---
title: "淨土十要 · 六二乘有無者"
description: "淨土十要由明代高僧成時大師評點節要，匯集了淨土宗歷代祖師的核心著述。該書輯錄了智者大師、善導大師等十種淨土教典精要，系統闡述了念佛往生西方極樂世界的理論與方法。其編撰於明末佛教復興期，旨在匡正禪淨流弊、彰顯淨土他力易行道。作為淨土宗根本教典之一，該書被譽為修學淨土法門的權威指南，在漢傳佛教中具有崇高地位，是深入理解淨土思想不可或缺的重要文獻。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcxvu7610qodky04534iboqt"
---

### 六二乘有無者

> Six Vehicles: Existence and Non-Existence

問。天親菩薩無量壽偈曰。大乘善根界。等無譏嫌名。乃至不聞二乘名。何況有實。然諸經皆言國土聲聞不可稱量。何也。釋。先德云。二乘生者皆是臨終回小向大。以習小功深。聞佛所說暫證小果。漸次增進至菩薩位。非是住小。是故說無二乘有二義。一決定二乘不生。是實無故。二不住二乘。實是菩薩故。如二人同一官位。一人實受一人兼攝。實受者是本職。兼攝者非本職。是故淨土不得言有二乘。以實是菩薩故。

> Question: \[The next line is a quote from Vasubandhu Bodhisattva's verse on the Amitabha Sutra\] "The land of great-vehicle goodness, Has no names that would provoke even a whisper of reproach. It does not even hear the name of the Two Vehicles, So how could it have their reality?" Yet all the scriptures say the number of Shravakas (listeners) in that land is immeasurable. Why is this? Explanation: The ancient masters said: Those who are born there as Two-Vehicle practitioners all turned from the Small Vehicle to the Great Vehicle at the moment of death. Because their habits of cultivating the Small Vehicle were deep, they temporarily realized the fruition of the Small Vehicle after hearing the Buddha’s teaching. They then gradually progressed step by step to the Bodhisattva stage. They did not remain in the Small Vehicle. Therefore, saying there are no Two Vehicles has two meanings. First, those who are determined to stay in the Two Vehicles are not born there—this is because they truly do not exist. Second, those who have taken the Two Vehicle path do not remain in it—they are truly Bodhisattvas. It is like two people sharing the same official position. One person actually receives the position, while the other merely holds it concurrently. The one who actually receives it holds the original post, but the one who holds it concurrently is not in the original post. Therefore, the Pure Land cannot be said to have Two Vehicles, because those who appear as such are truly Bodhisattvas.