---
title: "幻住庵清規 · 菴主"
description: "幻住庵清規是元代高僧中峰明本禅师所著的一部禅宗寺院清规。元代是中国禅宗制度发展的重要时期，明本禅师为规范幻住庵的僧团生活而制定此规。其主要内容详细规定了庵中僧众的日常起居、修行仪轨、职务分工及共住准则，旨在通过严整的纪律保障修行。作为禅门清规的重要文献，它不仅是研究元代禅宗寺院制度的珍贵史料，更体现了明本禅师将禅修落实于行住坐卧的实践精神，对后世汉传佛教丛林管理具有深远影响。"
url: "https://rushiwowen.co/en/r/cmczjyrm7002djy0a3m4y78tj"
---

### 菴主

> The Hermitage Master

夫為菴主者即叢林所以長老也。譬如屋之有梁。船之有柁。權之有衡也。凡菴門一切取舍營為必先謀之於心。或不能自決須旁詢歷事老成之者。事無大小一主於公。盖主之一言公界之所繫焉。使一念不存乎公。將見上行下効。己私一勝。雖常住積糓如山。則其廢墜不待召而至矣。不慮物務之不豐。惟慮主心之不存乎公。或公心不昧。則虗可實弱可強。近則方來悅服遠則龍神加護。所謂公者處心在眾而不在己也。凡臨事應緣不當執親踈之分而輕重之。不可循愛憎之情而與奪之。須事事圓融塵塵方便。縱遇違情悖理之事。當一以護善遮惡之道寬厚處之。一念傷慈甚非為主之大体也。

> One who serves as abbot of a monastery is the very reason the community has an elder. He is like the beam of a house, the rudder of a ship, or the balance arm of a scale. In all affairs of the monastery—whether accepting or rejecting, building up or carrying out—he must first deliberate in his heart. If he cannot decide on his own, he should seek advice from seasoned elders who have long experience. In matters great or small, everything must be guided by fairness. For the abbot's word is the hinge upon which the whole community's sense of justice turns. If even a single thought lacks impartiality, those below will follow the example set above, and once self-interest gains the upper hand—even if the monastery's storehouses are piled with grain like mountains—its decline and ruin will come without being summoned. Do not worry that resources may not be abundant; worry only that the abbot's heart may not be impartial. If the heart of fairness remains unclouded, then the empty can be filled, the weak can become strong. In the near term, those who come will be glad to follow; in the long term, the dragon-spirits will lend their protection. What we call fairness means keeping one's mind on the community, not on oneself. In dealing with people and responding to circumstances, one must not favor relatives over strangers or weigh people by closeness. One must not follow personal likes and dislikes when granting or withholding. Every matter should be handled with harmony, every encounter met with skillful means. Even when faced with things that go against one's feelings or defy all reason, one should respond with the way of protecting goodness and shielding against harm, handling it with generosity and forbearance. A single thought that injures compassion is a grave departure from the true substance of an abbot's role.