---
title: "新修科分六學僧傳 · 周僧明"
description: "新修科分六學僧傳由元代僧人曇噩編撰。該書成於元代是佛教史傳的重要文獻。全書以六學即六度波羅蜜為綱領分佈列傳收錄歷代高僧事蹟。內容涵蓋譯經義解習禪明律護法感通等類別系統梳理了僧人的修行與貢獻。此傳在佛教史上地位顯著它延續了高僧傳的傳統並以獨特科判展現大乘菩薩道的修行次第對研究元代佛教及僧傳體例發展具有重要價值。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcxld35c026dl804am2xn5wr"
---

### 周僧明

> Zhou Sengming

姓姜氏。鄜之內部人。性質朴。有操守。然於竺墳魯誥。無所治習。而人知嚮慕。抵坊州。一日偶見光發西南山谷間。從得石趺一於㵎底。且遠望其旁。有臥石如像者。土掩其半。就掘之則固像也。雖相好完美。而色正黑。自踵至頂。高餘三丈。明即率眾扶舉。莫能勝。時武帝已崩。天元嗣曆。明因秉爐祝曰。若佛法重興。蒼生有賴。希現威靈。得遂其願。俄像起行。徑趨石趺。卓然而立。見者駭歎。有司以其事聞。上大喜為復教。仍改年為大象。以紀其瑞。詔復以其地構寺。額大像。而明獲居之。

又若徐州吳寺之太子思惟像。京師崇義寺之石影像。襄陽金像寺之丈六無量壽像。荊州長沙寺像。高齊定州之觀音像。及高王經。襄陽彌天釋所鑄之金像。揚都長干寺之育王像。梁祖所事等身金銀二像。僧護石像。皆靈驗莫測。茲因略述。以曉流俗　太子思惟像者。蓋以其狀言也。昔沙門法顯於東晉時。遊歷西。域。會有微疾。心思鄉里粳稻飯。投一伽藍。主人󳯠遇殊勤至。為勑沙彌。取粳飯以進。顧沙彌。踵血猶濕。云頃往彭城吳蒼鷹家分衛。而犬嚙之。顯始寤其瞬息數萬里。豈亦常僧可能哉。後東還。訪蒼鷹於彭城。入門見血塗闔上。問之則曰。某年月日甞有僧。乞食至此。而犬嚙之爾。計其年月。不小誤。顯謂蒼鷹曰。此羅漢聖僧血。謹護之勿去也。於是蒼鷹。即其宅創寺。以懺咎。求像於揚都。方濟江。舟傾側欲覆。忽有二骨長丈許。隨流騰入舟中。遂濟無撓。及岸視之。則龍齒也。卒輸之官府。未幾。蒼鷹獲像於婆羅門僧。初蒼鷹偶憩林樹間。僧持像至云。欲施徐州吳蒼鷹供養也。蒼鷹曰。我身是也。僧忻然付之。今在相州鄴縣大慈寺　石影像者。其石崇一尺。徑六寸。紫色八觚。內外映徹。而如來菩薩。浮圖伽藍。天人山海。帳蓋牀座。三塗苦趣。變現不一。或前後相類。或每楞不同。隱顯靡恒。豈得而槩論哉。梁大清中。天竺沙門。奉以入貢。會侯景之亂。置之廬山西林寺像頂而去。隋開皇十年。煬帝以晉王鎮淮海。遣使王延壽。取之。王寶玩特甚。遇有他役。則函之以自隨。入登儲貳。藏於曲池日嚴寺。非外人所得瞻覩也。武德七年。歸崇義寺。貞觀六年。詔入內。

無量壽像者。東晉沙門道安。於寧康三年。八月八日造。明年季冬。嚴飾既就。刺史郗󳭪創蒞此蕃。而像獨步趨萬山。󳭪率眾迎還其寺。而夕復出。住寺外。梁普通三秊。詔於建興苑。鑄金銅趺。以承之。高六尺。廣一丈。劉孝儀製讚立󳬴長沙寺像者。晉太元間。現於城北。高七尺。光相奇特。人有遇其夜行者。謂非類。以刀擊之。且視則像有刀痕。梁祖命使。迎以供養訖。三日送同泰寺。後寺被火。堂塔並盡。唯像居殿中巋然　定州像者。元魏孫敬德。防州人也。居家事觀音像謹。天平中。應募定州。為劫盜所妄指。逮繫京獄。困拷掠誣伏。且即刑。敬德夜坐獄中。泣誓曰。被枉如此。當是曩宿枉他所致爾。今幸償畢。則願代受一切眾生。枉屈禍也。既而假寐。一沙門見夢曰。觀音救生經。皆諸佛名。卿能誦滿千過者。可免死厄。復教誦數過。敬德既寤。無所遺忘。竟誦不輟口。比明滿百過。頃焉牽赴市。且行且誦。僅千過。而刑者三折其刀。至三易刀。膚體無小損。丞相歡聞而異之。遽奏免其罪。詔傳其經於世。敬德既歸防。徐視其像。則項上三刀痕故在也。敬德大感慟　襄陽金像者。晉太元十九年。歲次甲午比丘道安。於襄陽西郭。造丈八金像。此像更三周甲子。越百八十年。而後滅。此記書之像腋下。倒垂衣褶中。周武建德三年。甲午之歲。開府長孫哲。鎮荊州。太原王乘副之。哲性凶暴。甫視事。先令毀像。眾進諫則愈益怒。胥卒奔走從命。謾以繩繫像頸。率百餘人挽之。像屹立不動。哲謂其弗力。杖監者百。復挽如故。猶不動。乃益人至五百。始踣。聲震地撼。人物駭慄。哲獨喜躍不自勝。亟命鎔冶。唱快。遽馳馬。往報太原公。忽墮馬。傷敗肢骨。失音直視。至夜而卒。驗其所記年月。若合符節。則世相定業之說當矣　長干寺育王像者。光趺身相。祥瑞通感。具如前傳。亢陽之歲。必駕御輦。迎像入宮。上加油帔前導羅蓋。僧眾從後。初雖炎赫。像至中途。則每霶𩃰霡霂。生物濡洽矣。國家所賴。以有年也。陳禎明中。像忽西嚮。直月監堂。屢移嚮南。晨起視之。復西嚮。事聞。詔迎入太極殿。設齋行道。先是像戴七寶冠。珠玉飾之。重約百斤。復以錦冐加其上。翌旦則冠掛像手。而冐猶覆頂也。上使為戴冠覆冐。如常時。因膜拜以禱之曰。苟國家有不祥者。宜再脫冠。明起視之復然。隋開皇九年陳亡。詔致像大內供養。上對之。每不敢坐。蓋以像立故也。久之詔曰。朕年老。不堪久立侍像。其今有司造坐佛。如育王像者。可送本像於興善寺供養。像偉特。所在莫能容。移置北面以圖遷奉。明日像則南面。或疑人所為者。乃剎之北面。而扄鐍其戶。且視之。像面南如昨。眾懼皆禮謝　梁祖等身金銀二像者。奉之重雲殿。晨夕禮敬者五十年。侯景之篡。太尉王僧辨既誅景。謀迎貞陽侯淵明於齊而立之。猶豫未定。僧辨使女壻杜龕。宿衛宮闕。龕性貪悍。欲毀二像。鑄金銀鋌。初殿周匝為閣道。號三休閣。而像頂正出閣上。龕遣數十人。登閣鑱像頂。像並回顧。眾驚悚。皆默瘖昏醉。龕隨徧身青腫。如見擊狀。號呼數日。創爛而死。陳有江南武帝昉徂落。臨川王蒨。入承大統。方治葬具。造轀輬車。時以國用窘乏。詔取像殿寶帳。珩珮珠玉。以充給之有司部集人力將事屏撤。而雲氣滃󳬂。擁殿內外交暗。其餘方所。霽景明朗。觀者四合。競駭其異。而雨注電射。煙焰歘漲。眾見殿像騰舉。高薄霄漢。漸遠漸微。焂然而沒。頃之雲斂雨過。就視其地則惟柱礎存焉。後或見之海上　僧護石像者。高齊時造長丈八。始護發願為之。然未得石。會於寺北谷中。見石仆地。約如其數。顧工營治。涉朞而僅了面腹。以背著地。勢未易。具眾力翻之。卒莫之動。明日石忽自轉。以就磨琢。及成。移置殿中。周師之破齊也。像先流汗。晉州陷。盡火諸寺。像獨完美。雖饒人牛力。終不仆。尋有僧周。壘瓦木土塹。以營護之。須臾失僧所在。或以木折像二指。見夢於人曰。吾指痛。且而續其指。開皇十年。盜歸像殿旛蓋云。夜每夢。丈八人責讓之。已上並戴旌異記。

> \*\*The Infinite Life Statue\*\* During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the monk Dao An crafted this statue on the eighth day of the eighth month in the third year of the Ningkang era (375 CE). The following winter, its adornments were completed. When the provincial governor Xi Xun first arrived to take office, the statue miraculously walked alone toward Mount Wan. Xi Xun led a crowd to welcome it back to the temple, but that evening it moved again, settling outside the temple gates. In the third year of the Liang Dynasty's Putong era (522 CE), an imperial decree ordered a bronze and gold pedestal to be cast at the Jianxing Garden to support it. The pedestal stood six feet high and ten feet wide. Liu Xiaoyi composed a eulogy and had it inscribed. \*\*The Changsha Temple Statue\*\* During the Taiyuan era of the Jin Dynasty, this statue appeared north of the city. It stood seven feet tall with extraordinary radiance. One man who encountered it walking at night thought it was not human and struck it with a blade. At dawn, he saw a knife mark on the statue. Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty sent messengers to bring it for veneration. After three days, it was sent to Tongtai Temple. Later, when the temple caught fire and halls and pagodas burned completely, only this statue remained standing firm in the main hall. \*\*The Dingzhou Statue\*\* Sun Jingde of the Northern Wei Dynasty was a native of Fangzhou. At home, he devoutly worshipped a statue of Guanyin. During the Tianping era (534-537), he enlisted in Dingzhou and was falsely accused by bandits. Arrested and imprisoned in the capital, he was tortured into confessing and sentenced to death. Sitting in prison one night, Jingde wept and vowed: "Being wronged like this must be retribution for wrongs I caused others in past lives. Now that I've paid my debt, I wish to bear the suffering of all beings who face wrongful calamities." As he drifted into sleep, a monk appeared in his dream and said: "The Guanyin Sutra of Saving Life contains the names of all Buddhas. If you can recite it a thousand times, you will escape death." The monk taught him the recitation. When Jingde awoke, he remembered it perfectly and recited without pause. By dawn, he had completed a hundred recitations. As he was led to the execution ground, he kept reciting, completing nearly a thousand by the time of execution. Three times the executioner's blade broke against him. After changing swords three times, his body remained unharmed. Prime Minister Gao Huan heard of this marvel and immediately petitioned to pardon him. The emperor ordered the sutra be propagated throughout the land. After returning to Fangzhou, Jingde examined his statue closely and found three blade marks on its neck. He was overcome with profound emotion. \*\*The Xiangyang Golden Statue\*\* In the nineteenth year of the Taiyuan era of the Jin Dynasty (394 CE), the monk Dao An created a sixteen-foot golden statue outside the western wall of Xiangyang. This statue survived through three complete cycles of the zodiac calendar—one hundred and eighty years—before it was destroyed. A record of this was inscribed beneath the statue's armpit, hidden in the folds of its robes. During the third year of the Jiande era of the Zhou Dynasty (574 CE), also a jiawu year, General Zhangsun Zhe was stationed in Jingzhou with Prince Taiyuan Wang Cheng as his deputy. Zhangsun was cruel by nature. Upon taking office, his first act was to order the statue destroyed. When the crowd protested, he only grew angrier. Servants hurried to obey, tying ropes around the statue's neck and pulling with over a hundred men. The statue stood immovable. Zhangsun blamed insufficient effort, had the overseer beaten a hundred times, and tried again. Still unmoved. He increased the force to five hundred men. Only then did it topple, shaking the earth and terrifying all who witnessed it. Zhangsun alone rejoiced wildly, immediately ordering it melted down. As he galloped off to report to the Prince of Taiyuan, he suddenly fell from his horse, breaking his limbs, losing his voice, and staring blankly. He died that night. When they verified the record's dates against what had occurred, they matched perfectly—confirming the teaching that all worldly phenomena follow fixed karmic destiny. \*\*The Ayuwang Statue at Changgan Temple\*\* Its radiance, pedestal, and form all displayed miraculous signs, as previously recorded. During severe droughts, officials would carry the statue into the palace in a royal carriage, with an oil canopy before it and monks following behind. Though the heat was scorching at the start, by the time the statue reached the midway point, rain would always pour down, nourishing all living things. The nation depended on this for bountiful harvests. During the Zhenming era of the Chen Dynasty (587-589), the statue suddenly faced west. The monk in charge of the hall repeatedly turned it southward, but each morning it faced west again. When this was reported, an imperial decree ordered it brought to the Taiji Palace for ceremonies. Previously, the statue wore a seven-jeweled crown weighing about a hundred catties, covered with a silk hood. The next morning, the crown was found in the statue's hand while the hood still covered its head. The emperor had them restored, then prostrated himself and prayed: "If the nation faces misfortune, let the crown be removed again." The next morning, it was removed once more. In the ninth year of the Kaihuang era of the Sui Dynasty (589 CE), when the Chen fell, an imperial decree brought the statue into the palace for veneration. The emperor never dared sit before it, as the statue always stood. Eventually he decreed: "I am old and cannot stand long attending this statue. Let my ministers cast a seated Buddha, modeled after the Ayuwang image, and return the original to Xingshan Temple for veneration." The statue was so massive that no place could house it. They moved it to face north in preparation for relocation, but the next day it faced south again. Suspecting human interference, they turned it north and locked the doors. The next morning it faced south as before. All were awestruck and bowed in repentance. \*\*The Life-Size Gold and Silver Statues of Emperor Wu of Liang\*\* Worshipped in the Chongyun Palace with morning and evening devotions for fifty years. When Hou Jing usurped the throne and was later executed by Grand Commandant Wang Sengbian, Wang deliberated on placing Zhenyang Marquis Yuan Ming on the throne with Qi support, hesitating uncertainly. Wang sent his son-in-law Du Kan to guard the palaces. Du Kan was greedy and brutal. He wanted to destroy the two statues and cast them into gold and silver ingots. A covered walkway called the Three Rest Pavilion surrounded the palace, and the statues' heads extended above it. Du Kan sent dozens of men up to chisel at the statue heads. The statues turned to look back at them. The men were terrified, struck mute and unconscious as if drunk. Du Kan's entire body then swelled with bruises as if he had been beaten. He screamed for days before dying of festering wounds. During the Chen Dynasty's rule over the south, when Emperor Wu passed away and Prince Linchuan Qian ascended the throne, funeral preparations required constructing a hearse. Facing financial strain, an imperial decree ordered the jeweled ornaments—jade pendants and pearls—be taken from the statues' hall to fund the funerary arrangements. Officials gathered workers for the task, but suddenly dense clouds filled the palace, plunging everything into darkness while the surrounding areas remained bright and clear. Onlookers gathered from all sides, astonished. Then rain poured down, lightning flashed, and smoke and flames erupted. The crowd saw the two statues rise into the air, ascending into the heavens, growing smaller and dimmer until they vanished completely. Soon the clouds dispersed and rain ceased. Where the statues had stood, only the stone foundation remained. Later, some reported seeing them at sea. \*\*The Stone Statue of Monk Hu\*\* During the Northern Qi Dynasty, a stone statue of sixteen feet was created. Monk Hu first made the vow to craft it but could not find suitable stone. Then in a valley north of the temple, he discovered a fallen boulder of approximately the right size. He hired workers to shape it, and after a year they had only finished the face and belly, as the statue's back lay against the earth, making the work difficult. With many hands they tried to turn it over, but it would not budge. The next day, the stone suddenly turned itself over, enabling the work to proceed. When completed, it was moved into the temple hall. When the Zhou army destroyed Qi, the statue sweated profusely beforehand. When Jinzhou fell and every temple was burned, this statue alone remained intact. Despite great force from men and oxen, it would not fall. A monk named Zhou soon piled bricks, wood, and earth around it for protection, then suddenly disappeared. Someone broke two fingers off the statue, and then appeared in a dream saying, "My fingers hurt." The next day, the fingers were reattached. During the tenth year of the Kaihuang era (590 CE), thieves returned the temple banners and canopies, saying they had nightly dreams of a sixteen-foot-tall figure scolding them. \*All of the above are recorded in the Record of Strange Signs.\*