大乘莊嚴經論二利品第六
Chapter 6: Benefits for Self and Others
釋曰:已說發心,次說依此發心隨順修行自他利行。偈曰:
Explanation: Having spoken of generating the mind of awakening, we now explain the practice that follows this awakening—the cultivation of beneficial actions for oneself and others. The verse says:
大依及大行, 大果次第說,
大取及大忍, 大義三事成。
The great reliance and the great practice, The great result is explained in order; The great grasping and the great patience, The great meaning is fulfilled by these three things.
釋曰:大依者,依止大菩提而發心故。大行者,為利自他而發行故。大果者,令得無上菩提故。如其次第。大取者,發心時攝一切眾生故。大忍者,發行時忍一切大苦故。大義者,得果時廣利一切眾生業成就故。已說次第,次說自他無差別。偈曰:
Explanation: "Great Foundation" means relying on great enlightenment to arouse the mind. "Great Practice" means acting for the benefit of oneself and others. "Great Result" means attaining unsurpassed enlightenment. This is in order. "Great Embracing" means including all beings when arousing the mind. "Great Patience" means enduring all great hardships when practicing. "Great Purpose" means, upon attaining the result, broadly benefiting the endeavors of all beings. Having explained the order, next comes the non-distinction between self and other. The verse says:
他自心平等, 愛則於彼勝,
如是有勝相, 二利何差別?
釋曰:菩薩得他自心平等,或由信得,謂世俗發心時;或由智得,謂第一義發心時。菩薩雖有此心,然愛他身則勝自身。於他既有如此勝想,則不復分別何者為自利、何者為他利,俱無別故。已說無差別,次說他利勝。偈曰:
於世無怨業, 利彼恒自苦,
悲性自然起, 是故利他勝。
釋曰:菩薩於諸世間久絕怨業,是故恒為成就他利自身受諸勤苦,由大悲為體自然起故。由此道理則利他為勝。問:如是利他,云何隨順?偈曰:
善說令歸向, 令入亦令調,
令成亦令住, 令覺令解脫,
集德及生家, 得記并受職,
至成如來智, 以是利群生。
釋曰:三種眾生,謂住下中上性。菩薩如其所住而攝取之,以十三種隨順利益。一者善說,由隨教及記心故。二者令歸向,由神通力故。三者令入,由向已能令信受正教故。四者令調,由入已斷其疑故。五者令成,由成熟善根故。六者令住,由教授令心住故。七者令覺,由得智慧故。八者令解脫,由得神通等諸勝功德故。九者集德,由遍集福智故。十者生家,由生佛家故。十一者得記,由八地受記故。十二者受職,由十地受職故。十三者得如來智,由入佛地故。問:如此隨順,云何成立?偈曰:
不倒及不高, 無著亦通達,
能忍及調順, 遠去亦無盡,
應知此八義, 成就彼十三。
釋曰:不倒者,若人已住於性,菩薩隨機而為說法不妄授故。不高者,彼歸向時,不恃神通而自高故。無著者,彼入正法時,不染眾生故。通達者,斷彼疑網故。能忍者,善成熟彼故。調順者,隨順教授,非不調教授故。遠去者,隨順生家等,非不遠去,令他能作故。無盡者,菩薩利益眾生,一切時願無盡故。是名成就應知。問:此隨順云何勝差別?偈曰:
習欲大可畏, 有愛動而倒,
樂滅斷煩惱, 大悲求佛法。
釋曰:習欲者,謂欲界人。大可畏者,身心苦多及向惡趣故。有愛者,謂色無色界人。動而倒者,彼樂無常故動、行苦故倒。樂滅者,謂自利人。斷煩惱者,由煩惱所持則苦不斷,為離苦故自斷煩惱而求寂滅。大悲者,謂利他人。求佛法者,此人常求一切佛法,擬利一切眾生故。偈曰:
世間求自樂, 不樂恒極苦;
菩薩勤樂他, 二利成上樂。
釋曰:世間愚癡常求自樂而不得樂,反得極苦。菩薩不爾,常勤樂他而二利成就,更得第一大涅槃樂。此是菩薩勝隨順差別。已說利他隨順,次以此行迴向眾生。偈曰:
異根於異處, 異作有異行,
凡是諸所作, 迴以利眾生。
釋曰:菩薩迴向,隨眼等諸根行、種種處、作種種威儀業行利益眾生。凡是諸行,若事相應及以相似,彼皆迴向一切眾生。如《行清淨經》中廣說。已說迴向心,次遮不忍心。偈曰:
眾生不自在, 常作諸惡業,
忍彼增悲故, 無惱亦無違。
釋曰:眾生為煩惱所惱心不自在,是故作諸惡業。菩薩智慧於彼常起大忍、增長大悲,是故於彼不起惱心,亦不欲作不隨順事。已遮不忍心,次顯隨順大。偈曰:
勝出與寂靜, 功德及利物,
次第依四義, 說大有四種。
釋曰:諸菩薩有四種隨順大。一者勝出大,於三有五趣中而勝出故。如《般若波羅蜜經》說:須菩提!若色有法非無法者,是摩訶衍不能勝出一切世間天人阿修羅故。二者寂靜大,隨向無住處涅槃故。三者功德大,福智二聚增長故。四者利物大,常依大悲不捨眾生故。二利品究竟。