---
title: "華嚴經探玄記 · 27 菩薩住處品"
description: "华严经探玄记是唐代高僧法藏的重要著作。法藏作为华严宗的实际创立者，在武周时期为深入阐释晋译六十华严而撰述此书。本书以十门科判的方式系统疏解华严经义理，详尽阐发了法界缘起、六相圆融、十玄无碍等华严核心思想。它不仅是理解华严经深奥教义的权威指南，更是华严宗哲学体系的奠基性论疏，对后世中国佛教思想发展影响深远，被尊为华严学的根本典籍之一。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcydn8250lyul204u3d7shho"
---

### 菩薩住處品第二十七

> Chapter 27: Abodes of the Bodhisattvas

初釋名者，菩薩大悲隨方攝化，應物之所名為住處，人處題名。

> First, to explain the name: The bodhisattva, with great compassion, adapts to guide beings according to their circumstances. The place where they manifest to respond to beings is called their abode, and the name is given based on the person and the place.

二來意，亦二：一遠答普光隨喜心等十句問故、二近顯菩薩應機所在故也。又前品賢首剎等皆是淨土菩薩充滿，未知娑婆染界為有菩薩以不？今辨此界亦有無量菩薩所住，故次來也。

> Second, regarding the purpose, there are also two aspects: first, to broadly respond to the ten questions about the mind of universal light and rejoicing, etc.; second, to closely demonstrate where the bodhisattvas manifest according to the needs of beings. Furthermore, in the previous chapter, the lands of the virtuous leaders and others were all pure lands filled with bodhisattvas, but it was unknown whether this Sahā world, a defiled realm, also has bodhisattvas. Now, it is clarified that this world also has countless bodhisattvas dwelling within, hence the subsequent discussion.

三宗趣者，有二：一心住，謂智證真理，悲念眾生；二身住，謂實報居淨土權現於染界，此由大悲就機所住，亦由大智非世所染，由此悲智無二相故則住無住處。

> The three purposes of practice can be understood in two aspects: First, the abiding of the mind: This means using wisdom to realize the truth, while compassionately caring for all beings. Second, the abiding of the body: This refers to dwelling in the Pure Land through the reward of true practice, while manifesting skillfully in the defiled world. This abiding arises from great compassion, which responds to the needs of sentient beings, and from great wisdom, which remains unstained by worldly afflictions. Because compassion and wisdom are inseparable, this abiding is an abiding without fixed abode.

四釋文，以於處識得自在故，亦心王說也。於中有三：初舉八方住處、二辨四海住處、三諸國住處。

> The fourth explanation of the text, because one attains mastery over the realms of perception, is also spoken by the mind-king. Within this, there are three parts: first, the listing of the eight directions of residence; second, the distinction of the four seas of residence; third, the various countries of residence.

初中八方，唯據此界，非約他方。就此界中，唯約此閻浮提，非是餘洲。初仙人起山，應是東海蓬萊山等。二樓閣山，應是下文南海岸樓閣城側自在海師所住處等。又勘梵本，應名勝峰山。三金剛炎山，應是西海邊等。四香聚山，應是在北香山王，是以彼山中多有菩薩住故。五清涼山，則是代州五臺山是也，於中現有古清涼寺，以冬夏積雪故以為名。此山及文殊靈應等，有傳記三卷，具如彼說。六枝堅固山，勘梵本正云制多山，此云歸宗，即塔之類也，應在此國南正海邊。七樹提光明山，應是下文觀音住處，光明山相連，梵名樹提，此云照曜。八香風山，應在香山西畔，有風穴故也。此八皆在山者，表山居寂靜長道之處，賢聖所住故也。

> In this world, there are eight primary mountains, and this description pertains only to our realm, not to other worlds. Within our realm, it refers specifically to Jambudvīpa, not to the other continents. 1. The Mountain Where the Immortals First Arose is likely the Penglai Mountain in the Eastern Sea and similar places. 2. The Towering Mountain is probably the area near the Towering City on the southern coast mentioned later, where the Master of the Ocean resides. According to the Sanskrit text, it should be called Victory Peak Mountain. 3. The Vajra Blaze Mountain is likely located near the Western Sea. 4. The Fragrant Gathering Mountain is probably the King of Fragrant Mountains in the north, as many bodhisattvas are said to dwell there. 5. The Cool Mountain is Mount Wutai in Daizhou, where the ancient Cool Temple still exists. It is named for its perpetual snow, both in winter and summer. The spiritual manifestations of Mañjuśrī and others on this mountain are recorded in a three-volume chronicle, as detailed there. 6. The Firm Branch Mountain, according to the Sanskrit text, is properly called Caitya Mountain, meaning "Returning to the Source," similar to a stūpa. It is likely situated on the southern coast of this land. 7. The Shining Tree Mountain is probably the Mountain of Light where Avalokiteśvara resides, as mentioned later. Its Sanskrit name, "Shining Tree," means "illuminating." 8. The Fragrant Wind Mountain is likely on the western side of the Fragrant Mountains, known for its wind caves. All eight are mountains because mountains symbolize places of solitude and tranquility, where sages and saints dwell.

第二四大海中有二住處：一枳怛者，具云昵枳多，此云湧出，則海島山之名。曇無竭，此云法生，亦云法勇。二窟是海別處，准梵本應名間錯莊嚴窟。第三「毘舍離」下明諸國中菩薩住處，有十三所：初毘舍離，是中印度，亦云吠舍離，此云廣嚴城，即維摩所住也。此城南十四五里有塔，是七百賢聖重結集處。更南八九十里有僧伽藍，其側有過去四佛坐及經行遺迹之處。具《西域記》第七說。二巴連弗者，具言波吒唎補怛囉。其波吒唎，此是黃花之名，即母之號也。補怛囉，此云子也，兒也。即上代黃花女之子，創於此居，故以為名。亦是中天摩竭國也。具如《西域記》第八說。三摩偷羅者，正云秣㝹羅，此云孔雀，或云密，竝是古世因事為名，是中印度。此國中有舍利弗等塔及文殊師利塔。於王城東五六里有山寺，是烏波毱多所造寺。北巖間有石室，是毱多度人安籌所也。又東有大林，中有過去四佛經行之迹，亦有舍利弗等千二百五十人修定之所。具在《西域記》第四說。又准梵本，此處是窟名也。四俱陳那者，俱陳是姓也，那是法律也。昔有五通仙人名拘持，此云大盆，謂大池形似大盆，此仙在彼修仙，因立斯號。彼仙於此廣說法律，謂護淨、經行、養性等法，令人修學，相繫不絕，眾人同姓拘陳那也。五清淨彼岸國，應是南印度。牟真，此云解脫，是龍名也。隣陀，此云處，即解脫龍所住處。六風地者，有風孔處名無礙，是龍王所造窟也。七甘菩國者，正云劍蒲，是北印度。此國多出美女，故以為名也。最上慈者，《大集經》中名慈窟也。八真旦者，或云震旦、或曰支那，是此漢國名也。那羅延山，此云堅牢山，則青州界有東牢山，應是也，彼現有古佛聖迹。九邊夷國者，准梵語似當疎勒國，今但潤州江南有牛頭山，彼中現有佛窟寺也，則北印度境。傳云有四辟支佛影，時時出現。又此潤州，古時亦有蠻居此處，現蠻王陵，故亦名邊夷也。十罽賓者，正云迦濕彌羅，此云阿誰入。此國舊是大池，因末田底於佛滅後，降彼池龍乞容膝處。池龍既許，與羅漢通力，以廣其身，得多地處，遂得造國及僧伽藍。如佛所記，於中現有佛牙寺及五百羅漢造《毘婆娑》處。《如西域記》第三說。欝提尸山，此云遠聞山，謂多處遠人皆聞故，即此國四周之山處也。十一難提拔檀那者，難提此云喜，跋檀那此云增長，即南印度梯羅浮訶者，此云上座，即尊者之名。以居此窟故，因以為目。《文殊問經體》毘裏部，此云上座部，同此名也。十二菴浮梨摩國者，正云菴羅，此云無垢，是菓名也。以此菓能療眾病垢，故云無垢。彼國多出此菓故，名浮梨摩也。正治邪曲，託此為號。十三乾陀羅國者，正云建馱，此云香。陀羅，此云遍。謂遍此國處，香草先發，故以為名。寂靜窟，相傳是佛留影之窟。具如《西域記》及《大集經月藏》第十卷中說。上來明此閻浮菩薩住處，餘四天下准之。餘須彌世界及樹形等世界，竝准之無盡無盡也。

> Second, within the four great seas there are two abodes: 1. 枳怛者 (Jidazhe), fully named 昵枳多 (Ni Jiduo), meaning "surge forth," is the name of a sea island mountain. 曇無竭 (Tanwujie) means "Dharma-born" or "Dharma-brave." 2. 窟 (Cave) is a separate place in the sea. According to the Sanskrit original, it should be named the "Interwoven Adornment Cave." Third, starting from "毘舍離" (Vaiśālī), it explains the abodes of bodhisattvas among various countries, numbering thirteen places: 1. 毘舍離 (Vaiśālī) is in Central India, also called 吠舍離 (Vaiśālī), meaning "City of Vast Adornment," where Vimalakīrti resided. About 14 or 15 li south of this city is a stupa, the site where the 700 sages held the second council. Further south, about 80 or 90 li, is a monastery, beside which are the remains of seats and walking paths of past Buddhas. Details are in the \*Records of the Western Regions\*, Volume 7. 2. 巴連弗 (Balianfu), fully named 波吒唎補怛囉 (Bazhalibutaluo). 波吒唎 (Bazhali) is the name of a yellow flower, which is also the mother's name. 補怛囉 (Butaluo) means "son" or "child." It refers to the son of an ancient yellow-flower maiden who first settled here, hence the name. It is also in Central India, in the Magadha kingdom. Details are in the \*Records of the Western Regions\*, Volume 8. 3. 摩偷羅 (Motuoluo), correctly 秣㝹羅 (Mounuluo), means "peacock" or "secret," both names derived from ancient events. It is in Central India. In this country are stupas of Śāriputra and others, as well as a stupa of Mañjuśrī. About 5 or 6 li east of the royal city is a mountain monastery built by Upagupta. In the northern cliffs is a stone chamber where Upagupta converted people and placed counting sticks. Further east is a great forest with walking paths of past Buddhas and places where Śāriputra and 1,250 others practiced meditation. Details are in the \*Records of the Western Regions\*, Volume 4. According to the Sanskrit original, this place is also the name of a cave. 4. 俱陳那 (Juchenna): 俱陳 (Juchen) is a surname, and 那 (na) means "Dharma." In the past, there was a sage with five supernatural powers named 拘持 (Juchi), meaning "great basin," referring to a large pond shaped like a basin. This sage cultivated immortality there, hence the name. He extensively taught the Dharma here, such as methods for maintaining purity, walking meditation, and nurturing life, encouraging people to practice continuously. The people shared the surname 拘陳那 (Juchenna). 5. 清淨彼岸國 (Pure Shore Country) is likely in South India. 牟真 (Mouzhen) means "liberation" and is the name of a dragon. 隣陀 (Lintuo) means "abode," the dwelling place of the liberation dragon. 6. 風地 (Wind Land) refers to a place with wind holes, called "unobstructed," a cave created by a dragon king. 7. 甘菩國 (Ganpu Country), correctly 劍蒲 (Jianpu), is in North India. This country produces many beautiful women, hence the name. 最上慈 (Supreme Compassion) is called the "Cave of Compassion" in the \*Mahāvaipulya Sūtra\*. 8. 真旦 (Zhendan), also called 震旦 (Zhendan) or 支那 (Zhina), is the name of this Han country. 那羅延山 (Naluoyan Mountain) means "firm mountain." There is an East Firm Mountain in the Qingzhou region, which likely refers to this. Ancient Buddha traces are said to exist there. 9. 邊夷國 (Borderland Country), according to Sanskrit, likely refers to the Shule Kingdom. Nowadays, on the south side of the Yangtze River in Runzhou, there is Ox Head Mountain, where a Buddha Cave Temple exists, located in the North Indian region. Tradition says there are shadows of four Pratyekabuddhas that occasionally appear. Also, in ancient times, barbarians lived in this Runzhou area; traces of a barbarian king's tomb remain, hence it is also called a borderland. 10. 罽賓 (Jibin), correctly 迦濕彌羅 (Jiashimiluo), means "who enters?" This country was originally a great pond. After the Buddha's parinirvāṇa, Madhyāntika subdued the dragon of the pond and begged for a space the size of a knee. The dragon agreed, and through the Arhat's supernatural power, he expanded his body, obtaining a large area of land, thus establishing the country and monasteries. As the Buddha predicted, there is now a Buddha Tooth Temple and the place where 500 Arhats composed the \*Vibhāṣā\*. See the \*Records of the Western Regions\*, Volume 3. 欝提尸山 (Yutishi Mountain) means "far-heard mountain," as people from distant places hear of it. It is the mountain surrounding this country. 11. 難提拔檀那 (Nantibatanna): 難提 (Nanti) means "joy," and 跋檀那 (Batanna) means "increase." It is in South India. 梯羅浮訶 (Tiluofuhe) means "elder," the name of a venerable one. Because he resided in this cave, it was named after him. The \*Mañjuśrī Paripṛcchā Sūtra\* mentions the "Elder Sect," which shares this name. 12. 菴浮梨摩國 (Anfulimo Country), correctly 菴羅 (Anluo), means "stainless," the name of a fruit. This fruit can cure various illnesses and impurities, hence "stainless." The country produces this fruit abundantly, so it is called 浮梨摩 (Fulimo). It symbolizes rectifying crookedness, hence the name. 13. 乾陀羅國 (Gantuoluo Country), correctly 建馱 (Jianduo), means "fragrance." 陀羅 (Tuo Luo) means "pervading." It means fragrant grasses grow everywhere in this country, hence the name. 寂靜窟 (Tranquil Cave) is traditionally said to be the cave where the Buddha left his shadow. Details are in the \*Records of the Western Regions\* and the \*Mahāvaipulya Sūtra\*, Volume 10 of the \*Moon Treasury\* section. The above explains the abodes of bodhisattvas in Jambudvīpa. The other four continents should be understood similarly. The same applies to the Sumeru worlds, tree-shaped worlds, and so on, endlessly and boundlessly.