---
title: "淨土十要 · 五稱法行者"
description: "淨土十要由明代高僧成時大師評點節要，匯集了淨土宗歷代祖師的核心著述。該書輯錄了智者大師、善導大師等十種淨土教典精要，系統闡述了念佛往生西方極樂世界的理論與方法。其編撰於明末佛教復興期，旨在匡正禪淨流弊、彰顯淨土他力易行道。作為淨土宗根本教典之一，該書被譽為修學淨土法門的權威指南，在漢傳佛教中具有崇高地位，是深入理解淨土思想不可或缺的重要文獻。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcxvu7610qndky04mshya3to"
---

### 五稱法行者

> Five Types of Dharma Practice

法界海無量無邊。行海亦無量無邊。虗空著彩粉墨徒勞。法界無方轍跡安用。是故菩薩一切行皆稱自性。非有非無。非行非不行。稱法自在。非初心得。非後心得。今當略出其相。一菩薩度一切眾生究竟無餘涅槃。而生界不減。如登場傀儡悲笑宛然。唯一土泥空無所有。二菩薩行五無間而無惱恚。至地獄無罪垢。至畜生無無明憍慢等過。如女子離魂乃至生子而身常在母前。三菩薩自身入定他身起。一身入定多身起。有情身入定無情身起。如猛虎起屍跪拜作舞。唯虎所欲而屍無知。四菩薩於一小眾生身中轉大法輪。燃大法炬。震大法雷。魔宮摧毀。大地震動。度無量無邊眾生。而此小眾生不覺不知。如天帝樂人逃入小女子鼻孔而女不覺知。五菩薩欲久住世即以念頃衍無量無數百千億那由他劫。欲少住世即以無量無數百千億那由他劫縮為念頃。如小兒看燈中走馬。計其多寡首尾了不可得。若證如是不思議行者。一念中三世諸佛淨土攝入無餘。是謂菩薩莊嚴淨土之行。以無思智照之。可見非情量所能猜度。何以故。自性超一切量故。

> The ocean of the Dharmadhatu is measureless and boundless. The ocean of practices is also measureless and boundless. Attempting to paint the sky is a futile waste of ink; the Dharmadhatu has no fixed paths, so what use are tracks? Therefore, all bodhisattva practices are in accord with their own nature: neither existent nor non-existent, neither a practice nor not a practice. They act freely in accordance with the Dharma, attained not by the first mind nor by the later mind. Now, I will briefly describe its characteristics: First: A bodhisattva delivers all beings to ultimate nirvana, yet the realm of beings is not diminished. It is like a puppet show on stage, with tears and laughter so vivid—yet it is nothing but a lump of clay, empty of any real substance. Second: A bodhisattva commits the five heinous acts without anger or resentment, enters hell without any taint of wrongdoing, and is reborn as an animal without the faults of ignorance or pride. It is like the story of a young woman whose soul left her body, gave birth to a child, yet her physical body remained with her mother all along. Third: A bodhisattva enters meditative absorption in one body but arises in another. One body enters samadhi while many bodies arise; a being with a body enters samadhi while a formless being arises. It is like a fierce tiger that makes a corpse rise, bow, and dance—the tiger does as it wishes, while the corpse knows nothing. Fourth: A bodhisattva turns the great wheel of Dharma within the body of a tiny being, lights a great torch of Dharma, and thunders a great Dharma thunder. Demon palaces are demolished, the earth quakes, countless beings are liberated—yet that tiny being remains unaware. It is like the heavenly musician who hides inside a young woman’s nostril, while she feels nothing. Fifth: A bodhisattva wishing to remain long in the world extends an instant to become countless hundreds of billions of eons. Wishing to stay briefly, they compress those countless eons back into an instant. It is like a child watching horses race inside a lantern—it cannot count them, nor tell where they begin or end. For one who realizes these inconceivable practices: in a single moment, all the pure lands of the Buddhas of past, present, and future are gathered completely. This is called the bodhisattva’s practice of adorning a pure land. It can only be understood through wisdom that transcends thought; it cannot be grasped by ordinary reasoning. Why? Because self-nature surpasses all measures.