---
title: "淨土十要 · 十五逆往生者"
description: "淨土十要由明代高僧成時大師評點節要，匯集了淨土宗歷代祖師的核心著述。該書輯錄了智者大師、善導大師等十種淨土教典精要，系統闡述了念佛往生西方極樂世界的理論與方法。其編撰於明末佛教復興期，旨在匡正禪淨流弊、彰顯淨土他力易行道。作為淨土宗根本教典之一，該書被譽為修學淨土法門的權威指南，在漢傳佛教中具有崇高地位，是深入理解淨土思想不可或缺的重要文獻。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcxvu7610qohky04dqbq1dpd"
---

### 十五逆往生者

> Chapter 15: Those Who Go Against the Current

大經。往生除造五無間惡業。誹謗正法及諸聖人。觀經。五逆十惡。臨終十念皆得往生。何也。釋。大經揀五逆者。以誹謗故。入淨土以信為導。誹謗是信之賊。如水無所不容。但不容火。以火自不能容故。如風無所不入。但不入石。以石自不堪入故。誹謗之人。燒正法如猛𦦨。障佛智如鐵壁。是故法海慧風無因得受。是以觀經揀誹謗不揀五逆者。文異義同。以五逆雖至惡。尚無決定不信之見。不應揀故。然有大心之人。始或不信。後因啟發猛省前失。如韓昌黎始斥佛骨。後依大顛。張無盡初詆佛書。欲著無佛論。後觀淨名經大有省發。卒為宗門龍象。尤是法中希有之事。是故儒林英特或有謬聽先入。誤謗佛法。但速圖改悔即是盛事。不應以謗為障難故。

> In the Larger Sutra, it is said that rebirth is only impossible for those who commit the five heinous crimes, slander the True Dharma, or slander the sages. In the Contemplation Sutra, however, it is said that even those who commit the five heinous crimes and the ten evil acts can attain rebirth if they sincerely recite the Buddha’s name ten times at the moment of death. Why is there this difference? Explanation: The Larger Sutra excludes those who commit the five heinous crimes only because they have also slandered the Dharma. Entry into the Pure Land is guided by faith; slander is the thief of faith. It is like water, which can accept everything except fire—because fire itself cannot be contained. It is like wind, which can enter everything except stone—because stone itself cannot be penetrated. Slanderers burn the True Dharma like a raging flame and block the Buddha’s wisdom like an iron wall. Therefore, the Dharma-ocean and the wisdom-wind have no way to reach them. Thus, the Contemplation Sutra excludes slanderers but not those who commit the five heinous crimes. The wording differs, but the meaning is the same. Although the five heinous crimes are extremely evil, they do not necessarily involve a mind of total disbelief, so they should not be excluded. However, there are also people with great aspirations who may not have believed at first, but later, through guidance, have a profound awakening and regret their past mistakes. For example, Han Changli (Han Yu) initially condemned the Buddha’s relics but later turned to Chan Master Dadian. Zhang Wujin (Zhang Liang) first slandered Buddhist scriptures and wanted to write a treatise against the Buddha, but after reading the \*Vimalakirti Sutra\*, he had a great awakening and eventually became a great figure in the Zen school. These are especially rare events in the Dharma. Therefore, if brilliant scholars in the Confucian world happen to be misled by prior biases and mistakenly slander the Dharma, they should quickly reform and repent—this is a splendid thing. Slander should not be regarded as an insurmountable obstacle.

西方合論

> Here is the translation: \*\*The Discourse on the Western Union\*\*