---
title: "淨土十要 · 五淨懺者"
description: "淨土十要由明代高僧成時大師評點節要，匯集了淨土宗歷代祖師的核心著述。該書輯錄了智者大師、善導大師等十種淨土教典精要，系統闡述了念佛往生西方極樂世界的理論與方法。其編撰於明末佛教復興期，旨在匡正禪淨流弊、彰顯淨土他力易行道。作為淨土宗根本教典之一，該書被譽為修學淨土法門的權威指南，在漢傳佛教中具有崇高地位，是深入理解淨土思想不可或缺的重要文獻。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcxvu7610qo1ky041bo7up72"
---

### 五淨懺者

> Five Pure Repentances

經云。前心起罪如雲覆空。後心滅罪如炬破暗。又云。百年垢衣可於一日浣令鮮淨。是故欲除重障。當勤懺悔。一內懺。懺心意識不淨因。二外懺。懺一切色聲等不淨法。三事懺。懺十八界．二十五有．八萬四千塵勞結使障。學阿僧祇劫見佛利生諸行業。四理懺。懺入道以來所得狂解。所學經論。所聞奧義。作止任滅等病。障佛無漏智。五過去懺。懺無始世界所作黑業。如今生縱不婬盜不謗法妄語。但所求不如意即盜業未盡。但值不隨意眷屬即婬業未盡。但言出人疑信相半即謗法妄語業未盡。於一切果中察一切因。當知前生無惡不造。一一當懺悔。六未來懺。一切惡法即今便止。盡未來世永不相續。七現在懺。懺現世所有生老病死種種苦業。種種煩惱業。舉足下足業。起口動心業。一切微細不可稱量業。八剎那懺。一念中九十剎那。一剎那九百生滅。一生滅一懺。九究竟懺。等覺位一分無明猶如微煙。誓究竟淨。十法界懺。法性無我無人無今無古。普為十方三世一切眾生平等懺悔。若能如是真實懺者。一切障礙悉得消滅。不離道場得見諸佛。

> The sutra says: "When a thought arises that creates wrongdoing, it is like clouds covering the sky. When a later thought arises that extinguishes that wrongdoing, it is like a torch breaking through the darkness." It also says: "A hundred years of grime on a garment can be washed clean in a single day." Therefore, to remove heavy obstacles, one must diligently practice repentance. 1. \*\*Inner Repentance\*\*: Repent of the impure causes within the mind, intellect, and consciousness. 2. \*\*Outer Repentance\*\*: Repent of all impure phenomena, such as sights and sounds. 3. \*\*Practical Repentance\*\*: Repent of the obstacles caused by the eighteen realms, the twenty-five states of existence, and the eighty-four thousand afflictions and fetters. These hinder the practices of seeing Buddhas and benefiting beings for eons. 4. \*\*Theoretical Repentance\*\*: Repent of the deluded realizations gained since entering the path, the scriptures and treatises studied, the profound meanings heard, and the ailments like "acting, stopping, letting be, or eliminating," which block the Buddha's stainless wisdom. 5. \*\*Repentance for the Past\*\*: Repent of all dark karma created since beginningless time. For instance, in this life, even if one refrains from lust, theft, slander of the Dharma, and false speech, if one's wishes do not come true, it indicates unexhausted karma of theft. If one encounters an unpleasant family, it indicates unexhausted karma of lust. If one's speech is met with half trust and half doubt, it indicates unexhausted karma of slandering the Dharma and false speech. In examining every effect, one should recognize its cause and understand that in past lives, no evil was left undone. Each one must be repented. 6. \*\*Repentance for the Future\*\*: Stop all unwholesome dharmas starting now, and ensure they never arise again throughout the entire future. 7. \*\*Repentance for the Present\*\*: Repent of all kinds of suffering karma in this life, such as birth, aging, sickness, and death, all kinds of afflictive karma, the karma of every step taken, the karma of every word spoken or thought stirred, and all the subtle, immeasurable karma. 8. \*\*Instant-by-Instant Repentance\*\*: In a single thought-moment there are ninety instants; in each instant, nine hundred arises and cessations. Repent for each arising and cessation. 9. \*\*Ultimate Repentance\*\*: The last trace of ignorance at the stage of "Equal Enlightenment" is like a wisp of smoke. Vow to purify it completely. 10. \*\*Repentance for the Entire Dharma Realm\*\*: The nature of reality has no self, no other person, no present, no past. Repent equally for all beings throughout the ten directions and three times. If one can repent truly in this way, all obstacles will be completely eliminated, and one will see all Buddhas without ever leaving the place of awakening.