Immeasurable Light have a lifespan of one hundred forty small kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Radiant Splendor have a lifespan of one hundred sixty small kalpas, which is two great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Limited Purity have a lifespan of two and a half great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Immeasurable Purity have a lifespan of three and a half great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Complete Purity have a lifespan of four great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Cloudless have a lifespan of three hundred great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Blessed Life have a lifespan of four hundred great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Abundant Fruit have a lifespan of five hundred great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of No Thought have a lifespan of one thousand great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Beautiful Vision have a lifespan of one thousand five hundred great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Excellent Presence have a lifespan of two thousand great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of No Affliction have a lifespan of four thousand great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of No Heat have a lifespan of eight thousand great kalpas. The gods of the Heaven of Akanishta have a lifespan of sixteen thousand great kalpas. For the lower level of the Heaven of the Infinity of Space, the lifespan is seventeen thousand five hundred great kalpas. For the middle level, it is eighteen thousand five hundred great kalpas. For the upper level, it is twenty thousand great kalpas. For the lower level of the Heaven of the Infinity of Consciousness, the lifespan is thirty thousand great kalpas. For the middle level, it is thirty-five thousand great kalpas. For the upper level, it is forty thousand great kalpas. For the lower level of the Heaven of Nothing Whatsoever, the lifespan is fifty thousand great kalpas. For the middle level, it is fifty-five thousand great kalpas. For the upper level, it is sixty thousand great kalpas. For the lower level of the Heaven of Neither Perception nor Non-Perception, the lifespan is seventy thousand great kalpas. For the middle level, it is seventy-five thousand great kalpas. For the upper level, it is eighty thousand great kalpas. This is the teaching spoken by the World-Honored One. Thus have I heard.

## 立世阿毘曇論卷第七

> "Abhidharma Treatise on the Establishment of the World, Volume 7"