---
title: "禪林象器箋 · 法堂"
description: "禪林象器箋是日本江户时代临济宗高僧無著道忠所著的佛教典籍。無著道忠是17世纪著名禅宗学者，精通禅宗仪轨与寺院制度。该书系统整理了禅宗寺院中的各类法器、器物、建筑及日常用具，详细记载其名称、用途、形制及历史渊源，堪称禅宗寺院文化的百科全书。作为研究禅宗丛林制度的重要文献，它不仅保存了大量珍贵的一手资料，更展现了禅宗独特的物质文化传统，对理解中日禅宗历史与寺院生活具有不可替代的学术价值，被佛教界视为研究禅门规制的经典参考著作。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmcyujivh029al604zp6r42nt"
---

忠曰。演說大法之堂。故云法堂。故黃溍百丈山師表閣記云。東陽嗣住是山。既新作演法之堂止此。又宋景濂護法錄妙辨大師塔銘序云。元季。寺焚于兵。公奮然有為。創演法堂。及方丈室。

> Zhong says: The hall where the great Dharma is expounded is therefore called the Dharma Hall. Therefore, in Huang Jin's "Record of the Master's Stele Pavilion at Mount Baizhang," it is said: Dongyang succeeded to reside on this mountain, and having newly built the hall for expounding the Dharma<note>End here</note>. Also, in Song Jinglian's "Record of Protecting the Dharma," the preface to the "Inscription for the Stupa of Master Miaobian" says: In the late Yuan dynasty, the monastery was burned by soldiers. The master, with a determined and vigorous spirit, established the Hall for Expounding the Dharma, as well as the Abbot's Quarters.

三才圖會宮室部云。堂者當也。謂當正向陽之屋玉海。又堂明也。言明禮義之所。

> The Illustrated Compendium of the Three Realms states in the section on Palaces and Buildings: "A hall (堂) is what is proper (當), meaning a building that properly faces the sun."<note>Jade Sea</note>. Furthermore, a hall is brightness (明). It is said to be the place where ritual propriety and righteousness are made clear.

華嚴經世主妙嚴品云。大智日勇猛慧菩薩說頌言。世尊凝睟處法堂。炳然照曜宮殿中。　又入法界品無憂德章云。善財童子。將升法堂。　又摩耶夫人章云。時有守護菩薩法堂羅剎鬼王。名曰善眼　疏護正法堂也。

> The Avataṃsaka Sūtra, Chapter on the Wondrous Adornments of the World’s Lords, states: The Bodhisattva of Great Wisdom, Sun of Valiant Wisdom, spoke in verse, saying: “The World-Honored One gazes with profound vision in the Dharma hall, shining brightly, illuminating the palace.” Furthermore, the Chapter on Worry-Free Virtue in the “Entry into the Dharma Realm” chapter states: “The youth Sudhana was about to ascend to the Dharma hall.” Also, the Chapter on Queen Māyā states: “At that time, there was a rākṣasa king guarding the Bodhisattva’s Dharma hall, named Good Eye.” The commentary explains: “To protect the hall of the true Dharma.”

大方等日藏經云。於當來世。是中皆應起立塔寺。造作法堂。安置舍利。經法形像。

> The Mahāvaipulya Sūtra of the Sun Treasury states: In the age to come, in these places, stūpas and monasteries shall be erected, Dharma halls shall be built, and śarīra, sūtras, and images shall be enshrined.

佛本行集經云。有諸比丘。或在露地。說法之時。或寒或熱。我許造堂。堂下說法。若雖有堂。露無四壁。風吹塵草。汙諸比丘。我今當聽起四壁障。遮諸塵草。時諸比丘。在說法堂。若地不平。應以種種。若麻若草。泥塗其地。使令淨好。

> The Buddha's Past Deeds Sutra states: There were bhikkus who, when teaching the Dharma in open areas, were sometimes cold, sometimes hot. I permit the building of a hall to teach the Dharma beneath it. Even if there is a hall, if it is open without four walls, the wind blows dust and grass, soiling the bhikkus. I now allow raising four walls as a barrier to block the dust and grass. At that time, the bhikkus in the Dharma-teaching hall, if the ground was uneven, should use various materials, such as hemp or grass, to plaster the ground, making it clean and good.

毘奈耶雜事云。佛告阿難陀。此拘尸那城。往古有城。有拘奢伐底。有王名大善見。國人奉諸金銀末尼等寶。王曰。如是諸寶。我自豐足。不受。國人置寶而去。王念。今此珍寶。非枉求。我今宜用修造法堂。時有八萬四千。諸城小王。聞之。咸詣王所白言。願不煩神慮。臣等望。為王營造。再三請而許。諸王白王。於城東形勝地。興建法堂莊嚴廣說。嚴飾既畢。願親臨幸。王念。此勝法堂不應先自受用。宜請一切沙門婆羅門。有德行者。如法供養略鈔。

> The \*Vinaya Kṣudraka Vastu\* states: The Buddha told Ānanda, "In this city of Kuśinagara, there was in ancient times a city named Kuśāvatī, and a king called Mahāsudarśana. The citizens offered him gold, silver, pearls, and other treasures. The king said, 'I already have an abundance of such treasures myself; I shall not accept them.' The citizens left the treasures and departed. The king thought, 'These precious jewels were not wrongfully sought. I should now use them to build a Dharma hall.' At that time, eighty-four thousand minor kings of various cities heard of this and all went to the king, saying, 'We pray you not to trouble your divine thoughts. We, your servants, wish to construct it for the king.' After they repeatedly entreated him, he consented. The kings addressed the king, 'We shall erect a Dharma hall on an excellent site east of the city.' <note>The adornments are described in detail.</note> When the magnificent decoration was complete, they wished him to grace it with his presence. The king thought, 'This sublime Dharma hall should not first be enjoyed by myself. It is fitting to invite all śramaṇas and brāhmaṇas of virtuous conduct and make offerings to them in accordance with the Dharma.' <note>Abridged extract.</note>

右法堂文字。出經律者。

> The text of the Right Dharma Hall. That which issues from the Sutras and Vinaya.

歷代三寶記隋錄云。法堂佛殿。既等天宮震旦神州還同淨土。

> The Record of the Three Treasures Through the Ages, Sui Dynasty Catalogue, states: The Dharma hall and Buddha hall are already equal to the heavenly palaces; The land of China is likewise akin to a Pure Land.

六學僧傳隋羅雲傳曰。上明東寺法堂十二間。蓋道安曇翼所造。

> The Biography of Master Luo Yun in the \*Biographies of Eminent Monks of the Six Schools\* states: The Dharma Hall of the Shangming East Temple, comprising twelve bays, was built by Dao'an and Tan Yi.

唐高僧傳羅雲傳云。釋道安。於上明東寺。造堂七間。曇翼後造五間。連甍接棟。橫列十二。

> The Biography of the Eminent Monk Luo Yun in the \*Biographies of Eminent Monks of the Tang Dynasty\* records: The Venerable Shi Dao'an built a hall of seven bays at the Upper Ming Eastern Monastery. Later, Tanyi built another hall of five bays. Their rafters and ridgepoles were connected, forming a continuous row of twelve bays across.

傳燈錄牛頭慧忠禪師章云。眾請入城。居莊嚴舊寺。師欲於殿東。別創法堂。先有古木。群鵲巢其上。工人將伐之。師謂鵲曰。此地建堂。汝等何不速去。言訖。群鵲乃遷巢他樹。初築基。有二神人。定其四角。復潛資夜役。遂不日而就。繇是四方學徒。雲集座下矣。

> The Record of the Transmission of the Lamp, chapter on Chan Master Huizhong of Niutou, states: The assembly invited him to enter the city, where he resided at the old Zhuangyan Monastery. The Master wished to establish a Dharma hall to the east of the main shrine. There was first an ancient tree upon which a flock of magpies had nested. When the workmen were about to fell it, the Master addressed the magpies, saying, "A hall shall be built upon this ground. Why do you not depart swiftly?" As soon as he had spoken, the flock of magpies moved their nests to another tree. When the foundation was first laid, two divine beings fixed its four corners. They further aided the nightly labors in secret. Thus the work was completed without delay. From this, disciples from the four quarters gathered like clouds beneath his seat.

宋高僧傳香育嗣神秀傳曰。州將韓𨳝。供施交駢。樹造法堂。嚴飾奇麗。時來問道。

> The Biographies of Eminent Monks of the Song Dynasty: Xiangyu<note>Successor to Shenxiu</note> records: The regional commander Han Qi made abundant offerings and donations, constructing a Dharma hall, which was adorned with extraordinary splendor. He often came to inquire about the Way.

右並百丈已前。有法堂稱者。

傳燈錄百丈章禪門規式云。不立佛殿。唯樹法堂。者。表佛祖親囑受。當代為尊也。

德山拆却佛殿。獨存法堂見于佛殿處。

忠曰。竊以百丈制禪苑規繩。取意於朝制。其東西兩序。猶如文武排行。五參上堂。猶如五日一參。到法堂制造。亦是擬太極殿矣。予嘗聞日本大極殿之制。蓋一依中華法。地面碁布甎瓦。中央有高臺。皇帝即位登此座。則可四方瞻禮之。由此觀今法堂之制。無一所異。而今法堂座後。有大板屏。非可移動者。蓋非古也。何以知之。清規上堂云。設罣罳法被。夫板屏罣罳也。若常在則何言設之。乃知。古制不造板屏。臨時設罣罳耳。既無板屏則在座上者。可四方仰望之。然古有佛殿。擬太極殿者。編年通論云。魏胡太后作永寧寺。極土木之美其佛殿如太極殿。三門如端門。僧房千楹。玉珠錦繡。駭人心目前佛殿處。引歷代三寶記。予之法堂。形太極之說。殆得類證矣。

或曰。禪剎法堂。象帝釋善法堂。故名法堂也。予謂不然。古人或命文命扁。只取類似。以資言藻。或上堂小參。亦臨時假借。未可取以為本義也。若實謂象帝釋之堂。則義不亦涉焉。師表閣記。明言演法之堂。何須別說。且掇古人以善法堂稱者。附見于此。

佛祖通載。唐張說法池院二法堂賛序云。法池西。三歸院二法堂。茲院。長老初上禪師所造也。三歸堂。以長安元年辛丑。子月。望日癸卯立。善法堂以開元元年癸丑。丑月。望日戊辰。建。又云至哉初上人。建立善法堂。彩翠三世佛。

廣燈錄覺華普照禪師章云。僧問。如來以一音演說法。未審和尚。何法示人。師云。白雲無定止。出沒太虗中。進云。恁麼則善法堂前師子吼也。續燈錄。興化紹清禪師章云。上堂云。祖師門下。佛法不存。善法堂前。仁義休說。　又云。興化今日。不上天堂。不入地獄。於善法堂中。登王座上。為母說法。

葉縣省禪師錄云。問善法堂中。伸一問。未審師還接也無。師云。蜀地錦觀陶綿。

雲峯悅禪師法輪錄云。開堂陞座。僧問。善法堂開於此日。第一義諦。請師宣。師云何不早問。

石溪錄小參。頌趙州訪茱萸。上法堂。從東過西因緣。云。善法堂前探淺深。寒濤平地湧千尋。

貞和集。北磵彰教建法堂頌云。善法堂傾法不傾。欲支一木要重新。

南堂欲禪師本覺錄小參云。從教靈山會上。退席五千。善法堂前。草深一丈。

大休念禪師錄壽福寺。掛善法堂額佛事云。善法堂前雙樹陰。微風吹動奏清音。如來寶座親蹤跡。天上人間亘古今所以釋迦世尊。初於普光明殿。成等正覺。不離菩提樹下。上昇忉利天宮。乃至七處九會。徧登寶華王座。一音演唱。隨類得解。一雨所霑。隨根受潤。而况壽福禪苑。古佛道塲。標善法之名模。遵先覺之懿範。雷音大震。普示人天四眾。慈雲廣被。仰瞻天雨四花。

忠曰。是已以善法命扁。故援世尊昇忉利。且實其事。然假借緣飾。非為本義也。

清拙澄禪師錄小參。引臨濟洞山等五尊宿因緣云。這五員老凍膿。只今同在善法堂上。大開鋪席。互顯家風。