---
title: "淨土十要 · 十圓實墮者"
description: "淨土十要由明代高僧成時大師評點節要，匯集了淨土宗歷代祖師的核心著述。該書輯錄了智者大師、善導大師等十種淨土教典精要，系統闡述了念佛往生西方極樂世界的理論與方法。其編撰於明末佛教復興期，旨在匡正禪淨流弊、彰顯淨土他力易行道。作為淨土宗根本教典之一，該書被譽為修學淨土法門的權威指南，在漢傳佛教中具有崇高地位，是深入理解淨土思想不可或缺的重要文獻。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcxvu7610qnvky040t1k1zqr"
---

### 十圓實墮者

> Ten Kinds of Arrogance

謂華藏世界一剎一塵具含無量國土。本無淨薉。焉有往來。故長者言。西方淨土是權非實。以情存取捨。非法界如如之體。答。若約真論。華藏亦是權立。何獨西方。論言。理智無邊名普。知隨根益曰賢。是普賢菩薩亦權也。文殊師利是自心善簡擇妙慧。覺首目首等是隨信心中理智現前。是亦權也。又謂尼父顏淵等皆是表法。本無是人。是一切皆權也。今試定量文殊．普賢及此方賢聖。若言權則現有其人。及遺言往行。若言實則是長者誑凡滅聖。犯大妄語。於此辨得。西方亦入剎塵。剎塵亦含西方。豈有權實。論云。蓮華藏體是法身隨行無依住智體之所報得。宮殿總大悲含有之所報得。樓閣是智照觀根順悲濟物之所報得。其地金剛平等自性法身之所報得。摩尼莊嚴法身戒體隨行報得。金剛輪圍山大悲戒防護之業之所報得。眾華莊嚴萬行利生開敷之所報得。寶樹建行利生覆蔭含識之所報得。但業不相應者同居不見。猶神鬼與人同處人不能見。若爾則所謂華藏世界與汝所見之剎塵同耶異耶。若同。目連鶖子視聽尚隔。若異。何名一真。僧靈幹志奉華嚴。作華嚴觀及彌勒天宮觀疾甚。目睛上視。童真問之。答曰。至兜率宮而天樂非久終墮輪迴。蓮華藏是所圖也。須臾復曰。見大水徧滿。花如車輪。而坐其上。所願足矣。言終而逝。此與西方往生為同為別。當知漏巵勺海。螢火焚山。徒益疲勞。諸有智者不應如是分別。

> Regarding the Avatamsaka (Flower Adornment) World: inside each atom and each mote of dust, countless lands are contained. Originally, there is no "pure" or "impure" in the absolute sense—so where is there coming or going? Thus the elder says: "The Western Pure Land is an expedient teaching, not ultimate truth. To grasp at it with feelings of gain or loss is not the true nature of the Reality-Dharma realm." Response: If we speak in terms of ultimate truth, the Avatamsaka World itself is also an expedient designation—not just the Western Pure Land. The texts say: "Boundless wisdom-awareness is called Universal Virtue (Samantabhadra), and knowing how to benefit beings according to their capacities is called Worthy (Manjushri)." So even Samantabhadra Bodhisattva is an expedient. Manjushri is the mind's own excellent discriminating wisdom; Enlightenment-Head, Eye-Head, and so on represent stages where wisdom manifests within faith—all these too are expedient. Similarly, Confucius and Yan Hui are said to be symbolic representations, not actual historical persons—so everything is expedient. Now let us try to determine: Are Manjushri, Samantabhadra, and the sages of this world expedient or real? If we say they are expedient, then historical figures exist with teachings and deeds. If we say they are real, then the elder would be deceiving the ordinary and denying the sacred—a serious falsehood. Once this is understood, the Western Pure Land enters into every atom and mote of dust, and every atom and dust contains the Western Pure Land—where is any distinction between expedient and real? The texts say: "The body of the Lotus Treasury World is the reward-body of the Dharma-body, which arises from conduct based on the wisdom of non-abiding. The palaces are the reward of great compassion embracing all beings. The towers are the reward of wisdom that illuminates beings' capacities and compassionately helps them. The ground is the reward of the vajra-like equality of the self-nature Dharmakaya. The mani-jeweled adornments are the reward of the precept-body of Dharmakaya in accordance with conduct. The vajra-wheel mountain is the reward of great compassion guarding against transgression. The various flower adornments are the reward of myriad practices that bloom to benefit beings. The jeweled trees are the reward of practices that shelter and shade beings." But those whose karma does not correspond cannot see it, just as spirits and humans share the same place yet humans cannot see spirits. In that case, is the Avatamsaka World the same as or different from the atoms and dust you see? If the same, even Maudgalyayana and Shariputra could not share each other's sensory experience. If different, how can it be called one true reality? Monk Linggan, who devoted himself to the Avatamsaka Sutra, made profound visualizations of both the Avatamsaka World and Maitreya's Heavenly Palace. As his illness worsened, his eyes turned upward. A young monk asked him why. He replied: "I reached the Tushita Heaven, but celestial pleasures are not lasting—I would eventually fall back into samsara. The Lotus Treasury World is what I aspire to." A moment later he said: "I see vast waters everywhere, and a lotus flower the size of a chariot wheel. I sit upon it—my wish is fulfilled." Then he passed away. Is this the same as or different from rebirth in the Western Pure Land? You should know: trying to measure the ocean with a leaking cup, or burn a mountain with a firefly—it only exhausts effort. Wise people should not engage in such discriminations.