---
title: "淨土十要 · 三菩薩生長壽等天者"
description: "淨土十要由明代高僧成時大師評點節要，匯集了淨土宗歷代祖師的核心著述。該書輯錄了智者大師、善導大師等十種淨土教典精要，系統闡述了念佛往生西方極樂世界的理論與方法。其編撰於明末佛教復興期，旨在匡正禪淨流弊、彰顯淨土他力易行道。作為淨土宗根本教典之一，該書被譽為修學淨土法門的權威指南，在漢傳佛教中具有崇高地位，是深入理解淨土思想不可或缺的重要文獻。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcxvu7610qnhky04dywy9847"
---

### 三菩薩生長壽等天者

> Three Bodhisattvas Born in Longevity Heavens

智度論。菩薩無方便入初禪。乃至行六波羅密無方便。謂入初禪時不念眾生。住時起時不念眾生。但著禪味。不能與初禪和合。行般若波羅密慈悲心薄故。功德薄少。為初禪果報所牽。生非有想非無想處。壽八萬大劫。或言無色定通名長壽天。以無形不可化。不任得道。常是凡夫處。或說無想天名長壽。是外道天。必從深墜。或說從初禪至第四禪。除淨居天。皆名長壽。以著味邪見善心難生。故佛言。天上命終。生人中者如甲頭土。墮地獄者如地上土。非本發菩提心。曾於禪中集諸福德。不得還生人中聞佛法。若最初發心求生淨土。常得聞法。直至不退。豈有是過。

> According to the \*Treatise on the Great Perfection of Wisdom\*, a bodhisattva who lacks skillful means may enter the first dhyāna, and even practice the six perfections, without skillful means. This means that when entering the first dhyāna, they do not keep sentient beings in mind. While abiding in it or emerging from it, they still do not think of sentient beings. Instead, they merely cling to the pleasure of the meditative state, unable to harmonize it with the first dhyāna. Because their compassion and wisdom are weak when practicing the perfection of discernment, their merit and virtue are meager. As a result, they are dragged by the karmic results of the first dhyāna and are reborn in the realm of Neither Perception nor Non-Perception, where they live for eighty thousand great kalpas. Some say that all formless meditative states are called the "long-lived heavens." Since those born there have no physical form, they cannot be transformed (by teaching), are unfit for attaining realization, and always remain as ordinary beings. Others say that the Heaven of No Perception is called "long-lived." It is a heaven for non-Buddhist practitioners, from which one inevitably falls into deep misery. Still others say that from the first through the fourth dhyāna, except for the Pure Abodes, all are called "long-lived heavens." Because attachment to meditative pleasure and wrong views make it hard for virtuous thoughts to arise. Therefore, the Buddha said, "Those who pass away from the heavens and are reborn as humans are as few as the dirt on a fingernail. Those who fall into the hells are as numerous as the dirt of the great earth." Such practitioners did not originally generate the bodhi mind or accumulate merit and virtue during their meditative states. Thus, they cannot return to be born among humans and hear the Dharma. However, if from the very beginning one aspires to be reborn in a Pure Land, one can constantly hear the Dharma and advance without ever retreating. How could any such fault possibly arise?