---
title: "淨土十要 · 三緯中之經者"
description: "淨土十要由明代高僧成時大師評點節要，匯集了淨土宗歷代祖師的核心著述。該書輯錄了智者大師、善導大師等十種淨土教典精要，系統闡述了念佛往生西方極樂世界的理論與方法。其編撰於明末佛教復興期，旨在匡正禪淨流弊、彰顯淨土他力易行道。作為淨土宗根本教典之一，該書被譽為修學淨土法門的權威指南，在漢傳佛教中具有崇高地位，是深入理解淨土思想不可或缺的重要文獻。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcxvu7610qmuky04b6vamkrh"
---

### 三緯中之經者

> Three-Dimensional Sutra

華嚴經。普賢菩薩發十大願。臨命終時一切諸根散壞。一切威勢退失。惟此願王不相捨離。於一切時引導其前。一剎那間往生極樂世界。即見阿彌陀佛。其人自見生蓮華中。蒙佛授記。經無數劫。普於十方不可說不可說世界。以智慧力隨眾生心而為利益。乃至能於煩惱大苦海中󳫠濟眾生。令其得生極樂世界。又解脫長者云。我欲見安樂世界無量壽如來。隨意即見。如是十方如來欲見即見。我能了知如來國土莊嚴神通等事。無所從來亦無所去。無有行處亦無住處。亦如己身無來無去無行住處。法華經。聞是經典如說修行。命終即往。阿彌陀佛大菩薩眾圍繞住處。生蓮華中寶座之上。得菩薩神通無生法忍。眼根清淨。見七百萬二千億那由他恒河沙等諸佛如來。楞嚴經。大勢至白佛。超日月光佛教我念佛三昧。譬如有人。一專為憶。一人專忘。如是二人。若逢不逢。或見非見。二人相憶。二憶念深。如是乃至從生至生。同於形影。不相乖異。十方如來憐念眾生。如母憶子。若子逃逝。雖憶何為。子若憶母如母憶時。母子歷生不相違遠。若眾生心憶佛念佛。現前當來必定見佛。去佛不遠。不假方。便自得心開。如染香人身有香氣。此則名為香光莊嚴。我本因地以念佛心入無生忍。今於此界攝念佛人歸於淨土。佛問圓通我無選擇。都攝六根淨念相繼。得三摩地斯為第一。寶積經。佛告父王一。切眾生皆即是佛。汝今當念西方世界阿彌陀佛。常勤精進。當得佛道。王言。眾生云何是佛。佛言。一切法無生。無動搖。無取捨。無相貌。無自性。可於此法中安住其心。勿信於他。爾時父王與七萬釋種信解歡喜悟無生忍。佛現微笑而說偈曰。釋種決定智。是故於佛法。決信心安住。人中命終已。得生安樂國。面奉阿彌陀。無畏成菩提。又佛告彌勒發十種心住生極樂。一於眾生起大慈無損害心。二起大悲無逼惱心。三於佛正法不惜身命樂守護心。四於一切法發生勝忍無執著心。五不貪利養恭敬尊重淨意樂心。六求佛種智一切時無忘失心。七於眾生尊重恭敬無下劣心。八不著世論於菩提分生決定心。九種諸善根無有雜染清淨之心。十於諸如來捨離諸相起隨念心。此十心隨成一心。欲生彼佛世界。若不得生無有是處。般舟三昧經。若沙門白衣所聞西方阿彌陀佛剎。常念彼方佛。不得缺戒。一心念。若一日晝夜。若七日七夜。過七日已見阿彌陀佛。覺不見夢。見之如夢中所見。不知晝夜。不知內外。不在冥故不見。不蔽礙故不見。菩薩心當作是念。時諸佛國境界名大山須彌山。其有幽冥之處悉為開闢。目亦不蔽。心亦不礙。是菩薩摩訶薩不持天眼徹視。不持天耳徹聽。不持神足到於佛剎。不是生彼剎乃見便於是間坐。見阿彌陀佛。聞所說經悉受得。從三昧中能具足。為人說之。觀佛三昧經。文殊自敘宿因。謂得念佛三昧。當生淨土。世尊復記之曰。汝當往生極樂世界。大集經賢護品。求無上菩提應修念佛禪三昧。若人稱念彌陀佛號。曰無上深妙禪。至心想像。見佛時即是不生不滅法。十住斷結經。有四億眾自知死此生彼。牽連不斷。欲為之源。樂生無欲國土。佛言。西方去此無數國土。有佛名無量壽。其土清淨無淫怒癡。蓮花化生不由父母。汝當生彼。如來不思議境界經。菩薩了知諸佛及一切法。皆惟心量。得隨順忍。或入初地。捨身速生妙喜世界。或生極樂淨土。隨願往生經。佛國無量。專求極樂者。以因勝。十念為因故。以緣勝。四十八願普度眾生故。稱揚諸佛功德經。聞無量壽如來名。一心信樂。其人命終。佛與諸比丘住其前。魔不能壞彼正覺心。又持諷誦念。此人當得無量之福。永離三途。命終往生彼剎。大雲經。善男子。西方安樂土。佛號無量壽。告一菩薩。娑婆世界釋迦牟尼佛為薄福鈍根眾生說大雲經。汝可往彼至心聽受。彼菩薩欲來。汝觀彼土諸菩薩身。滿足五萬六千由旬。是菩薩名無邊光。通達方便善能教導。入楞伽經。善逝滅度後。南天竺國中大名德比丘厥號為龍樹。能破有無宗。世間中顯我無上大乘法。得初歡喜地。往生安樂國。大悲經。有比丘祈婆伽。修習無量最勝善根。命終生西方無量壽佛國。以後成佛。號無垢光如來。

> \# The Flower Ornament Scripture says: The Bodhisattva Samantabhadra made ten great vows. At the moment of death, when all faculties disintegrate and all worldly power fades away, only these vow-king companions never abandon you. At all times they guide you forward, and in an instant you are reborn in the Land of Ultimate Bliss. There you see Amitabha Buddha. That person sees themselves born within a lotus flower, receives the Buddha's prophecy of enlightenment, and for countless eons throughout inexpressible worlds, uses the power of wisdom to benefit beings according to their minds — even able to rescue beings from the great ocean of afflictions and suffering, enabling them to be born in the Land of Ultimate Bliss. # The Sutra of Liberation further says: The elder Liberation said: "I wish to see the World of Peace and Happiness and the Tathagata of Infinite Life, and I see them as I wish. Likewise, the Tathagatas of the ten directions appear when I wish to see them. I can understand the adornments, spiritual powers, and other matters of the Buddhalands. They have no place they come from and no place they go to; they have no place they move and no place they dwell — just like one's own body, which also has no coming, no going, no moving, and no dwelling." # The Lotus Sutra says: Those who hear this scripture and practice as it teaches will, at the end of life, immediately go to where Amitabha Buddha dwells, surrounded by a great assembly of bodhisattvas. They are born within a lotus flower upon a precious throne, attain the bodhisattva's spiritual powers and the patient acceptance of the non-arising of dharmas. Their eye faculty becomes pure, and they see seven million two hundred thousand nayutas of Ganges sands of Tathagatas. # The Shurangama Sutra says: Mahasthamaprapta said to the Buddha: "The Buddha Surpassing Sun and Moon taught me the mindfulness of the Buddha samadhi. It is like two people — one is constantly mindful of the other, while the other completely forgets. These two may or may not meet, they may or may not see each other. But when both remember each other, their remembrance becomes deep, and from life to life they are never apart, like a shadow following the form. The Tathagatas of the ten directions are mindful of sentient beings like a mother remembering her child. If the child runs away, what use is the mother's remembrance? But if the child remembers the mother as the mother remembers the child, then mother and child will never be separated through all their lives. If sentient beings' minds remember the Buddha and contemplate the Buddha, now or in the future, they will certainly see the Buddha — they will never be far from the Buddha. Without relying on any expedient means, their minds will naturally open. Like a person who perfumes themselves with incense — that person carries the fragrance. This is called the adornment of fragrance and light. In my own initial practice, I entered the patient acceptance of non-arising through the mind that contemplates the Buddha. Now in this world, I gather those who remember the Buddha and bring them to the Pure Land. The Buddha asked about perfect penetration. I have no preference. With all six faculties gathered in, with pure mindfulness continuing uninterrupted, I entered samadhi — and this is the foremost method." # The Ratnakuta Sutra says: The Buddha told King Shuddhodana: "All sentient beings are already Buddha. You should now contemplate Amitabha Buddha of the Western World. Diligently practice with constant effort, and you will attain Buddhahood." The King asked: "How can sentient beings be Buddha?" The Buddha said: "All dharmas do not arise, do not waver, do not grasp or reject, have no appearance, and have no self-nature. Rest your mind in these dharmas — do not believe others." At that time, the King and 70,000 members of the Shakya clan, with faith, understanding, and joy, realized the patient acceptance of non-arising. The Buddha smiled and spoke a verse: "The Shakya clan has decisive wisdom. Therefore, in the Buddha's Dharma, with firm faith and peaceful mind, at the end of life here, they will be born in the Land of Peace and Happiness. They will face Amitabha and, fearlessly, attain enlightenment." Again, the Buddha told Maitreya: "Develop ten kinds of mind and you will be born in the Ultimate Bliss. First — a great kindness toward sentient beings, with no thought of harming them. Second — a great compassion, with no thought of distressing them. Third — gladly protecting the Buddha's true Dharma, not sparing even your life. Fourth — developing supreme patience toward all things, with no attachment. Fifth — not greedily seeking offerings, respect, or honor, with pure intention. Sixth — seeking the Buddha's all-knowing wisdom, never forgetting at any time. Seventh — respecting and honoring all sentient beings with no arrogance. Eighth — not attached to worldly theories, with firm resolve toward the factors of enlightenment. Ninth — cultivating all roots of goodness with pure, undefiled mind. Tenth — in relation to all Tathagatas, renouncing all appearances and arousing mindfulness. If you perfect even one of these ten minds, wishing to be born in the Buddha's world, it is impossible that you would not be born there." # The Pratyutpanna Samadhi Sutra says: Whether a monk or a layperson, hearing of Amitabha's realm in the West, should constantly contemplate that Buddha in that direction. Do not break the precepts. Focus the mind single-pointedly — for one day and one night, or for seven days and seven nights. After seven days, they will see Amitabha Buddha. It is not during waking nor during dreaming — they see the Buddha like in a vision seen in a dream. They do not know day or night, do not know inside or outside. It is not because of darkness that they do not see — it is not because of obstacles that they do not see. The bodhisattva's mind should be thus: At that time, the realms of all Buddhalands — including Great Mount Sumeru and all dark places — are all opened up. The eyes are not covered, the mind is not obstructed. This great bodhisattva does not use the divine eye to see through things, does not use the divine ear to hear through things, does not use spiritual powers to go to the Buddhaland. They do not go to that land to see; right here in this seat they see Amitabha Buddha. They hear the sutras he teaches and receive them all. From this samadhi they fully comprehend them and can teach them to others. # The Contemplation of the Buddha Samadhi Sutra says: Manjushri recounted his past causes — that he attained the mindfulness of the Buddha samadhi and would be born in the Pure Land. The World-Honored One then predicted to him: "You will be born in the Land of Ultimate Bliss." # The Great Collection Sutra, Chapter on Virtuous Protection: Those seeking supreme enlightenment should cultivate the meditation and samadhi of mindfulness of the Buddha. If a person recites the name of Amitabha Buddha, this is called the supreme and profound Chan. Visualize with wholehearted concentration. When you see the Buddha, that is the unborn, unceasing Dharma. # The Ten Stages Sutra: Four billion beings knew that being born here and dying here continues endlessly, and that desire is the source. They wished to be born in the desireless realm. The Buddha said: "West of here, past countless lands, there is a Buddha named Infinite Life. His land is pure, without lust, anger, or ignorance. Beings are born there from lotus flowers, not from parents. You should be born there." # The Sutra of Inconceivable States of Tathagatas: Bodhisattvas understand that all Buddhas and all dharmas are only from the mind. They attain compliant patience, or enter the first stage. Abandoning the body, they quickly go to the Land of Wonderful Joy, or to the Pure Land of Ultimate Bliss. # The Sutra on Rebirth According to Vows: There are countless Buddhalands, but seeking Ultimate Bliss specifically is because its cause is supreme — ten recitations as the cause; and because its conditions are supreme — the forty-eight vows universally saving beings. # The Sutra Praising the Virtues of All Buddhas: Those who hear the name of the Tathagata Infinite Life, with single-minded faith and joy, at the end of life will have the Buddha and all bhikkhus appear before them. Mara cannot destroy their true enlightened mind. Further, those who recite and chant this name will attain infinite blessings, forever leaving the three evil realms, and at the end of life be born in that realm. # The Great Cloud Sutra: "Good man, in the Western Land of Peace and Happiness, the Buddha is called Infinite Life. He told a bodhisattva: 'In the Saha world, Shakyamuni Buddha teaches the Great Cloud Sutra to beings of thin merit and dull faculties. You should go there and listen with wholehearted attention.' That bodhisattva was about to come. You should see the bodies of the bodhisattvas of that land — they are fully 56,000 yojanas tall. This bodhisattva is named Infinite Light. He is skilled in expedient means and adept at teaching." # The Lankavatara Sutra: After the Sugata's nirvana, in the southern land of India, there will be a monk of great virtue named Nagarjuna. He will destroy views of existence and non-existence, and reveal in the world my supreme Mahayana Dharma. He will attain the first joyful stage and be born in the Land of Peace and Happiness. # The Mahakaruna Sutra: There was a bhikkhu named Prashvaga. He cultivated the most supreme root of goodness without measure. At the end of life he was born in the Western Land of the Buddha Infinite Life. Later he became a Buddha named the Tathagata Stainless Light.